The healthcare sector is faced with challenges due to a shrinking workforce and rise in chronic diseases that are worsening demographic epidemiological shifts. Digital health interventions include artificial intelligence (AI) being identified as some of the potential solutions these challenges. ultimate aim AI systems improve patient’s outcomes satisfaction, overall population’s health, well-being professionals. applications services vast expected assist, automate, augment several services....

Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is believed to be the predominant if not sole enzyme in body responsible for physiologic esterification of retinol. We have studied Lrat-deficient (Lrat-/-) mice gain a better understanding how these take up and store dietary retinoids determine whether other enzymes may retinol body. Although Lrat-/- possess only trace amounts retinyl esters liver, lung, kidney, they elevated (by 2-3-fold) concentrations adipose tissue compared with wild type mice....

Hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells play important roles in retinoid storage metabolism. process postprandial retinyl esters are responsible for secretion of retinol bound to retinol-binding protein (RBP) maintain plasma levels. Stellate the body's major cellular sites retinoid. We have characterized utilized an immortalized rat cell line, HSC-T6 cells, facilitate study aspects processing. For comparison, we also carried out parallel studies Hepa-1 hepatocytes. Like activated primary...

Although endothelial dysfunction, defined as abnormal vasoreactivity, is a common early finding in individuals with type 2 diabetes, the endothelium has not been known to regulate metabolism. As PPARγ, transcriptional regulator of energy balance, expressed cells, we set out investigate role cell PPARγ metabolism using mice that lack and BM (γEC/BM-KO). When γEC/BM-KO were fed high-fat diet, they had decreased adiposity increased insulin sensitivity compared control mice, despite serum FFA...

Cellular retinol-binding protein, type I (CRBP-I) and II (CRBP-II) are the only members of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family that process intracellular retinol. Heart skeletal muscle take up postprandial retinol but express little or no CRBP-I CRBP-II. We have identified an in these tissues. The 134-amino acid is encoded by a cDNA expressed primarily heart, adipose tissue. It shares 57 56% sequence identity with CRBP-II, respectively, less than 40% other FABP family. <i>In situ</i>...

Acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) 1 catalyzes the final step of triglyceride (TG) synthesis. We show that acute administration a DGAT1 inhibitor (DGAT1i) by oral gavage or genetic deletion intestinal Dgat1 (intestine-Dgat1(-/-)) markedly reduced postprandial plasma TG and retinyl ester excursions inhibiting chylomicron secretion in mice. Loss activity did not affect efficiency retinol esterification, but it reduce retinoid accumulation small intestine. In contrast, inhibition...

Abstract Problem Navigating the complexities of international research collaborations is a challenge. This article provides detailed examination collaboration between Duke University and National Singapore to establish Duke-NUS Medical School. It explores evolution impact partnership, focusing on outcomes, knowledge advancement, dynamics in academic medicine. Approach The partnership began 2005 applies collaborative approach, including aligning foci with Singapore’s national health...

We reported previously that mice lacking plasma retinol-binding protein (RBP) are phenotypically normal except they display impaired vision at the time of weaning. This visual defect is associated with greatly diminished eyecup levels retinaldehyde and reversible if mutants maintained for several months on a vitamin A-sufficient diet. Here we provide biochemical basis phenotype RBP-deficient mice. does not result from inadequate milk total retinol since these different wild-type The eye,...

Adipogenesis is governed by a well-documented cascade of transcription factors. However, less known about non-transcription factors that govern early stages adipogenesis. Here we show cellular retinol-binding protein type I (CRBP-I), small cytosolic binding for retinol and retinaldehyde, specifically restricted to preadipocytes in white adipose tissue. The absence CRBP-I mice (CRBP-I-KO mice) leads increased adiposity. Despite adiposity, CRBP-I-KO remain more glucose tolerant insulin...

Practising self-regulated learning is essential in one’s lifelong journey. As educators, we can assist our students to regulate their effectively, whether this an online environment or any other. However, many factors affect how well learners learning. Research reveals that practices vary and warrant further exploration. This study specifically investigates the guided practice of behaviour affects environment. To guide managing more automated management system was developed. The assists...

Vitamin A (retinol) is required to maintain immunity and epithelial turnover a key micronutrient needed for combating infection. actions on the immune system are diverse cannot be accounted by single effect or mechanism. The of retinol in maintaining gut integrity humans immunoglobulin levels mice was investigated. For 30 children, performance lactulose/mannitol test, test commonly used assess intestinal barrier function, inversely correlated (P = .012) with serum concentrations. Thus,...

Cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) type III (CRBP-III) belongs to the family of intracellular lipid-binding proteins, which includes adipocyte-binding aP2. In cytosol, CRBP-III binds retinol, precursor retinyl ester and active metabolite retinoic acid. The goal present work is understand regulation expression its role in lipid metabolism. Using EMSAs, luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation we found that a direct target peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma...

Scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) is the high density lipoprotein (HDL) essential for hepatic uptake of HDL cholesterol. SR-BI was shown to impact plasma levels and be anti-atherogenic. Thus, ability regulate may allow modulation cholesterol progression atherosclerosis. However, regulation in liver not well understood. Recently, PDZ domain containing protein PDZK1 interact with serve an role cell surface expression. Here we identify vivo PDZK1-interacting that named small...

The physiologic role(s) of cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP)-III, an intracellular that is expressed solely in heart, muscle, adipose, and mammary tissue, remains to be elucidated. To address this, we have generated characterized CRBP-III-deficient (CRBP-III(-/-)) mice. Mice lack CRBP-III were viable healthy but displayed a marked impairment retinoid incorporation into milk. Milk obtained from CRBP-III(-/-) dams contains significantly less retinyl ester, especially palmitate, than milk...

Mice lacking retinol-binding protein (RBP) have low circulating retinol levels. They severe visual defects due to a content of or retinyl esters in the eye. A transgenic mouse strain that expresses human RBP under control muscle creatine kinase promoter null background was generated. The exogenous bound and transthyretin circulation effectively delivered Thus, expressed from an ectopic source suppresses phenotype, retinoids accumulate No found retinal pigment epithelium mice, indicating...

Impaired PPARγ activity in endothelial cells causes oxidative stress and dysfunction which a predisposition to hypertension, but the identity of key target genes that protect endothelium remain unclear. Retinol-binding protein 7 (RBP7) is gene essentially specific. Whereas RBP7-deficient mice exhibit normal function at baseline, they severe response cardiovascular stressors, including high-fat diet subpressor angiotensin II. Endothelial was not due differences weight gain, impaired glucose...