With the incremental quantities of variable speed wind turbines (VSWT) integrated into microgrid, frequency fluctuation and generation efficiency decrease are caused. To solve problem, power unreserved control has been well studied, which emulates inertia stimulates VSWTs to transiently release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses, thus providing response excursions promptly timely. Meanwhile, temporary over-production (TOP) control, as two main strategies have put forward improve...

In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution, especially emission greenhouse gases, has attracted people’s attention to energy infrastructure. At present, fuel consumed by transportation mainly comes from fossil energy, and strong traffic demand a great impact on environment climate. Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) use hydrogen as clean alternative fuels, taking into account dual needs protection. However, due low power density high manufacturing cost cells, their combination...

Direct-current (DC) microgrids have gained worldwide attention in recent decades due to their high system efficiency and simple control. In a self-sufficient energy system, voltage control is an important key dealing with upcoming challenges of renewable integration into DC microgrids, thus storage systems (ESSs) are often employed suppress the power fluctuation ensure stability. this paper, performances three strategies for compared, including proportion (PI) control, fuzzy PI particle...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) seriously endangers the health of pregnant women and their offspring. Early prediction diagnosis allow timely treatment GDM, preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes related diseases. This research aims to explore predictive significance miR-486-3p expression levels in diagnosing GDM early pregnancy. A retrospective study was conducted by enrolling 103 subjects with 98 healthy subjects. qRT-PCR used analyze level miR-486-3p. The chi-square test t-test were...

Since intermittent nature of distributed generation and uncertainty in load behavior, the existing secondary control are not sufficient to deal with robustness fast response. In this paper, attacked from a cooperative based perspective inspired tracking consistency paradigm, robust nonlinear voltage controller is proposed achieve compensation for islanded microgrid. Employing sparse communication, strategy can compromise between conflicting goals regulation reactive power sharing. As...

Consensus based distributed control schemes have been widely applied to different operation scenarios of wind farms (WFs). However, few studies concern the influences WF communication network topology consensus performances. This paper proposes an optimal design method for re/active power regulation WF, in which each individual turbine (WT) is equipped with energy storage (ES) unit. Firstly, basic model WT ES presented, and scheme described. Secondly, optimization constructed, so as speed up...

An active crowbar protective circuit is an effective and common approach for low voltage ride through (LVRT) of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The resistance value its switching scheme both have crucial effects on safety recovery. encountered are correlative dependence interplay so that analyzing them from single factor, as most existing LVRT control methods would do, obtains partial optimal solution. This paper connects these two factors to analyze their coordination the control,...

Focusing on wind energy conversion system (WECS) at the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) control level, a novel approach was proposed to optimise capture from consideration of physical nature and relationship. According flowing, WECS divided into several multi-ports subsystems, structure matrices subsystems were elaborately designed. Based this, port-controlled Hamiltonian models obtained, energy-based using provided realise machine side grid objectives WECS. The applied 2 MW WECS,...

Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems, in which the proportional-integral (PI) method is usually used to control SMESs, have been microgrids for improving performance. However, robustness of PI-based SMES controllers may be unsatisfactory due high nonlinearity and coupling system. In this study, shaping passivity (ESP)-based strategy, a novel nonlinear based on methodology interconnection damping assignment (IDA), proposed improvement systems. A step-by-step design ESP-based...

This paper presents an innovative passivity-based <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -gain performance notation="LaTeX">$(L_{2}$ -GP) adaptive robust control method for the design of primary and secondary frequency in low-inertia microgrid with lines inverter-interfaced generation. First, by exploiting analyzing internal structural properties,...

This article presents an energy-based coordinated control of machine- and grid-side converters in a wind energy conversion system (WECS) with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based on the theory port-controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) system. Taking into account transmission dual PWM converter rather than treating rectification inversion as separate parts, integrated PCH model for whole WECS was established from physical meanings. And depending new model, approach proposed to meet...

As the integration of distributed energy into power grid continues to rise, significance electricity transactions in promoting renewable consumption grows substantially. This necessitates establishment a robust trading framework facilitate reliable and trustworthy for prosumers. paper introduces an innovative blockchain-based framework. Within this framework, we present decentralized collaborative model training approach aimed at predicting generation photovoltaic stations. Simultaneously,...

This work considers a second-order Kuramoto oscillator network periodically driven at one node to model low-frequency forced oscillations in power grids. The phase fluctuation magnitude each and the disturbance propagation are numerically analyzed. coupling strengths this sufficiently large ensure stability of equilibria unforced system. It is found that primarily determined by structural properties forcing parameters, not parameters specific individual nodes such as damping. A new...

It is crucial to rank power system nodes in terms of importance. Once the ranking results are known, by imposing extra protection or changing topology, strong robustness and low risks will be obtained. Inspired stochastic approach for link structure analysis (SALSA) algorithm, an algorithm web pages, authors propose a weighted‐SALSA evaluate node importance electrical system. Since features different from page relationships, weighted directed graph adopted instead unweighted abstracted...

Kron reduction is a general tool of network simplification for flow calculation. With growing number flexible loads appearing in distribution networks, traditional cannot be widely used control and scheduling due to the elimination controllable variable load buses. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved based on node ordering optimization whose principles guarantee that all boundary nodes are retained eventually after eliminating first row column every step according order, thereby...

This paper proposes a non-linear decentralized secondary control with adaptive L2 disturbance attenuation, for the purpose to past limits that traditional quadratic nonlinear based on linearization method in practical application controlling motion trajectory which is near setting point. The proposed Kuramoto coupled phase oscillator microgrid model uses coupling place of linear droop mechanism depict relationship between power DGs and frequency microgrid. From physical law dissipation...

Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) with proportional-integral (PI) control methods have been widely studied in microgrids (MGs). However, the performance of PI might be unsatisfactory for BESSs due to nonlinear characteristics system. To overcome this problem, an energy-based (EB) method is applied converter a BESS study. The EB robust based on passivity theory good both transient and steady states. detailed design process by adopting interconnection damping assignment (IDA) strategy...

Doubly-fed wind generator is highly sensitive to voltage variations of the grid, which poses limitations for power plants during grid integrated operation. This paper proposes a new control strategy rotor side converter doubly-fed induction (DFIG) using energy-based method based on Port-Control Hamiltonian (PCH) theory and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> disturbance attenuation. The proposed ride-through approach limits...

As a typical representative of permissioned blockchain system, Hyperledger Fabric has garnered substantial attention in recent years. Despite the application and promotion fields such as smart grid healthcare, challenges persist with respect to its performance, especially transaction latency. High latency always discourages from latency-sensitive applications. In this paper, we focus on execution phase unique Execute-Order-Validate architecture conduct comprehensive analysis endorsement...