A5008767041- Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Membrane Separation Technologies
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis
- Advanced oxidation water treatment
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Catalytic Alkyne Reactions
- Coordination Chemistry and Organometallics
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
- Subcritical and Supercritical Water Processes
- Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
- Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- Oxidative Organic Chemistry Reactions
- Radical Photochemical Reactions
- Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
Centro Tecnológico del Mar
2011-2014
Universidad de Valladolid
2002-2014
Pennsylvania State University
2002
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
1995
Typical radical traps (galvinoxyl, TEMPO, DPPH) react with palladium hydrides, sometimes at rates competitive those of hydride catalyzed reactions that follow an insertion mechanism (for example, alkene isomerization). Thus, positive results for reaction tests can be misleading. The complexes more polarizable (neutral rather than cationic) and accessible the less sterically protected traps, faster.
The polymerization of methyl acrylate by pentafluorophenyl complexes [Pd2(μ-X)2(C6F5)2L2] (L = tetrahydrothiophene (tht), X Cl, 2; L tht, Br, 3; AsPh3, 4) gives atactic polymers in good yields. Mechanistic studies reveal that the starts insertion Pd−aryl bond precatalyst to give alkyl trans-[Pd2(μ-Cl)2{CH(CO2Me)-CH2C6F5}2(tht)2] (5) and trans-[Pd2(μ-Cl)2{CH(C6F5)CH2CO2Me}2(tht)2] (6). These can be isolated, X-ray crystal structure 5 has been determined. Complexes 6 decompose mainly β-H...
The neutral palladium complex [Pd(C6F5)Br(NCMe)2] (1) was found to effect the polymerization of acrylates upon addition 1 equiv a monodentate phosphine or pyridine an excess halide. Methyl methacrylate not polymerized, and furthermore, its stopped progress independently initiated methyl acrylate in phosphine-based system. Addition ethene also inhibited acrylate. However, over 10 mol % incorporation 1-hexene polymer achieved when latter added together with polymerizaion mechanism is discussed.
[Pd(Pf)(NCMe)(N−N)]BF4, (Pf = C6F5; N−N ethylenediamine (en, 1), 2,2′-bipyridine (2), (2,6-iPrC6H3)N═C(Me)C(Me)═N(2,6-iPrC6H3) (diimine, 3)) are very efficient initiators of the radical polymerization alkyl acrylates. Mechanistic studies reveal that methyl acrylate with 1 starts by insertion monomer into Pd−aryl bond catalyst to give [Pd{CH(CO2Me)CH2Pf}(N−N)(NCMe)]BF4, (N−N en (5), diimine (7)). In contrast case for other cationic palladium complexes, presence a Pf group does not allow...
This study focuses on the performance of a submerged membrane photocatalytic reactor for removal 17β-oestradiol (E2) in presence humic acid (HA). In addition to impact operating parameters, such as pore size, ultraviolet (UV) intensity and hydraulic retention time (HRT), influence long-term operation was also assessed by advanced characterization fouling layer formed membrane. The tighter (0.04 μm) hollow fibre polyvinylydene fluoride (PVDF) found exhibit not only higher HA than (0.2 module...
In today’s intrinsically connected world, the Water–Food–Energy–Climate Nexus (WFEC Nexus) concept provides a starting point for informed and transparent decision-making based on trade-offs synergies between different sectors, including aquatic ecosystems, food security, energy production, climate neutrality. The WFEC approach is particularly applicable in regions requiring transboundary water management, such as Central Asia. Unfortunately, this region with unevenly distributed...
Reactions of alkenylsilanes (alkenyl = 2-propenyl, vinyl, allyl) with neutral and cationic palladium aryl complexes [Pd(C6F5)X(NCMe)2] (X Br, 1; Cl, 2), [Pd(C6F5)(acac)(NCMe)] (acac acetylacetonate, 3), [Pd(C6F5)(bipy)(S)]ClO4 (S acetone, 4) were studied. The compounds obtained substituted (formed via Heck substitution) desilylated olefins by transmetalation followed reductive elimination or insertion β-SiMe3 elimination). analysis the structure final organic products provides a quantitative...
Abstract This work reports the performance of a laboratory scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) treating real industrial–municipal mixed wastewater, spiked with 17-β estradiol (E2) in micrograms amounts. In order to compare steady- state conditions both systems, different retention times (SRT) 10 20 days were applied, while other operational parameters maintained unchanged. Results regarding removal chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen E2 have been...
Abstract [Pd 2 (μ‐Cl) (C 6 F 5 ) (tht) ] ( 1 is a very efficient initiator of the radical polymerization methyl acrylate, but it not active in methacrylate or copolymerization with 1‐hexene. The addition an excess NBu 4 Cl to solutions provides system that copolymerizes acrylate and 1‐hexene by insertion‐triggered mechanism. Random copolymers are obtained 11% incorporation moderate yields (about 35%). Studies decomposition products after first insertion PdC bond show halide presence monomer...
In April 1994 first ECRH plasmas (28 GHz, 2nd harmonic) have been produced in the TJ-I U torsatron (R = 0.6 m, <a> 0.1 B(0) 0.52 T, È(0) 0.21). November a second experimental campaign using 37.5 GHz gyrotron (B(0) 0.69 T) has started. The main parameters of device, basic characteristics heating system and some results concerning magnetic surface mapping plasma discharges, are reported.