A5080830640- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2016-2020
Johns Hopkins University
2016-2020
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2014
University of California, Berkeley
2014
A latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4
Significance The HIV-1 latent reservoir cannot be eradicated by antiretroviral therapy (ART). is a major barrier to cure. To characterize the mechanisms that contribute persistence of reservoir, we examined clonally expanded cell populations carrying replication-competent and followed them longitudinally. Expanded clones harboring were identified in all study participants, but these emerge wane on time scale years. A similar pattern was viruses sampled from residual viremia. findings suggest...
Clonal expansion of infected CD4+ T cells is a major mechanism HIV-1 persistence and barrier to achieving cure. Potential causes are homeostatic proliferation, effects integration, interaction with antigens. Here, we show that it possible link antigen responsiveness, the full proviral sequence, integration site, cell receptor β-chain (TCRβ) sequence examine role recurrent antigenic exposure in maintaining reservoir. We isolated CMV- Gag-responding from 10 treated individuals. Proviral...
Latent replication-competent HIV-1 proviruses in different memory T cell subsets show no differences viral gene transcription after activation.
Microalgae in the genus Nannochloropsis are photosynthetic marine Eustigmatophytes of significant interest to bioenergy and aquaculture sectors due their ability efficiently accumulate biomass lipids for utilization renewable transportation fuels, feed, other useful bioproducts. To better understand genetic complement that drives metabolic processes these organisms, we present assembly comparative pangenomic analysis chloroplast mitochondrial genomes from salina CCMP1776. The N. 98.4% 97%...
HIV-1 infection remains incurable owing to the persistence of a viral reservoir that harbors integrated provirus within host cellular DNA. Increasing evidence links sex-based differences in immune responses and pathogenesis; however, little is known about persistence. Here, we quantified persistent 90 adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy Rakai, Uganda (57 female patients). Total DNA was by PCR, replication-competent quantitative outgrowth assay (QVOA). Immune phenotyping T cell...
While antiretroviral therapy (ART) can reduce HIV-1 to undetectable levels, the virus generally reappears if treatment is stopped. Resurgence of due reactivation T cells harboring latent integrated provirus, and recent studies indicate that proliferation these latently infected helps maintain reservoir. In this issue JCI, Lee et al. evaluated CD4+ cell subsets determine whether certain populations are more likely harbor full-length, replication-competent provirus. The authors identified an...
Abstract Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 latent reservoir (LR) in resting CD4+ T cells is a barrier to cure. LR measurements are commonly performed on blood samples and therefore may miss latently infected residing tissues, including lymph nodes. Methods We determined the frequency of intact HIV-1 proviruses proviral inducibility matched peripheral (PB) node (LN) from 10 HIV-1-infected patients antiretroviral therapy (ART) using DNA assay novel quantitative viral...
Abstract Clonal expansion of infected CD4 + T cells is a major mechanism HIV-1 persistence and barrier to cure. Potential causes are homeostatic proliferation, effects integration, interaction with antigens. Here we show that it possible link antigen responsiveness, full proviral sequence, integration site, cell receptor β-chain (TCRβ) sequence examine the role recurrent antigenic exposure in maintaining reservoir. We isolated Cytomegalovirus (CMV)- Gag-responding from 10 treated...