<title>Abstract</title> Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to be a popular stress management tool in workplaces, however its efficacy yet tested on content moderators (CMs). This study used an experimental design where CMs were randomly assigned either: 1) VR, 2) non-screen activity or 3) control condition for six-week period. Adherence data regarding further four-week period was also collected and focus groups conducted. The results demonstrated no significant differences trait anxiety...

Abstract Purpose Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) cases remain under-reported under-prosecuted in the criminal justice system (CJS), with researchers frequently having limited access to raw police data. Here, a range of factors relating DVA offences occurring between 2018 2020 one large English force were described measured. As part research, it was investigated if victim, suspect crime characteristics predicted outcome decisions, specifically charge rate, case attrition, evidential...

Police data is an important source of information for researchers about investigations, suspects, and victims. However, crime records can be problematic to work with. Here we outline three key issues along with our approach. We discuss quality, which reflects missing misclassified values; inconsistency, refers the vague at times different definitions provided; granularity, lack detailed included in datasets. recommend developing a robust strategy working data, triangulating across sources,...

Introduction News reporting of suicide can have a significant influence on suicidal behaviour in the general population, especially following death well-known individual. By comparison, impact suicides at well-known, ‘high-frequency’ locations is less well understood. We investigated relationship between news coverage and incidents high-frequency coastal location UK over 7-year period. Methods analysed bidirectional associations (with daily weekly lags) Granger causality suicide-related...

There is an increasing evidence base that demonstrates the psychological toll of content moderation on employees perform this crucial task. Nevertheless, moderators (CMs) can be based worldwide and have varying working conditions. Therefore, there a need for studies to replicated ensure results are robust. The current study used large sample commercial CMs employed by international company replicate from two previous which relied anonymous online survey. pertaining mental health, wellbeing...

There is an increasing evidence base that demonstrates the psychological toll of content moderation on employees perform this crucial task. Nevertheless, moderators (CMs) can be based worldwide and have varying working conditions. Therefore, there a need for studies to replicated ensure results are robust. The current study used large sample commercial CMs employed by international company replicate from two previous relied anonymous online survey. pertaining mental health, wellbeing,...

Objective To identify the relative importance of factors influencing hospital use at end life. Design Retrospective cohort study person and health system effects on in past 12 months modelling differences admissions, bed days whether a died hospital. Setting Residents England for period 2009/2010 to 2011/2012 using Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES) data from all acute care hospitals funded by National Health Service (NHS). Participants 1 223 859 people registered with GP who (decedents)...

Content moderation generally refers to the practice of monitoring user generated content and applying a set rules defining what is acceptable. As result, Moderators (CMs) are responsible for reviewing removing harmful online material, which has potential cause psychological harm. However, little known about perceived impacts job. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 commercial CMs who exposed child sexual abuse material (CSAM) as part their Interviews analysed using framework...

The present study applied item response theory (IRT) to the NEO five factor inventory (NEO-FFI) completed by a community based sample of adolescents. results revealed that many these personality items may not be discriminating well, with some traits demonstrating greater reliability than others. Furthermore, threshold values highlighted majority had skewed responses, suggesting limited utility categories. Generally, removing poorly does harm external validity, IRT reduces measurement error...

Abstract. A multi-hazard, multi-vulnerability impact model has been developed for application to European volcanoes that could significantly damage human settlements. This is based on volcanological analyses of the potential hazards and hazard intensities coupled with engineering vulnerability these residential buildings in four locations threatened by explosive volcanic eruptions. For a given case study site, inputs are population data, building characteristics, volcano scenarios as series...

Young people are generally reluctant to seek professional help when experiencing problems. However, past experience of services is often cited as increasing the intention help, therefore those with a history mental health referral may adopt more adaptive seeking strategies. The current study investigated whether pattern different strategies and barriers differed function previous history. Semi-structured interviews were conducted 29 emerging adults (12 males, 17 females); 12 without analysed...

Older adults tend to have more avoidant attachment styles, which may make them vulnerable becoming isolated and lonely increase the risk for developing mental health problems. This study used intensive interviews logistic regression explore how insecure styles were associated with poor social support, isolation, loneliness depression. Avoidantly, attached at an increased isolation. Specifically, older Angry-Dismissive style likely be experience Attachment should taken into consideration when...

Background Students often simultaneously deal with shifting support networks, stressful life changes and psychological distress which may affect academic achievement. Methods: 285 students completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to assess depression Computerized Life Events Assessment Record (CLEAR), establish events supportive relationships. Module grades were used measure A general linear model was student grade as dependent variable events, relationships independent variables....

Abstract. A major hazard during the eruption of explosive volcanoes is formation pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). Casualties and physical building damage from PDCs are caused by temperature, pressure, particle load flow. This paper examines vulnerability buildings occupants to forces imposed along with associated infiltration PDC gas mixtures into an intact building. New studies presented occupant respect ash concentration. Initial mitigation recommendations provided.

In the year ending March 2020, an estimated 773,000 people in England and Wales were sexually assaulted. These types of crimes have lasting effects on victims' mental health, including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder. There is a large body literature which identifies several factors associated with likelihood victim reporting sexual assault to police, these differences may be due rape myth stereotypes perpetuate belief that only "real" under certain conditions. Less...

Commercial content moderators are exposed to a range of stressors at work, including analysing that has been flagged as harmful. However, not much is known about their specific coping strategies. Depth interviews were conducted with 11 child sexual abuse material (CSAM) part job, and thematically analysed investigate both individual strategies those deployed organisationally. Results highlighted the importance social support validation role, well creating boundaries between work home life....

Background: Little is known about effective treatment for personality-disordered (PD) offenders. We aimed to obtain the perspective of service users and staff on: (a) experience receiving treatment; (b) delivering treatment, within new forensic services PD Material: Thematic analysis was applied qualitative interviews with 30 22 staff. Discussion: Service perceived that they were making positive changes in areas anger management, communication, self-harm, self-esteem insight into their...

Attachment frameworks are increasingly used to understand human development and by social workers in care planning for children young people care. To date, there have been few assessment tools that can use easily therefore little sustained of attachment practitioners residential This paper describes the Style Interview (ASI) adolescents Vulnerable Questionnaire (VASQ) self-report a pilot study UK Isle Man. The aim was test these relatively new measures practice contexts administered...

Content moderators (CMs) analyze and remove offensive or harmful user generated content that has been uploaded to the internet. Jobs which involve exposure other people's suffering are associated with raised rates of secondary traumatic stress mental health problems. However, research establishing psychological baseline symptoms in CMs is lacking. This study used an online survey explore distress, trauma, well-being a sample CMs. Regression analysis explored how various features work...

Background Given the criticisms of life event checklists and costs associated with interviews, research requires a sophisticated but easy-to-use measure for clinical practice. Therefore, Computerized Life Events Assessment Record (CLEAR), based on Difficulties Schedule (LEDS), was developed. Objective The objective our study to test CLEAR’s reliability, validity, association depression. Methods CLEAR, General Health Questionnaire, List Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were...