Abstract Aimed to assess, in the light of current attentional theories, nature deficit a group severely traumatically head-injured subjects, relative orthopaedic rehabilitation patients, and establish which neuropsychological measures best reflected deficit. Three separate studies were conducted order meet these aims. The first study focused on selective attention; second, vigilance or sustained third, Supervisory Attentional System. Results provided no evidence for presence deficits...

Specific domains of adaptive behaviours and academic achievement may, in part, depend on executive function capacities. Executive deficits have been found to be associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), not Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct (ODD/CD).Using a sample 110 adolescents, comprising four groups, ADHD only, co-morbid ODD/CD, ODD/CD normal community control group, we assessed socialisation communication skills the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales, along...

Of 1094 patients with a confirmed stroke admitted to Northwick Park, district general hospital, 364 (33%) died while in 215 (20%) were fully recovered when discharged, and 329 (30%) too frail or ill from diseases other than be considered for active rehabilitation. Only 121 (11%) suitable intensive treatment. They 12 referred direct outpatients allocated at random one of three different courses Intensive was compared conventional rehabilitation third regimen which included no routine...

<h3>Background:</h3> Positive effects are reported for memory training healthy older adults, and yet there is limited information about the benefit of cognitive intervention adults with increasing difficulties—mild impairment. <h3>Objective:</h3> To investigate usefulness an early difficulties experienced by people amnestic mild <h3>Methods:</h3> Using a randomised control design, 52 participants impairment their family partners were randomly assigned to (memory rehabilitation group) or...

The central executive component of working memory has been argued to play an important role in the performance span tasks, particularly backward span. Age-related decline function also reported, and yet there have inconsistent findings indicate that with increasing age, discrepancy between forward increases. A secondary analysis Wechsler Memory Scale–Third Edition standardization sample ( N = 1030) was performed investigate this relationship. It hypothesized on basis past research indicating...

In order to measure disability in a randomised controlled trial of different intensities rehabilitation following stroke, modification existing methods has been developed; it makes use 17 items activities daily living (ADL) which are rated on three-point scale, and subjected tests repeatability validity. While some (e.g. taps, ascending or descending stairs) either redundant repetitive, others provide independent measures disability. There was no significant inter-observer variability; the...

Objective: To assess family psychosocial outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in all members, including relatives more peripheral to the person with injury. Design: A cross-sectional design was used gather data from individuals TBI and primary, secondary, tertiary carers, 19.3 months posttrauma. Multivariate analyses of variance (ANOVAs) ascertained differences levels psychological distress satisfaction within families. Setting participants: Seventy-nine families (65 TBI, 72...

Abstract In recent years there has been increasing awareness of the limitations conventional neuropsychological assessment in terms predicting functional performance everyday life. response to growing recognition need for ecological validity rehabilitation settings, clinicians have begun develop methods (e.g. rating scales and behaviour checklists) assessing impact impairments on patient. However, few attempts investigate or reliability such scales. The aims present study were: (i) design a...

Although the frequency and implications of disorders attention in head-injured subjects have been recognised recent years, there few carefully controlled attempts to evaluate remedial interventions. The present study employed a multiple baseline across design computer-mediated programme for remediation deficits speed information processing 10 severely subjects, aged 17-38 years. Following period, effectiveness computer training alone was compared with that combined therapist feedback...

Residual memory deficits may represent a problem to the everyday functioning of large number people, including those who have sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present exploratory study sought investigate interrelationships between subjective reports, performance on traditional tests, and tests prospective memory. These were contrasted group 24 adults had TBI matched control subjects. Prospective was hypothesized be indicative functioning. results provided preliminary evidence that...

Within the context of a longitudinal study investigating outcome for children following traumatic brain injury, this paper reports on utility neuropsychological testing in predicting academic 2 years injury (TBI). Twenty-nine school-age who were admitted to hospital after TBI assessed with battery and measures at 3 24 months postinjury. The included memory, learning, speed information processing. Academic was terms post-TBI change school placement. According logistic regression analysis,...

This paper describes research which sought to investigate and describe the interpersonal relationships vulnerability psychiatric disturbance in severely closed head injured subjects. The subjects were injured, with mild or extremely individuals being excluded from this study. Self-report by individual was compared relatives' reports. Fifteen people individually matched non-head general population who acted as controls. Each subject nominated one 'close other' for comparative interview....

Abstract The National Adult Reading Test (NART) was devised to predict premorbid intellectual functioning in people suspected of having dementia, so that the extent cognitive decline could be assessed by comparing these results with current performances. This study undertook a double cross-validation NART on neurologically normal sample (N = 104) and clinically relevant (49 aged subjects). provide encouragement for clinical utility NART. also demonstrated inclusion demographic variables...

Acute functional recovery after a stroke was evaluated in 31 subjects over three-month period. Assessments were made at four, eight and 12 weeks insult the areas of activities daily living, mobility, movement cognitive abilities. Maximum achieved by weeks, although trend towards continued to weeks. Significant noted gait movement, but not A hemispheric difference rate looked for, found, unilateral spatial neglect, which, this study, exclusively found right hemisphere lesions, emerged as...

This study assessed the behavioral outcome of 51 children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) up to 2 years following injury. Children severe injuries, but not those mild or moderate were reported by parents have a greater incidence behavior problems TBI. Regression analyses indicated that presence partner for primary caregiver child and acute emotional reaction parent both predictive outcome, although 2-year follow-up. These findings suggest parental coping resources may impact on development...

This study examined the usefulness of self-report measures emotional disorder in a relatively acute, severely head injured population (i.e. individuals who had sustained their injuries within previous two years). The General Health Questionnaire, Leeds Scales Depression and Anxiety, Visual Analogue Anxiety were administered to 39 subjects 35 'close others' required give opinions on how they thought feeling. Twenty re-tested week. Results indicated that are able reliably complete scales as by...

A series of stroke patients (n = 31) were assessed at four stages: 4 weeks, 8 12 weeks and 18 months post-trauma. Significant recovery was noted although a trend towards continued throughout the assessment phases. Patients presenting with hemi-inattention 4-week achieved significantly poorer levels functional ability final in some cases inattention had resolved on neuropsychological tests.

Abstract Normative data from 363 community-dwelling older adults (60–89 years) is presented in relation to performance on the Trail Making Test. Age and years of education were identified as significantly impacting performance. Therefore, are for four separate age groups (60–69; 70–74; 75–79; 80–89) two different lengths education. In addition Trails A B, information provided difference ratio scores, which increasingly used by clinicians interpret executive function. Acknowledgments The...