Abstract In 2018, China's general secretary, Xi Jinping, announced a three-year war on “black societies and evil forces” promised to take down various forms of organized crime forces within society. This article examines the operational features this particular crackdown how they diverged from previous “strike hard” campaigns. campaign adopted novel strategies including embedding instructions law enforcement criminal justice institutions, promulgating special rules crimes in order “strike”...

Abstract Village cadres are important agents for the state yet disciplining them has been difficult. There few disciplinary tools that can easily hold to account. Prior 2018, Party discipline did not apply non-Party cadres. Legislation was ambiguous in relation these grassroots and had rely heavily on legal interpretation. The impact of cadre evaluation system village cadres, who considered be public servants payroll, limited. This situation changed since 2018. party-state consolidated...

Abstract Borrowed from England and Wales, the Chinese Appropriate Adult Scheme involves a dynamic of selective adaptation. This article analyses two salient features appropriate adult scheme within context, in comparison with its counterpart Wales: complementarity juvenile's parent, passive role that adults play during pretrial interrogations. Drawing upon empirical evidence, argues transplanted has failed to oversee legality interrogations, nor does it provide adequate safeguards for...

The Chinese public prosecution service, the procuracy, is modelled on Soviet Union system and has been accorded controversial function of supervising other legal institutions in criminal justice system. Drawing upon my own empirical data crime China, this article critically examines way power supervision operates from an internal perspective. It argues that used as institutional asset to secure interests procuracy by analysing its oversight police investigations court decisions, prosecutors...

Witnesses rarely testify at trial in China and the courts routinely rely on investigative dossiers to determine guilt or innocence of defendant. Shielded from external scrutiny, relatively little is known about how these are constructed whether they truly reliable. To understand construction process for police cases, ethnography, semi-structured interviews content analysis have been conducted explore formation evidence during investigation. This article reveals that subject manipulation...

Abstract The judicial accountability reform in China introduced the concept of lifelong accountability, which requires prosecutors to be responsible for cases they handle by tying their reputation and career prospects quality cases, regardless whether still hold those positions. To explain this article analyzes key issues surrounding prosecutorial Chinese context, critically examining system before transformations brought about new regime. It argues that although is expected a deterrent...

Abstract Drawing upon in-depth interviews with frontline police officers, this article examines persuasion and education as a psychological interrogation method routinely applied in Chinese questioning. It analyses the three tactics employed by interrogators inducing suspect to confess, including utilization of suspects’ personal relationships, their hope for uncertain future memories past experiences. These mechanisms correspond forms universal vulnerability shared human beings, namely...

Abstract Fundraising fraud is one of the most serious and complicated financial crimes in China. It has an intertwined relationship with a regulatory offence, known as illegally taking deposits from general public (ITIDFGP). In judicial practice, ITIDFGP works downgraded form fundraising fraud. This article explores why identified whereas offence. The paper discerns essence Chinese criminal law critically examines concept “intention to possess illegally.” argues that should be classified de...

Future missions to recover the first stage of rocket require advanced guidance and control algorithms which can overcome stochastic disturbances, so as achieve pinpoint landing. Recent studies have shown promising results reinforcement learning (RL) based powered landing method. However, many them suffer from poor sample efficiency due sparse complex reward, that trades off different goals in terms attitude stability, terminal velocity, attitude, position fuel usage. In order address...

Another high-profile miscarriage of justice was reported recently by the media in China, highlighting widespread issues concerning torture and other police malpractices within Chinese criminal system. Drawing from analysis my book on Construction Guilt this Note outlines key drawbacks process which contribute to wrongful convictions, namely that none legal institutions exhibits autonomy check credibility evidence impartially. Alongside problems caused miscarriages justice, they are also...