Abstract Background Spasticity is a common impairment that follows stroke, and it results typically in functional loss. For this reason, accurate quantification of spasticity has both diagnostic therapeutic significance. The most widely used clinical assessment the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), an ordinal scale, but its validity, reliability sensitivity have often been challenged. present study addresses deficit by examining whether quantitative measures neural muscular components are...

Previous studies have shown that preplanned movements can be rapidly released when a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) is presented immediately prior to, or coincident with, the imperative signal to initiate movement. Based on short latency of onset muscle activity (typically in less than 90 ms) and frequent co-expression startle responses neck eye muscles, it has been proposed release planned by SAS mediated subcortical, possibly brainstem, pathways. However, role for cortical structures...

Despite intensive investigation, the origins of neuromuscular abnormalities associated with spasticity are not well understood. In particular, mechanical properties induced by stretch reflex activity have been especially difficult to study because a lack accurate tools separating torque from generated musculo-tendinous structures. The present addresses this deficit characterizing contribution neural and muscular components abnormally high stiffness spastic joint. Using system identification...

<h3>Objective:</h3> The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and freezing gait (PD+FOG) would demonstrate sleep disturbances comparable those seen in REM behavior disorder (RBD) these changes be significantly different from PD without FOG (PD-FOG) age-matched controls. <h3>Methods:</h3> We conducted overnight polysomnography studies 4 groups subjects: RBD, PD-FOG, PD+FOG, Tonic phasic muscle activity during were...

ABSTRACT Background Muscle activity during rapid eye movement sleep is markedly increased in people with behavior disorder and Parkinson's disease (PD) who have freezing of gait. This study examined whether individuals do not a diagnosis PD show abnormalities gait initiation that resemble the impairments observed there relationship between these deficits level without atonia. Methods Gait polysomnography studies were conducted 4 groups 10 participants: disorder, gait, controls. Results...

After stroke, hemiparesis will result in impairments to locomotor control. Specifically, muscle coordination deficits, the form of inappropriately phased muscle-activity patterns, occur both paretic and nonparetic limbs. These dysfunctional muscle-coordination patterns can adapt somatosensory inputs, also sensorimotor state limb influence limb. However, relative contribution interlimb pathways for improving muscle-activation terms phasing remains unknown. In this study, we investigated...

It is well established that the sensorimotor state of one limb can influence another and therefore bilateral somatosensory inputs make an important contribution to interlimb coordination patterns. However, relative pathways for modifying muscle activation patterns in terms phasing less clear. Here we studied adaptation activity angular positions limbs using a split-crank ergometer, where cranks could be decoupled allow different spatial position relationships. Twenty neurologically healthy...

Advances in wearable devices with inertial measurement units (IMUs) for the detection of different motor activities and monitoring training tasks have important applications tele-rehabilitation. These technologies can play an effective role improving quality life people progressive movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Considering cost, simplicity, practicality, a smaller more efficient number IMUs that accurately recognize type is preferable. The purpose current study was to...

People with Parkinson's disease often exhibit improvements in motor tasks when exposed to external sensory cues. While the effects of different types cues on functions have been widely studied, underlying neural mechanism these and potential alter cortical activity patterns functional connectivity areas are still unclear. This study aims compare changes oxygenated haemoglobin, deoxygenated haemoglobin correlations among regions interest during wrist movement under stimulus conditions between...

Abstract Objective To evaluate the alterations of language and memory functions using dynamic causal modeling, in order to identify epileptogenic hemisphere temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods Twenty‐two patients with left TLE 13 right underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during four mapping tasks. Dynamic modeling (DCM) was employed on fMRI data examine effective directional connectivity networks people compared healthy individuals. Results DCM analysis suggested that...

We examined the intrinsic and reflex contributions to ankle stiffness in people with chronic stroke healthy subjects using parallel system identification technique. Modulation of was characterized by applying pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) perturbations at different initial joint over entire range motion (ROM). The experiments were performed for both paretic (stroke) contralateral (control) side. Healthy (normal) used a secondary control. Reflex gain significantly increased than control...

We studied the neuromuscular mechanical properties of elbow and ankle joints in chronic, hemiparetic stroke patients healthy subjects. System identification techniques were used to characterize abnormalities these identify contribution intrinsic reflex stiffness abnormalities. Modulation with joint angle was by applying PRBS perturbations at different angles. The experiments performed for both spastic (stroke) contralateral (control) sides one side (normal) found gain (G <sub...

We examined the intrinsic and reflex contributions to ankle stiffness in people with chronic stroke healthy subjects using parallel system identification technique. Modulation of was characterized by applying pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) perturbations at different initial joint over entire range motion (ROM). The experiments were performed for both paretic (stroke) contralateral (control) side. Healthy (normal) used a secondary control. Reflex gain significantly increased than control...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between REM sleep and freezing of gait (FOG) in PD.

We studied the neuromuscular mechanical properties of elbow and ankle joints in chronic, hemiparetic stroke patients healthy subjects. System identification techniques were used to characterize abnormalities these identify contribution intrinsic reflex stiffness abnormalities. Modulation with joint angle was by applying PRBS perturbations at different angles. The experiments performed for both spastic (stroke) contralateral (control) sides one side (normal) found gain (G <sub...