A5084104464- Hepatitis C virus research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Hemophilia Treatment and Research
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2011-2024
University of Cincinnati
1993-2022
Sabin Vaccine Institute
2009-2018
Centre For Digestive Diseases
2012-2016
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2004
Harvard University
2004
National Cancer Institute
2004
Pennsylvania State University
2004
Northwestern University
2001
Cincinnati VA Medical Center
1985-1999
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has emerged as an important etiologic agent of liver injury and failure in patients infected with human immunodeficiency (HIV). The prevalence characteristics HCV a representative cohort HIV-infected have not been described. Therefore, sample 1687 was studied; 213-sample subcohort selected by use risk-based sampling from 2 large prospective US Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group clinical trials. prevalence, RNA level, genotype were determined. weighted overall estimate...
Indinavir is a viral protease inhibitor used for the treatment of HIV infection. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia develops in up to 25% patients receiving indinavir, prompting drug discontinuation and further clinical evaluation some instances. We postulated that this side-effect due indinavir-mediated impairment bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activity would be most pronounced individuals with reduced hepatic enzyme levels, as occurs ≈10% population manifesting Gilbert's...
Patients with overt alcoholic liver disease who had participated in a multicenter therapeutic trial and subgroups of controls (i.e., patients without neither alcoholism nor disease) were tested for hepatitis B virus C antibodies to determine the prevalence these any clinical association progression outcome disease. Antibodies (anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc) found 29.2% disease, 26.1% hospitalized 24.2% nonalcoholic disease; frequencies not significantly different from one another. HBsAg was...
Patients with moderate to severe alcoholic hepatitis and features of protein‐calorie malnutrition were studied respect changes in their nutritional status during 30 days hospitalization. Thirty‐four patients served as controls, given a 2500 kcal hospital diet allowed eat ad libitum. Twenty‐three given, addition the diet, nutrition supplement high calories, protein, branched‐chain amino acids (Hepatic Aid). Because anorexia, controls consumed lesser amounts both calories protein while those...
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers, including occult HBV, has not been described in diverse cohorts among HIV-infected patients. The objective this study was to assess prevalence and significance active HBV infection an HIV-positive US cohort. A random sample taken from 2 prospective multicenter treatment intervention cohorts. population (n = 240) HIV-1 infected highly antiretroviral therapy-naive. serologic markers quantitative DNA were determined. Serum alanine aminotransferase...
Summary. Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by the absence of detectable surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum, despite HBV DNA. Investigations mechanisms underlying development occult are lacking current literature, although viral mutations region, resulting decreased HBsAg expression or secretion, represent one potential mechanism. Wild‐type vectors were constructed from genotype‐matched chronic sequences. Site‐directed mutagenesis was then utilized to introduce three...
Background. Targeted hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening is recommended. Implementation of in emergency department (ED) settings challenging and controversial. Understanding HCV epidemiology EDs could motivate guide efforts. We characterized the prevalence diagnosed undiagnosed a Midwestern, urban ED. Methods. This was cross-sectional seroprevalence study using de-identified blood samples self-reported health information obtained from consecutively approached ED patients aged 18–64 years....
Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged globally as an important pathogen, since it been recognized a cause of microcephaly and other neurologic processes sequalae in newborns. The shares homology with Hepaciviruses therefore may be hepatitis. We sought to characterize ZIKV replication hepatocyte-derived cell lines. Huh7.5 HepG2 cells were infected potential was evaluated by multiple methods including plaque assay, qRT-PCR, negative-strand RNA production, NS1 protein production. Growth curves...
Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) is defined as low-level HBV DNA without surface antigen (HBsAg). Prevalence estimates vary widely. We determined the prevalence of occult at University Cincinnati Infectious Diseases Center (IDC).Patients in IDC HIV database (n = 3867) were randomly selected using a 25% sampling fraction. Samples pooled for nucleic acid extraction. Pools tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to co-amplify core/surface protein regions. The PCR was run on all...
In the United States, seroprevalence rate for hepatitis E virus (HEV) is approximately 20%. This study examined HEV in persons with and without chronic liver disease. Our data indicate that seropositivity high patients disease increases significantly age.
Summary Hepatitis E virus ( HEV ) has been reported to cause acute and chronic hepatitis in those with HIV infection among solid organ transplant recipients urope. Limited data indicate that is endemic the U nited S tates, but prevalence significance of awaiting transplantation unknown. We evaluated anti‐ IgM IgG antibodies RNA 166 ‐infected candidates enrolled NIH ‐ T ransplant C ohort. Overall approached 20% both liver renal candidates. Evidence recent was present approximately 2% none...
Abstract Background The C-C chemokine receptor Type 5 (CCR5) is a key for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry into T-cells and variant allele, CCR5 delta-32, associated with decreased viral replication disease progression. Active HIV-1 highly accelerated rates of hepatic fibrosis. We postulated that plays role in the development fibrosis evaluated longitudinal effect natural or drug-induced mutation blockade on biomarkers liver patients. Methods To accomplish this goal, we...
Alcohol abuse is described as a major cofactor in the development of hepatitis C (HCV) associated liver disease and may play role outcome interferon-based treatment interventions. The association between HCV viral heterogeneity alcohol has not been previously described. This study was designed to evaluate quasispecies nature population patients with compensated decompensated alcoholic disease, test hypothesis that alcoholics have greater complexity than matched nonalcoholic controls. A...
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C (HCV) has been associated transaminase HCV viral load flares. Previous studies have included highly variable regimens. We compared effects of 2 protease inhibitor-based regimens on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels loads HCV-HIV-coinfected initiating HAART.Seventy HIV-infected positive baseline results enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay from a...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment response rates remain low in HCV/HIV-1-coinfected individuals compared with those HCV alone. Persons inherited coagulation disorders have high of and HIV-1 infection, but trials this patient population are scarce. We hypothesized that differences by infection status viral kinetics would be associated quasispecies complexity over time disparities. Coinfected monoinfected patients were enrolled a trial for pegylated-interferon alpha-2a (peg-IFN) + ribavirin....
Occult hepatitis B virus (O-HBV) infection is characterized by the presence of HBV DNA without detectable surface antigen (HBV DNA+/HBsAg-) in serum. Although O-HBV more prevalent during HBV/HIV co-infection, analysis mutations co-infected patients limited. In this preliminary study, PreSurface (PreS) and (S) regions were amplified from 33 HIV-positive patient serum samples - 27 chronic (C-HBV) six infections. genotype was determined phylogenetic analysis, while quasispecies diversity...