Qualitative traits and chemical properties of 32 peach cultivars (yellow flesh white fruits) 52 nectarine different pomological characteristics is performed, the correlation between analyzed. Yellow nectarines have a higher variability in soluble solids concentration (SSC) titratable acidity (TA) values. Evaluation color parameters (a*, b*, L*) shows significant interaction pulp (white vs. yellow) types (peaches nectarines) fruit. The difference yellow fruits stronger than peaches. Sucrose...

Summary The physiological and molecular bases of glyphosate resistance in one susceptible (S) four resistant (R) Conyza bonariensis biotypes (sampled orchards from Andalusia, Spain) were investigated. Resistance index (RI) values the R ranged between 2.9 5.6. main difference S was dissimilar mobility whole plant. In biotypes, herbicide translocated less leaves to culm root, more compared with biotype. upward via xylem suggests that may be sequestered apoplast or vacuole. hypothesis an...

The potential of biochar to improve crop productivity has received interest in recent years; however, little is known about the effects on nutritional quality. In this study, three different biochars (wheat straw biochar, poplar and olive residues biochar) were determined major fruit-size parameters, physico-chemical properties tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. Rio Grande. Application alone was sufficient sustain fruit growth, but results affected by feedstock source biochar. There no...

Extracts from parts of coniferous trees have received increased interest due to their valuable bioactive compounds and properties, useful for plenty experimental consolidated applications, in fields comprising nutraceutics, cosmetics, pharmacology, food preservation, stimulation plant growth. However, the variability complexity extraction methods, use potentially harmful synthetic chemicals, still represent an obstacle spreading such natural compounds. Hydrodynamic cavitation is emerging as...

This study investigated the effects of agronomic amendments, such as compost and bioinoculants (mycorrhizal fungi plant growth-promoting bacteria), eco-friendly practices, on crop yield stability extracted Tanacetum balsamita L.’s bioactive compounds, which were obtained through cold pressure (Timatic). Plants cultivated under four treatments: compost, bioinoculant, combination (bioinoculants + compost), control treatments. After harvesting, compounds stored for one year at 4 °C room...

Summary Leptochloa chinensis is a new weed that has been found with increasing frequency in Italian rice paddies. The germination ecology of L. seeds was studied order to investigate the development mechanisms and survival strategy this paddies northern Italy. showed no dormancy exhibited even anoxic conditions. Germination strongly influenced by temperature (minimum around 15°C; optimal 25–35°C) light (phytochrome dependent). Temperature fluctuation caused an increase seed dark. Seed burial...

Summary Trials were carried out to study the germination and dormancy of Cuscuta campestris Y. (dodder) seeds factors influencing success early parasitisation sugarbeet. Primary can be removed by seed scarification. Germination was negligible at 10°C optimal 30°C, while it not influenced light. Seed burial induced a cycle induction breaking secondary dormancy. Seedling emergence inversely proportional depth only buried within 5 cm soil surface emerged. Storage C. in laboratory for 12 years...

Brassinolide, a plant hormone newly isolated from pollen, promotes growth of the stem number species. Similar effects are induced by brassinosteroid (BR), synthetic 24‐epibrassinolide. In this paper BR on acid secretion and transmembrane electrical potential difference in Azuki bean ( Vigna angularis , Ohwi Ohashi cv. Takara) epicotyls were determined short term experiments compared with growth. At concentrations between 10 ‐7 to ‐5 M stimulates, similarly indole‐3‐acetic (IAA), H +...

Bifidobacteria strains from human origin were screened for the specific activity (β-glucosidase activity) involved in metabolism of dietary flavonoids. Five with high β-glucosidase selected further analyses (high-performance liquid chromatography separations) flavonoid glycosides occurring Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds and seedlings. All found to be active conversion kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, daidzin, genistin, glycitin into their aglyconic forms. No metabolites detected after...

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as an antioxidant source enriched biomass. This is a model organism deeply investigated for physiological studies, particularly considering carotenoid synthesis in response stress, counteract effects formation free radicals. Less attention has been paid profile characterization other compounds, such polyphenols, which can be synthesized, concomitantly with carotenoids, under photooxidative...

In apical or subapical root segments of maize ( Zea mays L. cv. Dekalb XL640), 10 −7 –10 −5 M 24‐epibrassinolide (BR), a physiologically active synthetic epimer the pollen hormone brassinolide, induces significant stimulation growth, associated with an increase acid secretion. The in secretion is enhanced by presence K + medium and accompanied early, hyperpolarization transmembrane electric potential (PD), which completely suppressed addition protonophore uncoupler FCCP. Similar effects BR...

Abstract Dissociation of active H + extrusion (−ΔH ) from K uptake in pea and maize root segments was attempted by substituting the incubation medium with lipophilic cations assumed to enter cell passive, non‐specific, permeation through lipid component plasmalemma. Among compounds tested, tributylbenzylammonium significantly stimulated −ΔH absence other monovalent medium. This effect much more evident when experiment carried out presence fusicoccin, which strongly stimulates proton cation...

The fate of prosulfuron, primisulfuron methyl, rimsulfuron, and thifensulfuron methyl in aqueous solutions was investigated, using capillary electrophoresis (CE) for herbicide detection. hydrolysis the four sulfonylureas followed first-order kinetics pH dependent accelerated at higher temperature. Rimsulfuron showed fast degradation water, with half-lives from 12 to 0.06 days range 2 8.5 25 °C. rate prosulfuron resulted relatively slow, 49 399 5 7.5, as a function temperature mathematically...

Flavonoid content and composition in 124 accessions of forage grain legumes was assessed by means HPLC-DAD HPLC-ESI-MS analyses seed extracts. Excluding soybean, only 7 out 77 legume exhibited a total flavonoid higher than 0.1 mg/g fresh weight (mean 0.33 +/- 0.31 mg/ g weight); while 38 47 legume, the mean 1.49 0.89 weight. On basis their agronomic relevance, two five were selected for further aimed to identify bioactive compounds. Chemical analysis permitted identification several...

Abstract As consequence of the concern about biosafety genetically modified plants, biological and ecological studies are considered crucial for environmental risk assessment. Laboratory experiments were carried out in order to evaluate transfer Cry1Ac Bt -toxin from a transgenic -oilseed rape non-target pest, Myzus persicae Sulzer. protein levels plants aphids determined using double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phloem sap ( +) −) oilseed was collected leaves standard method...

Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) was applied to the determination of water-soluble vitamins (WSV) in pharmaceutical preparations. The analytical procedure employed WSV separation by MECC showed a satisfactory average column efficiency (195,000 N) and resolution (more than 100 theoretical peaks separable). mean reproducibility retention time consecutive day-to-day runs 1.1% 5.1%, respectively. Analyses were performed after extraction active ingredients solid phase...

Abstract. The effect of fusicoccin (FC) on the K + stimulated Na efflux in root cells loaded barley roots was studied. FC (0.02 mM) presence and its synergistic with that , a similar way as proton extrusion. Decreasing pH elution medium promoted partially replaced FC. As is known to increase electrochemical gradient at plasmalemma level, these results are consistent hypothesis extruded exchange for H . A further support this view came from finding also by lipophilic cation,...