Abstract Understanding how the evolving molecular composition of an oil paint layer on its transition to aged solid film affects dimensional change and mechanical properties is fundamental assessment material durability more broadly risk degradation paintings. Tensile properties—modulus elasticity strain at break—as well as cumulative shrinkage were determined for a selection paints from Mecklenburg’s Paint Reference Collection now after approximately 30 years drying. The found get stiffer...

Abstract Understanding canvas paintings as physical systems is fundamental to develop evidence-based environmental specifications for museums. A number of tests were carried out determine mechanical properties canvas, sized with animal glue and glue-based ground layer (gesso) a function relative humidity (RH). The the samples tested exhibited an anisotropy dependent on measurement direction, being stiffness corresponding weft direction greater than warp diagonal ones. Sizing significantly...

Abstract Mechanical damage in oil paintings on canvas show up as cracks and loss of original paint. Several parameters can contribute to this type degradation. These have a complex layered structure, typically composed minimum four or more hygroscopic materials, each which has different (non-linear) material properties geometrical complexities. The mechanical degradation occurs because these materials diverse responses under fluctuating environmental conditions, especially temperature...

Abstract A framework was developed to evaluate and compare cleaning systems system delivery methods, collectively referred as varnish removal within art conservation practice. This applied two water-based systems, optimised for the of dammar from an artificially aged brown earth oil paint, including surfactant-containing microemulsion, Polar Coating B (from Nanorestore Cleaning series) delivered via chemical gel, Higher Water Retention (HWR) Gel Dry series), a surfactant-free microemulsion...

Jens Juel (1745–1802) was a prominent Danish portrait painter, mainly known for creating over 600 portraits during his prolific four-decade career. This study investigated 22 canvas paintings by the artist, majority of which are well preserved despite displaying typical signs ageing like cracking. Crack formation in results from combination external factors, such as environmental conditions, and inherent properties, including composition painting materials. Different materials used layers...

This research addresses the issue of heritage preventive conservation in perspective energy sustainability, for contributing to achievement Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and towards EU Green Deal. The study analyses compares four cases associated with different microclimate thresholds as suggested by standard EN 16893:2018 (Cases 1–3) derived from outputs three degradation models preserving paper, wood, canvas paintings (Case 4). Weather-based indices (degree gram days) were...

Abstract In recent years there has been growing interest in the development of devices and software packages that allow museum decision-makers to manage environmental conditions collections estimate evolution degradation objects. A system able monitor but also provide warnings recommendations about failure boundaries would optimize conservation actions strategies thus ensuring proper long term. CollectionCare project aims develop an innovative affordable decision support for preventive...

The application of mass spectrometry–based proteomics to artworks provides accurate and detailed characterization protein-based materials used in their production. This is highly valuable plan conservation strategies reconstruct the artwork’s history. In this work, proteomic analysis canvas paintings from Danish Golden Age led confident identification cereal yeast proteins ground layer. profile points a (by-)product beer brewing, agreement with local artists’ manuals. use unconventional...

Abstract Nanoindentation and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to measure changes in the surface bulk properties of Winsor & Newton Yellow Ochre oil paint films following exposure deionized water, aliphatic mineral spirits (Shellsol D40™), D5 silicone solvent (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane). ochre exposed selected solvents by 24-h immersion, sponge-cleaning. immersion deionised water Shellsol D40 caused measurable properties. However, there no or sponge cleaning.

This study explores the materials used in preparation layers of nine paintings from Danish Golden Age as a first approach to understanding variation use nineteenth century well potential for their degradation. Paintings on canvas have traditionally been suspected be particularly sensitive high moisture levels because changing quality century. The explanations partly included mechanisation production methods and more experimental painting. Additionally, collagen-based glue sizing is respond...

Abstract In this paper different scenarios for back protection of a canvas painting and their effect on the stability relative humidity behind are tested. A canvas, stretched wooden frame, was fitted with various styles then exposed to cycle temperature variation at back, front constant room temperature. The also wall varying space between board (RH) sensors. sensors were used provide essential single-point data RH given locations. For more comprehensive understanding rather confined space,...

Mechanical properties and the structure of materials are key elements in understanding how structural interventions conservation treatments affect cultural heritage objects. In this context, engineering mechanics can help determine strength stability found art objects as it provide both explanation prediction failure materials. It has therefore shown to be an effective method for developing useful solutions problems. Since science conservators predict long term consequences their them with...

In the present paper we focus on necessity of conservators-restorers to be equipped with scientific research tools such as observation skills from beginning and throughout their education. We exemplify this two cases applied conservation-restoration practice in parchment wax-resin lining paintings, respectively, show that constitute an essential precondition not only for practicing but also performance a number other activities professional life conservator-restorer.