Abstract Background Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are a class of phytochemicals that formed as esters between different derivatives cinnamic acid and quinic molecules. In plants, accumulation these compounds has been linked to several physiological responses against various stress factors; however, biochemical synthesis differs from one plant another. Although structurally simple, the analysis CGA molecules with modern analytical platforms poses an challenge. The objective study was perform...

Plants contain a myriad of metabolites which exhibit diverse biological activities. However, in-depth analyses these natural products with current analytical platforms remains an undisputed challenge due to the multidimensional chemo-diversity molecules, amplified by both isomerization and conjugation. In this study, we looked at molecules such as hydroxyl-cinnamic acids (HCAs), are known exist positional geometrical isomers conjugated different organic namely quinic- isocitric acid.The...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important dietary source of bioactive phytochemicals and active breeding programs constantly produce new cultivars possessing superior desirable traits. The phytopathogenic Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent bacterial wilt, a highly destructive disease with high economic impact on tomato production. This study followed untargeted metabolomic approach involving four aimed at identification secondary metabolites involved in plant defense after...

Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial microbes in the rhizosphere that can directly or indirectly stimulate plant growth. In addition, some prime plants for enhanced defense against a broad range of pathogens and insect herbivores. this study, four PGPR strains (Pseudomonas fluorescens N04, P. koreensis N19, Paenibacillus alvei T19, Lysinibacillus sphaericus T22) were used to induce priming Solanum lycopersicum (cv. Moneymaker) plants. Plants inoculated with each PGPRs,...

The rhizosphere is a highly complex and biochemically diverse environment that facilitates plant-microbe microbe-microbe interactions, this region found between plant roots the bulk soil. Several studies have reported root exudation metabolite secretion by rhizosphere-inhabiting microbes, suggesting these metabolites play vital role in interactions. However, biochemical constellation of soil yet to be fully elucidated thus remains extremely elusive. In regard, effects growth-promoting...

The rhizosphere microbiome is a major determinant of plant health. Plant-beneficial or growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) influence growth, development and adaptive responses, such as induced resistance/priming. These new eco-friendly choices have highlighted volatile organic compounds (biogenic VOCs) potentially inexpensive, effective efficient substitute for the use agrochemicals. Secreted bacterial VOCs are low molecular weight lipophilic with boiling point high vapor pressures. As...

Metabolomics has developed into a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of plant metabolism. Plant innate immune defenses can be activated and enhanced so that, subsequent to being pre-sensitized, plants are able launch stronger faster defense response upon exposure pathogenic microorganisms, phenomenon known as priming. Here, three contrasting chemical activators, namely acibenzolar-S-methyl, azelaic acid riboflavin, were used induce primed state in Nicotiana tabacum cells....

Plants have evolved both constitutive and inducible defence strategies to cope with different biotic stimuli stresses. Exposure of a plant challenging stress can lead primed state that allows it launch more rapid stronger defence. Here we applied metabolomic approach study compare the responses induced in Nicotiana tabacum cells by microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecules, namely lipopolysaccharides (LPS), chitosan (CHT) flagellin-22 (FLG22). Early response metabolites,...

Plants continuously produce essential metabolites that regulate their growth and development. The enrichment of specific determines plant interactions with the immediate environment, some become critical in defence responses against biotic abiotic stresses. Here, an untargeted UHPLC-qTOF-MS approach was employed to profile wheat cultivars resistant or susceptible pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) Aluminium (Al3+) toxicity. Multivariate statistical analysis (MVDA) tools, viz....

Plant-microbe interactions are a phenomenal display of symbiotic/parasitic relationships between living organisms. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) some the most widely investigated plant-beneficial microbes due to their capabilities in stimulating plant growth and development conferring protection plants against biotic abiotic stresses. As such, PGPR-mediated priming/induced systemic resistance (ISR) has become hot topic among researchers, particularly with prospects applications...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important dietary source which contains numerous bioactive phytochemicals. Active breeding programs constantly produce new cultivars possessing superior and desirable traits. However, the underlying molecular signatures that functionally describe these traits are yet to be elucidated. Thus, in this study we used untargeted metabolomic approach differential metabolic profiles of four described as having high intermediate resistance Ralstonia solanacearum....

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is an economically devasting disease that prominent in cereal crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum). The fungal pathogen can cause approximately 30-70% losses crop productivity and yields. Pst has become difficult to manage due its ease of transmission through wind dispersal over long distances, intercontinental been previously reported. resulted further destruction because new more virulent strains infecting resistant a different strain.In this...

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can stimulate disease suppression through the induction of an enhanced state defense readiness. Here, untargeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) and targeted chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole mass (UHPLC–QqQ-MS) were used investigate metabolic reprogramming in tomato plant tissues response priming by Pseudomonas fluorescens N04 Paenibacillus alvei T22 against Phytophthora capsici. Roots treated...

Pathogenic microorganisms account for large production losses in the agricultural sector. Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete that causes blight and fruit rot important crops, especially those Solanaceae family. P. infection difficult to control due genetic diversity, arising from sexual reproduction, resistant spores remain dormant soil. In this study, metabolomics of tomato plants responding by were investigated. Non-targeted metabolomics, based on liquid chromatography coupled mass...

Plants perceive pathogenic threats from the environment that have evaded preformed barriers through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognise microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). The perception of and triggered defence to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) as a MAMP is well-studied in mammals, but little known plants, including PRR(s). Understanding LPS-induced secondary metabolites perturbed metabolic pathways Arabidopsis will be key generating disease-resistant plants improving...

The fruits of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt have been used to treat several aliments in traditional medicine whereas rehmannii Cogn. are consumed as food due their high starch content. also known contain vast amounts indispensable bioactive compounds that various cosmetics, foods, and medicines. Among these hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) which usually conjugated/esterified quinic acid (QA), tartaric acid, citric shikimic sugars collectively referred chlorogenic (CGAs). Over the years, metabolite...