The aim of this study was to quantify typical training load and periodisation practices MMA athletes. competitors (n = 14; age 22.4 ± 4.4 years; body mass 71.3 7.7 kg; stature 171 ±9.9 cm) were observed during for 8 consecutive weeks without intervention. Seven athletes competitive bouts whilst the remaining 7 not. Daily duration, intensity (RPE), (sRPE segRPE), fatigue (short questionnaire fatigue) region soreness (CR10 scale) recorded. Using Bayesian analyses (BF 10 ≥3), data demonstrate...

Much less is known about strength and conditioning (S&C) practice in women's versus men's soccer. The aim of this study was to compare S&C between coaches working or soccer, at first team academy level, worldwide.A total 170 participants, who were involved with support their soccer club (in Europe, USA South America, within settings) completed a comprehensive online survey, designed evaluate (i) academic qualifications coaching experience; preferred methods for (ii) physical testing; (iii)...

McQuilliam, SJ, Clark, DR, Erskine, RM, and Brownlee, TE. The effect of high vs. moderate-intensity resistance training on strength, power muscle soreness in male academy soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1250-1258, 2023-The aims this study were to investigate the impact high-intensity, low-volume (HRT) vs . moderate-intensity, high-volume (MRT) only (control group [CON]) changes power, speed compare delayed onset (DOMS) between groups players (ASP). Twenty-two ASP (age: 18 ± 1...

Core stability training has grown in popularity over 25 years, initially for back pain prevention or therapy. Subsequently, it developed as a mode of exercise health, fitness and sport. The scientific basis traditional core recently been questioned challenged, especially relation to dynamic athletic performance. Reviews have called clarity on what constitutes anatomy function the core, healthy uninjured people. Clinical research suggests that is inappropriate development heath sports...

The force-velocity relationship of muscular contraction has been extensively studied. However, previous research focussed either on isolated muscle or single-joint movements, whereas human movement consists multi-joint movements (e.g. squatting). Therefore, the purpose this study was to investigate isovelocity squatting.Fifteen male participants (24 ± 2 years, 79.8 9.1 kg, 177.5 6 cm) performed squats a novel motorised device (Kineo Training System) at three concentric (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 m...

We investigated the effect of collagen hydrolysate supplementation on changes in patellar tendon (PT) properties after 10 weeks' training female soccer players from a Football Association Women's Super League Under 21 s squad. pair-matched n = 17 (age: ± 0.9 years; height: 1.66 0.06 m; mass: 58.8 8.1 kg) for baseline knee extension (KE) maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) torque, age, height, and body mass, randomly assigned them to (COL) or placebo (PLA) groups (COL 8, PLA 9)....

Resistance exercise (RE) stimulates collagen synthesis in skeletal muscle and tendon but there is limited equivocal evidence regarding an effect of supplementation on synthesis. Furthermore, it not known if a dose-response exists the hydrolyzed (HC) ingestion RE

Abstract We investigated the effects of resistance exercise (RE), hydrolysed collagen (HC) ingestion and circulating oestrogen concentration on synthesis in a naturally menstruating female CrossFit athlete. In double‐blind, randomised cross‐over design, participant (36 years; height 1.61 m; mass 82.6 kg) consumed 0 or 30 g HC prior to performing back‐squat RE when endogenous was low (onset menses, OM) high (late follicular phase, LF) during two consecutive menstrual cycles. Ten 5‐mL blood...

Trunk muscle activation (TMA) has been reported during back squat exercise, however reliability and sensitivity to different loads alongside kinematic measures not. Hence the aim was determine interday load of TMA kinematics squats. 10 males performed 3 test sessions: 1) 1RM, 2) 3) reps at 65, 75, 85 95% system mass max (SMmax). Kinematics were measured from an electrogoniometer linear transducer, surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded 4 muscles trunk: rectus abdominis (RA), external...

Scientific guidelines exist regarding strength and conditioning (S&C) best practice, for both first team academy level soccer. However, it is not known if these research-informed are followed in such applied settings. The aim of this study was to investigate current S&C practice (men's women's) soccer, multiple countries/continents. A total 170 participants, who were involved with the delivery support at their soccer club, completed a comprehensive survey, describing training...

Clark, DR, Lambert, MI, and Hunter, AM. Trunk muscle activation in the back hack squat at same relative loads. J Strength Cond Res 33(7S): S60-S69, 2019-The (HS) is likely to produce a greater 1 repetition maximum (1RM) compared with (BS). This can be attributed support of trunk during HS no BS. support, however, may compromise (TMA), therefore producing different training adaptations. Accordingly, purpose this study was compare 1RM BS TMA 4 loads, 65, 75, 85, 95% maximal system mass. Ten...

Introduction Accentuated-eccentric loading (AEL) takes advantage of the high force producing potential eccentric muscle contractions, potentially maximising mechanical tension within muscle. However, evidence is lacking on how AEL squatting may load involved musculature, limiting scientifically justified programming recommendations. The purpose this study was to investigate effects concentric and loads joint activity lower limbs. Methods Resistance trained males performed traditional...

Increases in high-intensity locomotor activity of match play have been recorded elite soccer. This places an onus on academy practitioners to develop players for the future demands game. At level, data are not available analysis over a longitudinal period, and thus changes can only be assessed with physical attribute assessment. The aim present study is establish if capacity were observed professional Scottish soccer ten-year period.

The influence of aerobic variables on mixed martial arts (MMA) performance is currently unknown. This study aimed to compare the laboratory-measured MMA participants external load and intensity sparring bouts determine effect capacity performance. Ten (age = 24 ± 2.8 years; mass 74.3 8.2 kg; stature 176.8 7.9 cm) completed following: a treadmill-graded exercise test measure V̇O

Despite its growing popularity and participation rates, mixed martial arts (MMA) coaching has not been the subject of much critical scholarly analysis. Accordingly, knowledge this activity is limited, inadequate, as a means understanding MMA context, supporting those coaches who practice in it. To begin to address gap, we report an initial exploration based upon three interviews with four experienced U.K.-based (12 total). Via reflexive thematic analysis generated themes: (1) developed their...

Abstract Purpose In this study we measured neural activation (EMG) in four trunk stabilizer muscles and vastus lateralis (VL) trained novice participants during a set of squat repetitions to volitional fatigue at 85% 1RM. Methods Forty males were recruited into two groups, (NG: n = 21) experienced (EG: 19), according relative Participants tested twice to: (1) determine 1RM, (2) complete single Relative 1RM; NG < 140% body mass, EG > 160% mass. Neuromuscular was by EMG for the...

As a multidisciplined combat sport, relationships between external and internal training loads intensities of mixed martial arts (MMA) have not been described. The aim this study was to determine the MMA categories their relationship intensities.

Differences exist between top-tier soccer leagues (e.g. anthropometry and match demands), which may influence strength conditioning (S&C) practice. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether current S&C practice in men's women's (first team academy) squads differed global regions. A total 170 participants, involved delivery support at their club (based on South America (SA), USA, UK, or other European countries (EUR)), completed a survey examining methods. The comprised...

This study measured how back squat strength (1RM) affected trunk muscle activation in performing squats, jump (SJ), and countermovement (CMJ). Fifty males, completed two test sessions. Squat 1RM was tested first. Participants were assigned to three groups: (a) strong group (SG), (b) middle (MG), or (c) weak (WG), based on relative 1RM. Test 2: EMG data collected for four sites; rectus abdominus, external oblique, lumbar sacral erector spinae, upper spinae while (3 reps) SJ, CMJ, squats at...

Abstract Purpose The aims of the present study were two-fold: (i) to investigate relationship between physical characteristics and game statistics associated with ball-carrying capability amongst sub-elite rugby union players, (ii) predict level change in these required improve statistic via regression analysis. Methods Thirty-eight senior professional players (forwards, n = 22; backs, 16) assessed for body mass (BM), back squat (BS) single-repetition maximum (1RM) normalised BM (1RM/BM), 10...

Peak Muscle Activity During Stance Phase in Women with Patellofemoral Pain versus Without