Employing a scanning tunneling microscopy based beak junction technique and mechanically controlled break experiments, we investigated tolane (diphenylacetylene)-type single molecular junctions having four different anchoring groups (SH, pyridyl (PY), NH(2), CN) at solid/liquid interface. The combination of current-distance current-voltage measurements their quantitative statistical analysis revealed the following sequence for formation probability stability: PY > SH NH(2) CN. For all...

The charge transport characteristics of 11 tailor-made dithiol-terminated oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) (OPE)-type molecules attached to two gold electrodes were studied at a solid/liquid interface in combined approach using an STM break junction (STM-BJ) and mechanically controlled (MCBJ) setup. We designed characterized structurally distinct OPE-type with varied length HOMO/LUMO energy. Increase the molecular and/or HOMO-LUMO gap leads decrease single-junction conductance linearly conjugate...

We report a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the length dependence anchor group electrical conductance series oligoyne molecular wires in single-molecule junctions with gold contacts. Experimentally, we focus on synthesis properties diaryloligoynes n = 1, 2, 4 triple bonds dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene (BT). For comparison, also explored aurophilic cyano (CN), amino (NH2), thiol (SH), 4-pyridyl (PY). Scanning tunneling microscopy break junction (STM-BJ) mechanically...

π-Conjugation plays an important role in charge transport through single molecular junctions. We describe this paper the construction of a mechanically controlled break-junction setup (MCBJ) equipped with highly sensitive log I–V converter order to measure ultralow conductances rods trapped between two gold leads. The current resolution reaches down 10 fA. report single-molecule conductance measurements anthracene-based linearly conjugated molecule ( AC ), anthraquinone-based...

Controlling charge transport through a single molecule connected to metallic electrodes remains one of the most fundamental challenges nanoelectronics. Here we use electrochemical gating reversibly tune conductance two different organic molecules, both containing anthraquinone (AQ) centers, over >1 order magnitude. For electrode potentials outside redox-active region, effect gate is simply shift molecular energy levels relative metal Fermi level. At redox potential, changes abruptly as AQ...

The understanding of the charge transport through single molecule junctions is a prerequisite for design and building electronic circuits based on junctions. However, reliable robust formation such challenging task to achieve. In this topical review, we present systematic investigation anchoring group effect junction conductance by employing two complementary techniques, namely scanning tunneling microscopy break (STM-BJ) mechanically controllable (MCBJ) studies published in literature...

Among the electrolyzers under development for CO2 electroreduction at practical reaction rates, gas-fed approaches that use gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) as cathodes are most promising. However, insufficient long-term stability of these technologies precludes their commercial deployment. The structural deterioration catalyst material is one possible source device durability issues. Unfortunately, this issue has been insufficiently studied in systems using actual technical electrodes....

In this work, we aim to develop a Zn-based metal foam catalyst with very large specific area suitable for efficient CO production. Its manufacture is based on the dynamic hydrogen bubble template method that consists of superposition deposition and evolution at solid-liquid interface. We employed Cu ions in Zn2+-rich electroplating bath as foaming agent. The concentration agent was systematically studied an optimized Zn94Cu6 alloy developed, which, best our knowledge, most selective CO2...

High-resolution chemical depth profiling measurements of copper films are presented. The 10 μm thick test samples were electrodeposited on a Si-supported Cu seed under galvanostatic conditions in the presence particular plating additives (SPS, Imep, PEI, and PAG) used semiconductor industry for on-chip metallization interconnects. To probe trend these toward inclusion into deposit upon growth, quantitative elemental mass spectrometric at trace level concentration conducted by using sensitive...

We report an electrochemical gating approach with ∼100% efficiency to tune the conductance of single-molecule 4,4'-bipyridine junctions using scanning-tunnelling-microscopy break junction technique. Density functional theory calculation suggests that aligns molecular frontier orbitals relative electrode Fermi-level, switching molecule from off resonance state "partial" resonance.

Femtosecond laser ablation/ionization mass spectrometry (LIMS) has been applied to probe the spatial element composition of three ternary Cu–Sn–Pb model bronze alloys (lead bronzes: CuSn10Pb10, CuSn7Pb15, and CuSn5Pb20), which were recently identified as high-performance cathode materials in context electro-organic synthesis (dehalogenation, deoxygenation) pharmaceutically relevant building blocks. The quantitative spatially resolved analysis such will help understanding observed profound...

The synthesis and characterisation is described of six diaryltetrayne derivatives [Ar-(C≡C)4-Ar] with Ar=4-NO2-C6H4- (NO₂4), 4-NH(Me)C6H4- (NHMe4), 4-NMe2C6H4- (NMe₂4), 4-NH2-(2,6-dimethyl)C6H4- (DMeNH₂4), 5-indolyl (IN4) 5-benzothienyl (BTh4). X-ray molecular structures are reported for NO₂4, NHMe4, DMeNH₂4, IN4 BTh4. stability the tetraynes has been assessed under ambient laboratory conditions (20 °C, daylight in air): NO₂4 BTh4 stable at least months without observable decomposition,...

Single molecule charge transport characteristics of buckminsterfullerene-capped symmetric fluorene-based dumbbell-type compound 1 were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy break junction (STM-BJ), current sensing atomic force (CS-AFM-BJ), and mechanically controlled (MCBJ) techniques, under ambient conditions. We also show that is able to form highly organized defect-free surface adlayers, allowing the molecules on be addressed specifically. Two distinct single conductance states...

The use of rotating disk electrodes (RDEs) is probably the most convenient way studying simple electrode reactions under well-defined transport conditions. Standard RDEs become, however, less expedient when studied process a complex one, leading to formation various reaction products. In these cases, accurate detection and quantification formed products are desirable. If gaseous, then usual quantifying them online gas chromatography (GC), method that not compatible with open RDE cells. order...

Enzymatic electrocatalysis holds promise for new biotechnological approaches to produce chemical commodities such as molecular hydrogen (H

Performance studies of a microscope‐camera system ( MCS ) and laser ablation/ionisation mass spectrometer (LIMS) instrument (referred to here as or LMS are presented. These two instruments were designed independently for in situ analysis solids on planetary surfaces will be combined single miniature suite chemical morphological surface materials bodies. can perform sensitive (elemental, isotope molecular) analyses with spatial resolution close micrometre‐sized grains. It allows M /Δ up 800...

The recognition of biosignatures on planetary bodies requires the analysis putative microfossil with a set complementary analytical techniques. This includes localized elemental and isotopic both its surrounding host matrix. If can be performed spatial resolution at micrometer level part-per-million detection sensitivities, valuable information (bio)chemical physical processes that influenced sample material gained. Our miniaturized laser ablation ionization mass spectrometry...

A key interest of planetary space missions is the quantitative determination chemical composition surface material. The material (minerals, rocks, soils) yields fundamental information that can be used to answer scientific questions about formation and evolution body in particular Solar System general. We present a miniature time-of-flight type laser ablation/ionization mass spectrometer (LMS) demonstrate its capability measuring elemental mineralogical samples quantitatively by using...

In this work, we discuss the application of a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup for benchmarking electrocatalysts reductive conversion CO2 (CO2RR: reduction reaction). Applying silver nanowire (Ag-NW) based catalyst, it is demonstrated that in GDE conditions can be reached, which are relevant industrial to CO. This reaction part so-called 'Rheticus' process uses CO subsequent production butanol and hexanol on fermentation approach. contrast conventional half-cell measurements using liquid...

Abstract For the last four decades space exploration missions have searched for molecular life on planetary surfaces beyond Earth. Often pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry has been used as payload such missions. These instruments relatively low detection sensitivity and their measurements are often undermined by presence of chloride salts minerals. Currently, ocean worlds in outer Solar System, icy moons Europa Enceladus, represent potentially habitable environments therefore...

Abstract Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) intensify global warming. Electrochemical reduction CO allows its conversion into value‐added chemicals. This work presents the first application 3D printing to manufacture catalysts for this process. Carbon nanotube‐based electrodes printed by fused deposition modeling were functionalized copper electroplating. The combination scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical characterization revealed that electroplating leads...

Abstract Although electro‐organic synthesis is currently receiving renewed interest because of its potential to enable sustainability in chemical processes value‐added products, challenges process development persist: For reductive transformations performed protic media, an inherent issue the limited choice metallic cathode materials that can effectively suppress parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while maintaining a high activity toward targeted reaction. Current trends are aimed...

Rationale There is an increasing interest in the quest for low molecular weight biomarkers that can be studied on extra‐terrestrial objects by direct laser desorption mass spectrometry (LD‐MS). Although structure investigations have recently been carried out LD‐MS approaches, there still a lack of suitable instruments implementation spacecraft due to weight, size and power consumption demands. In this contribution we demonstrate feasibility structural analysis species miniature...