Much effort has been applied in estimating the concentrations of chlorophyll-a (Chl a) lakes. The optical complexity and lack situ data complicate Chl a such water bodies. We compared four established satellite reflectance algorithms—the two-band three-band algorithms (2BDA, 3BDA), fluorescence line height (FLH), normalized difference chlorophyll index (NDCI)—to estimate concentration Lake Chad. evaluated performance applicability Landsat-8 (L8) Sentinel-2 (S2) images with estimation...

Consistent observations of lakes and reservoirs that comprise the majority surface freshwater globally are limited, especially in Africa where water bodies exposed to unfavorable climatic conditions human interactions. Publicly available satellite imagery has increased ability monitor various sizes without much financial hassle. Landsat 7 8 images were used this study estimate area changes around Lake Chad. The Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI), Normalized Difference (NDWI), Modified...

Sustainable water resource management requires the assessment of hydrological changes in response to climate fluctuations and anthropogenic activities any given area. A quantitative estimation balance entities is important understand variations within a basin. Water resources remote areas with little infrastructure technological knowhow suffer from poor documentation, rendering difficult unreliable. This study analyzes behavior Lake Chad basin extreme climatic environmental conditions that...

The frequency of drought events has increased with climate change, making it vital to monitor and predict the response drought. In particular, relationship among meteorological, agricultural, groundwater droughts needs be characterized under different conditions. this study, a probabilistic framework was developed for analyzing spatio-temporal propagation applied South Korea. Three indices were calculated using satellite data deep learning model determine spatial temporal extents average...

Continuous monitoring and accurate spatiotemporal groundwater storage change predictions can help support sustainable development efficient resources management. In this study, remote sensing-based data were used to develop two deep learning predictive models, long short term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network-LSTM (CNN-LSTM) models. The input variables terrestrial water anomaly (TWSA) recorded by the Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites GRACE-Follow-On (GRACE-FO)...

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) comprises all forms of stored in the Earth's surface. The gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) twin satellite provides an efficient method assessing TWS changes (TWSCs) by measuring variations gravity. GRACE-derived is equivalent to sum such as surface water, soil moisture, snow equivalent, groundwater. Therefore, groundwater its can be estimated when other variables are determined. We used Level-3 data (RL 05) estimate monthly TWSC South Korea....

It is critical to understand how meteorological variables impact reference evapotranspiration (ETo) since have a different effect on ETo. This study examined the of ETo Korean Peninsula under complex climatic and geographic conditions in order changed over past 42 years. Different geographical were analyzed, including plains, mountains, coastal areas seasonal annual basis. was estimated using Penman-Monteith method by Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) daily relative humidity (RH), solar...

Drought is a complex phenomenon caused by lack of precipitation that affects water resources and human society. Groundwater drought difficult to assess due its complexity the spatio-temporal groundwater observations. In this study, we present an approach evaluate based on relatively high spatial resolution storage change data. We developed artificial neural network (ANN) employed satellite data (Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)) as well...

As the world population keeps increasing and cultivating more land, extraction of vegetation conditions using remote sensing is important for monitoring land changes in areas with limited ground observations. Water supply wetlands directly affects plant growth biodiversity, which makes drought an aspect such areas. Vegetation Temperature Condition Index (VTCI) depends on thermal stress state, widely used as indicator satellite data. In this study, clear-sky Landsat multispectral images, VTCI...

This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the impacts climate change on South Korea’s and hydrology, utilizing Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) approach with thirteen Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models under two Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP4.5 RCP8.5. We observed an average temperature increase up to 3.5 °C RCP8.5 around 2.0 RCP4.5. Precipitation patterns showed overall increase, particularly during summer months, increases 20% 15% RCP4.5,...

AbstractGroundwater is an important water resource in many coastal areas around the world. Excessive pumping can change flow pattern so that seawater may migrate into freshwater aquifer. In addition, rise of sea level due to climate could accelerate landward intrusion seawater. This study addresses problem variable-density groundwater and miscible salt transport assess potential aquifers. Our conceptual model considers a complete hydrogeologic system including river system, seasonal...

Water demand in Korea has triggered the need for fresh water to be used agriculture. Agricultural drainage (ADW) is a way of coping with growing In this study, quality model (WQM), and an algorithm were order determine optimize reuse quantity Osan stream drain, South Korea. The associated drain was stimulated using QUAL2Kw uncertainty analysis sensitivity use Monte Carlos Simulation performed performance WQM. Jaya technology as optimization tool find optimal ADW quantities at particular...

Understanding the changes on future water resources resulting from climate variations will assist in developing effective management strategies for a river basin. Our area of interest is Osan watershed South Korea, where summer monsoon contributes approximately 60–70% annual runoff and precipitation country. We determined effects that climatic have this area. To accomplish this, we made use global models (GCMs). A total 10 GCMs were downscaled with help information production tools. Coupled...

Understanding hydrological processes using model parameters can improve the management of water resources in a watershed. This research uses Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) examining balance Yeongsan River Basin, South Korea. Summer monsoon dominates region, accounting for about 60–70% rain between June to September. The basin is facing significant challenges due limited availability high demand agricultural construction two weirs on river. To this end, new multi-site calibration...

Estimation of total discharge is necessary to understand the hydrological cycle and manage water resources efficiently. However, task problematic in an area where ground observations are limited. The North Korea region one example. Here, was estimated based on balance using multiple satellite products. They terrestrial storage changes (TWSC) derived from Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE), precipitation Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), evapotranspiration Moderate...

As research on the use of satellites in combination with previous hydrological monitoring techniques increases, interest application machine-learning approach to prediction variables is growing. Ground-based measurements are often limited due difficulties measuring spatiotemporal variations, especially ungauged areas. In addition, there no existing capable total discharge directly. this study, Artificial neural network (ANN) approaches examined for 0.25° data over Korean Peninsula using...

The conjunctive management of surface water and groundwater resources is essential to sustainably manage resources. target study the Osan watershed, in which approximately 60–70% rainfall occurs during summer monsoon Central South Korea. Surface are overexploited six times as much this region, leading increasing pressure satisfy region’s growing agricultural demand. Therefore, a simulation-optimization (S-O) model at sub-basin scale required optimize resource allocation watershed. An S-O...

지표수 부족과 수질에 대한 불신 때문에 대체 수자원의 확보가 요구되고 있으며, 유력한 대안으로 강변여과에 관심이 모아지고 있다. 국내 최초의 강변여과는 경남 창원에서 2001년에 시작되었으며, 현재 창원시 수돗물의 100%를 여기에 의존하고 본 연구는 강변여과 취수장 부근 지하수위를 설명하는 시계열 모형의 개발에 관한 것이다. 연구 대상지역은 대산면 현장으로 11개 관측정으로부터의 5년간(2003년 1월<TEX>$\sim$</TEX>2007년 12월) 지하수위 자료를 이용했다. 지하수위의 장기변동을 알아보기 위해 분단위 월자료로 변환하고, 결측치를 보완하여 Box-Jenkins 방법에 따라 시계열분석을 실시했다. 대상지역의 자료는 계절형 ARIMA 모형으로 잘 설명되는 것이 입증되었다. 향후 증가할 강변여과를 이용한 상수 공급시설의 안정적인 운영을 반드시 필요한 예측능력을 확보하기 위한 하나의 원형이 될 Alternatives to conventional water...

Site selection plays a crucial role in riverbank filtration for sustainable water availability and quality. Choosing the most appropriate from among multiple candidate sites requires complex procedure, involving many tangibles intangibles. In this study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which selects optimal alternative by hierarchically classifying various attributes then quantifying importance of each attribute, was used to prioritize locations filtration. A GIS-based computer program...

With increasing water demand and growing scarcity of potable water, the reuse recovered from low salinity like sewage or surface is becoming an important issue both technical economic points view. The reverse osmosis (RO) membrane processes widely used for recovery inevitably produce RO concentrate having very high concentrations salts other materials concern. Disposal to nature feeding back into facility can be option, but may have impact on environment raise legal problems. This study...

This paper presents an analysis of the potential risks chemicals that can affect aquifer storage transfer and recovery (ASTR) site. ASTR is a water supply system injects surface into then extracts naturally filtered groundwater. The pilot site supplying drinking located downstream Nakdong River in South Korea. Hazard critical control points (HACCP) was adopted to ensure suitable quality response deteriorated River. HACCP proactive management for ensuring consistent confidence food (or...

Drinking water production facilities are designed to filter contaminants that ever-present in raw water. These facilities, however, pose risks of tap contamination or supply discontinuation the event a massive chemical spill. A managed aquifer recharge (MAR) offers advantage purifying surface as well maintaining underground for extended periods time, thus securing sufficient time response contaminant infiltration and dramatically increasing consumer safety. However, contaminated aquifers...