A5044336603- Conservation Techniques and Studies
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Building materials and conservation
- Color Science and Applications
- Textile materials and evaluations
- Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
- Art History and Market Analysis
- Historical Art and Architecture Studies
- 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
- Architecture and Art History Studies
- Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers
- Museums and Cultural Heritage
- Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
- Petroleum Processing and Analysis
- Photography and Visual Culture
- Color perception and design
- Dental materials and restorations
- High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
- Polymer composites and self-healing
- Photographic and Visual Arts
- Medical research and treatments
- Conferences and Exhibitions Management
- Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
Museum Conservation Institute
2008-2024
Smithsonian Institution
1995-2020
Oil paints dry by polymerization. This 'drying' process may be substantially complete and the surface of paint film to touch within weeks, but measurable changes continue for years. Other, slower processes also continue, primarily hydrolysis glyceride esters. produces carboxylic acid groups as either free fatty acids (in case that have not reacted otherwise) or bound crosslinked oil matrix engaged in polymerization reactions). These react with pigments form carboxylate salts (called soaps a...
Abstract Understanding how the evolving molecular composition of an oil paint layer on its transition to aged solid film affects dimensional change and mechanical properties is fundamental assessment material durability more broadly risk degradation paintings. Tensile properties—modulus elasticity strain at break—as well as cumulative shrinkage were determined for a selection paints from Mecklenburg’s Paint Reference Collection now after approximately 30 years drying. The found get stiffer...
The determination of an optimal value relative humidity for the preservation museum objects is more complex than other environmental factors. Relative affects in many ways, and effects vary different types object. rates chemical reactions, values physical properties such as size, strength stiffness. Extremes either low or high can be damaging. Changing may decrease damage due to one factor while increasing others. This paper examines ways which degradation processes material, limits each...
The present volume brings together the papers and posters presented at "Cleaning 2010 International—New Insights into Cleaning of Paintings" conference that was held Universidad Politécnica de Valencia in Spain, collaboration with Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute. This first major international on this topic two decades. 20 19 extended abstracts are included publication, grouped four main categories: Ethics, Aesthetics, Training, Documentation; Traditional Media: Egg Tempera Oil;...
The drying shrinkage accumulation from exposure of freshly prepared gesso layers to relative humidity (RH) cycles was determined elucidate the mechanism craquelure pattern formation on panel paintings. progresive is observed only under going high RH levels which bring about transitions brittle ductile state material. first incidence fracture occurred after a limited number ranging between few and 100 for range layer thickness 0.5 1 mm. patterns stabilised also (30 1-mm thick layer). Upon...
The presence of zinc oxide oil paint and the condition problems observed in a group paintings from collection hirshhorn Museum sculpture garden prompted analytical examination museum's mid-20th century holdings. results reveal link between upper layer deterioration underlying layers, suggest that certain visible signs may signal more serious widespread problems. popularity house among mid-century artists creates higher probability this type works period.
ABSTRACT It is frequently assumed that sensitive museum materials follow the reciprocity principle of light exposures. Thus, equivalent exposure doses obtained by using either high-illuminance levels for short periods time or lower illumination longer exhibition are believed to cause similar degrees damage an object. Microfading spectrometry permitted investigation this phenomenon evaluation light-induced changes in a series samples. The effects on such as Blue Wool 1, LightCheck Ultra, and...
Lead compounds or pigments alter the drying behavior and physical properties of oil paints varnishes, enabling artists craftsmen to tailor most suited for their purposes. Investigations into mechanism these changes have, however, often been contradictory misleading. Using modern theories driers, lead additives can be interpreted classified.
Abstract Mechanical damage in oil paintings on canvas show up as cracks and loss of original paint. Several parameters can contribute to this type degradation. These have a complex layered structure, typically composed minimum four or more hygroscopic materials, each which has different (non-linear) material properties geometrical complexities. The mechanical degradation occurs because these materials diverse responses under fluctuating environmental conditions, especially temperature...
ABSTRACT The use of inert gases for displaying sensitive objects and the treatment artifacts infected with bio-deteriorating agents is a current practice in many cultural institutions around world. However, some may also experience color changes as result exposure to light these reducing environments. Therefore, it becomes essential evaluate stability an object under anoxic conditions prior its exhibition. This study dealt development procedure based on micro-fading spectroscopy determine...
AbstractAbstractProcesses that occur in oil paints after the initial drying stage include hydrolysis of glyceride ester linkages, formation soaps, and volatilization low molecular weight compounds. The nature, amounts distribution soluble components paint films serve as indicators relative rates extent these processes. Comparisons naturally aged with at an elevated temperature (80°C) indicate thermal aging distorts processes does not accurately simulate natural paint. relevance to...
The environmental effects of temperature and relative humidity on the mechanical response paintings photographs were examined using numerical methods computer analysis. basic mathematical approach is introduced that defines material parameters necessary to conduct such an Methods determining dimensional properties materials with comments increasing measurement. accuracy are discussed. Using measured for photographs, complete analyses conducted modeled physical changing humidity. calculated...