Three different DNA-based techniques, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers, were used for fingerprinting Dactylis glomerata genotypes detecting genetic variation between the three subspecies. In this study, RAPD assays produced 97 bands, of which 40 polymorphic (41.2%). The ISSR primers amplified 91 54 showed polymorphism (59.3%). Finally, AFLP 100 92 (92%). fragments scored as present (1) or absent (0),...

The alterations induced by the toxicity of antimony (Sb) in roots and leaves sunflower plants were determined. grown hydroponically with different concentrations Sb, a heavy metal which reduces biomass production growth. There was preferential accumulation Sb tissues roots, being much lower. other mineral elements also altered, especially that Fe Zn. Chlorophyll content declined, as did photosynthetic efficiency, but carotenoid remained unaltered. total phenolics, flavonoids, phenylpropanoid...

Olive oils have been shown to be more resistant oxidation than other vegetable fats, mainly due their fatty acid (FA) profile which is rich in oleic and high content of antioxidants, principally phenols tocopherols. This has situated virgin olive (VOOs) among the fats nutritional quality. However, it important stress that oil's commercial category (olive oil, extra-virgin oil), variety source plant, extraction-conservation systems all decisively influence concentration these antioxidants...

Roots of intact olive seedlings, axenically cultured, were alternatively placed in contact with Rhizophagus irregularis (mycorrhizal) or Verticillim dahliae (pathogenic) fungi. MeJA treatments also included. In vivo redox activities the apoplast roots (anion superoxide generation, dismutase and peroxidase activities) measured. All our results showed that apoplastic seedling compatible mycorrhizal fungus clearly attenuated comparison pathogenic treated MeJA, even at early stages treatment...

This research studies the effects that Sb toxicity (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mM) has on growth, reactive oxygen nitrogen species, antioxidant systems in tomato plants. is accumulated preferentially roots, with little capacity for its translocation to leaves where concentration much lower. The growth of seedlings reduced, alteration content other nutrients. There a decrease Fe, Mg, Mn, while Cu Zn increase. contents chlorophyll b decrease, as does photosynthetic efficiency. On contrary carotenoids...

Carotenoids are lipophilic plastidial isoprenoids highly valued as nutrients and natural pigments. A correct balance of chlorophylls carotenoids is required for photosynthesis therefore regulated, making carotenoid enrichment green tissues challenging. Here we show that leaf levels can be boosted through engineering their biosynthesis outside the chloroplast. Transient expression experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves indicated high extraplastidial production requires an enhanced supply...

Dittrichia plants were exposed to thallium (Tl) stress (10, 50, and 100 µM) for 7 days. The Tl toxicity altered the absorption accumulation of other nutrients. In both roots leaves, there was a decline in K, Mg, Fe content, but an increase Ca, Mn, Zn. Chlorophylls decreased, as did photosynthetic efficiency, while carotenoids increased. Oxidative reflected increased lipid peroxidation. There more production superoxide (O2.−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) than with increases...

A study was made of how water status (rainfed vs. irrigated) and crop load (no cluster thinning thinning) can together affect the grapes Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo vines growing in a semiarid zone Extremadura (Spain). The were monitored at different stages ripening, measuring peroxidase (POX) superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant activities phenolic content (flavonoids phenylpropanoids), with other parameters. irrigation regime adjusted to provide 100% evapotranspiration (ETc). findings...

Currently, there is an increasing presence of heavy metals and metalloids in soils water due to anthropogenic activities. However, the biggest problem caused by this increase difficulty recycling these elements their high permanence soils. There are plants with great capacity assimilate or make them less accessible other organisms. We analyzed behavior Solanum lycopersicum L., a crop agronomic interest, under stress antimony (Sb). evaluated antioxidant response throughout different exposure...

Tomatoes have been described as a functional food because of their particular composition different bioactive compounds. In this study, the proximate composition, minerals and trace elements, antioxidant compounds were determined in two tomato cultivars (Mariana Dunkan) that grown Gran Canaria (Spain) either conventionally or hydroponically. Although compositional data type require being subjected to specific statistical techniques analysis, approach has not usually considered context....

There are a large number of tomato cultivars with wide range morphological, chemical, nutritional and sensorial characteristics. Many factors known to affect the nutrient content cultivars. A complete understanding effect these would require an exhaustive experimental design, multidisciplinary scientific approach suitable statistical method. Some multivariate analytical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) or Factor (FA) have been widely applied in order search for patterns...

In most angiosperms, the endosperm develops before embryo, but with harmony between two structures until final seed formation. an embryological study, we show that inbreeding depression causes disharmony in development of Leguminosae shrubs, Cytisus multiflorus and C. striatus. Our main objective was to test self-sterility species by comparing self seeds cross seeds. developing selfed multiflorus, embryo reaches at globular stage never forms mature seeds, while striatus a few are formed....

Dittrichia viscosa plants were grown hydroponically with different concentrations of Sb. There was preferential accumulation Sb in roots. Fe and Cu decreased, while Mn decreased roots but not leaves. Chlorophyll content declined, the carotenoid increased, photosynthetic efficiency unaltered. O2●- generation increased slightly, lipid peroxidation only H2O2, NO, ONOO-, S-nitrosothiols, H2S showed significant increases, enzymatic antioxidant system altered. In roots, superoxide dismutase (SOD)...

The contamination of soils with dry olive-mill residue can represent a serious problem as being an environmental stressor in plants. It has been demonstrated that inoculation aqueous extract olive oil-mill (ADOR) saprobe fungi removes some phenolic compounds. In this paper we studied the effect ADOR uninoculated or inoculated sunflower seedling roots. germination and root growth, O2·- generation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) extracellular peroxidases (EC-POXs) activities, content metabolites...

Abstract Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum Mill) is an important crop in terms of its economic and nutritional value. Many factors, including cultivar, climate, geography, geochemistry, agricultural practice, can affect nutrient concentrations. An HJ‐biplot study was performed to examine the effects cultivar (Dorothy, Boludo, Dominique, Thomas, Dunkan), practices, climatic their interactions. Significant differences were analyzed using a one‐way ANOVA. All samples collected assayed at same...

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: To compare the effect of water restriction and defoliation on phenol contents oxidant antioxidant activities Tempranillo grapes grown in region Extremadura, Spain.</p><p justify;"><strong>Methods results</strong>: The results showed that at harvest, treatment altered total foliar area, pH, soluble solid (TSS) but not polyphenol oxidase (PPO) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. By contrast, did...

Esca is a multi-fungal disease affecting grapevines. The objective of the study was to evaluate physiological and molecular response grapevine cv. Tempranillo esca disease, carried out in vineyard under Mediterranean climatic conditions western Spain. photosynthetic pigments leaves decreased, with strong decrease efficiency. proline content increased significantly early stages affected leaves, being possibly involved maintenance lipid peroxidation levels which do not increase. phenol,...

The effects of angling on oxidative/antioxidant systems in tench (Tinca tinca) were tested to determine oxidative stress. A total 50 (1-year-old, 16 cm TL) captured a 1800 m2 pond and transferred an aerated tank for sampling (n = 5) 3 h later. Forty-five the stocked recaptured 5 per sample) 2, 7, 17 days thereafter. remaining five used as control. Superoxide anion, superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxides determined liver, brain, white muscle, gills. Results indicated that there changes...

The phenolic composition and content of olive fruit are some the attributes that determine oil quality. This depends on variety, cultivation system, fruit's ripeness. study considered two varieties (Manzanilla Morisca), under water regimes (irrigated rainfed), harvested at three stages maturation (S1, S2, S3), over consecutive campaigns (2011, 2012, 2013). accumulation phenols in was found to depend only stage ripeness, while flavonoid phenylpropanoid contents depended also variety regime....