Some published cochlear filterbanks are nonlinear but fitted to animal basilar membrane (BM) responses. Others, like the gammatone, based on human psychophysical data, linear. In this article, a filterbank is constructed by adapting computational model of BM physiology simulate nonlinearity as measured pulsation-threshold experiments. The approach dual-resonance type filter whose basic structure was modeled using observations. modeling pulsation threshold main assumption that occurs when...

Over 360 million people worldwide suffer from disabling hearing loss. Most of them can be treated with aids. Unfortunately, performance aids and the benefit obtained using vary widely across users. Here, we investigate reasons for such variability. Sixty-eight hearing-aid users or candidates were fitted bilaterally nonlinear standard procedures. Treatment outcome was assessed by measuring aided speech intelligibility in a time-reversed two-talker background self-reported improvement ability....

A revised computational model of the inner-hair cell (IHC) and auditory-nerve (AN) complex is presented evaluated. Building on previous models, algorithm intended as a component for use in more comprehensive models auditory periphery. It combines smaller components that aim to be faithful physiology so far practicable known. Transduction between cochlear mechanical motion IHC receptor potential (RP) simulated using modification an existing biophysical model. Changes RP control opening...

Computational algorithms that mimic the response of basilar membrane must be capable reproducing a range complex features are characteristic animal observations. These include input output functions nonlinear near site's best frequency, but linear elsewhere. This nonlinearity is critical when using algorithm as to models inner hair cell function and subsequent auditory-nerve low- high-spontaneous rate fibers. We present an uses two processing units operating in parallel: one other...

Auditory deafferentation, or permanent loss of auditory nerve afferent terminals, occurs after noise overexposure and aging may accompany many forms hearing loss. It could cause significant impairment but is undetected by regular clinical tests so its effects on perception are poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize test a neural mechanism which deafferentation deteriorate perception. The basic idea that the spike train produced each resembles stochastically digitized version sound waveform...

The aim of this study was to assess the relative importance cochlear mechanical dysfunction, temporal processing deficits, and age on ability hearing-impaired listeners understand speech in noisy backgrounds. Sixty-eight took part study. They were provided with linear, frequency-specific amplification compensate for their audiometric losses, intelligibility assessed speech-shaped noise (SSN) a time-reversed two-talker masker (R2TM). Behavioral estimates gain loss residual compression...

Cochlear nonlinearity was estimated over a wide range of center frequencies and levels in listeners with normal hearing, using forward-masking method. For fixed low-level probe, the masker level required to mask probe measured as function masker-probe interval, produce temporal masking curve (TMC). TMCs were for 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 Hz, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0 (on frequency), 1.1, 1.6 times frequency. Across frequencies, on-frequency maskers showed two or three segments clearly distinct...

An approximated physical model of the frequency transfer function human concha is developed in this paper. This formulation includes diffraction, reflection, and interference phenomena cavity. The performance proposed diffraction/reflection compared with that single-delay-and-add approximation by checking their predictions against experimental a metal spiral-shaped diffracting/reflecting system. Results show performs considerably better at predicting both absolute center spectral minima...

Psychophysical estimates of cochlear function suggest that normal-hearing listeners exhibit a compressive basilar-membrane (BM) response. Listeners with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss may linearized BM response along reduced gain, suggesting the an active mechanism. This study investigated how changes increasing by comparing psychophysical measures compression and gain for those who have mild loss. Data were collected from 16 12 ears 9 hearing-impaired listeners. The forward...

Objectives: In natural hearing, cochlear mechanical compression is dynamically adjusted via the efferent medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR). These adjustments probably help understanding speech in noisy environments and are not available to users of current implants (CIs). The aims present study to: (1) a binaural CI sound processing strategy inspired by control provided contralateral MOCR hearing; (2) assess benefits new for presented competition with steady noise speech-like spectrum...

Older people often show auditory temporal processing deficits and speech-in-noise intelligibility difficulties even when their audiogram is clinically normal. The causes of such problems remain unclear. Some studies have suggested that for with normal audiograms, age-related hearing impairments may be due to a cognitive decline, while others they caused by cochlear synaptopathy. Here, we explore an alternative hypothesis, namely are associated decreased inhibition. For human adults (N = 30)...

A revised computational model of the inner-hair cell (IHC) and auditory-nerve (AN) complex was recently presented [Sumner et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 111, 2178–2188 (2002)]. One key improvement is that reproduces rate-intensity functions low- (LSR), medium- (MSR), high-spontaneous rate (HSR) fibers in guinea-pig. Here we describe adaptation characteristics model, how they vary with fiber type. Adaptation for a HSR line an earlier version [Meddis Hewitt, 90, 904–917 (1991)]. In guinea-pig,...