Abstract New races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal pathogen wheat stripe rust, show high virulence to previously deployed resistance genes and are responsible for large yield losses worldwide. To identify new sources we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using worldwide collection 1000 spring accessions. Adult plants were evaluated under field conditions in six environments western United States, seedlings tested with four Pst races. A single-nucleotide...

Abstract Virulence shifts in populations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal pathogen wheat stripe rust, are a major challenge to resistance breeding. The majority known genes already ineffective against current races Pst, necessitating identification and introgression new sources resistance. Germplasm core collections that reflect range genetic phenotypic diversity crop species ideal platforms for examining architecture complex traits such as rust. We report results...

The recently identified Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) race TTKSK (Ug99) poses a severe threat to global wheat production because of its broad virulence on several widely deployed resistance genes. Additional virulences have been detected in the Ug99 group races, and spread this has documented across growing regions Africa, Middle East (Yemen), West Asia (Iran). Other broadly virulent Pgt such as TRTTF TKTTF, present further difficulties maintaining abundant genetic for their...

Winter wheat Druchamp has both high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance and all-stage to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). The HTAP in is durable as the variety been resistant stage since it was introduced from France United States late 1940s. To map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance, an F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population cross × Michigan Amber phenotyped response multiple years fields under natural infection with selected Pst races...

Harnessing diversity from germplasm collections is more feasible today because of the development lower‐cost and higher‐throughput genotyping methods. However, cost phenotyping still generally high, so efficient methods sampling exploiting useful are needed. Genomic selection (GS) has potential to enhance use desirable genetic variation in through predicting genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for all traits that have been measured. Here, we evaluated effects various scenarios...

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst) remains one of the most significant diseases wheat worldwide. We investigated stripe rust resistance genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) in 959 spring accessions from United States Department Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Small Grains Collection, representing major global production environments. The panel was characterized for field multi-environment trials and seedling under...

Stripe rust ( Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici ) is a devastating disease for wheat Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide. Yr5 race‐specific resistance gene, effective to all races that have been identified in the United States. Therefore, it has increasingly used US cultivar development. The goal of this study was identify and validate single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers tightly linked with , evaluate their usefulness diverse set materials, dissect region search...

Stem rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Ericks, is one of most damaging diseases wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). The recent emergence stem rust Ug99 race group poses a serious threat to world production. Utilization genetic resistance in cultivar development optimal way control rust. Here, we report association mapping global spring germplasm collection (2152 accessions) genotyped with iSelect 9K single‐nucleotide polymorphism array. Using unified mixed model...

Genome‐wide association mapping is a powerful tool for dissecting the relationship between phenotypes and genetic variants in diverse populations. With improved cost efficiency of high‐throughput genotyping platforms, desirable method mining populations favorable alleles that hold value crop improvement. Stem rust, caused by fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, devastating disease threatens wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide. Here, we explored basis stem rust resistance...

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of prickly pear cactus on socio-economic status pastoral livelihoods rangelands in Northern Rift Valley Kenya. The (Opuntia stricta) is one most widespread and naturalized invasive species arid semi-arid areas Kenya, with serious negative consequences rural environment. invasiveness O. stricta due its productive competitive advantages under marginal conditions, limited availability pests pathogens, high reproductive potential. A descriptive survey...

Abstract House crickets ( Acheta domesticus ) and field Gryllus bimaculatus are among the commonly reared insects for human animal consumption. However, potential contamination of rearing facilities with microbes poses a serious threat to sustainability production these insects, especially in poorer regions world where strategies ensuring microbe-free environments lacking most cases. In this study, bacterial fungal communities associated cricket-rearing facility under partially controlled...

Abstract Stripe rust, or yellow rust ( Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritic ), is a disease of wheat Triticum aestivum L.) historically causing significant economic losses in cooler growing regions. Novel isolates stripe with increased tolerance for high temperatures were detected the United States circa 2000. This heat puts geographic regions, such as soft red winter (SRWW) region southeastern States, at greater risk induced losses. In order to identify sources resistance...

Integrated Crop-Livestock Farming Systems (ICLFS) are globally recognized for their contributions to improving agricultural sustainability. These systems also play a big role in conservation and Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) since they reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, thus assisting coping with the effects of climate change. This study aimed at evaluating effectiveness extension services achieving food nutrition security by farmers practicing integrated crop-livestock farming...

Chironomidae commonly inhabits most aquatic habitats and often dominate insect communities in abundance species richness. Despite their ecological importance, the diversity distribution of chironomids Lake Victoria ecosystem Kenya have not been studied to date. Here we report on adult Usenge, Mbita Ogal beaches using morphological features sequence data Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Wing venation-based microscopic characterization identified four genera, Tanypus, Coelotanypus,...

Objective: This study aims to assess the effects of cricket frass biofertilizer on growth and yield potential spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) its residual physicochemical properties soil in greenhouse field conditions. Methods: 7 treatments namely (0t/Ha, 5t/Ha, 10t/Ha, 15t/Ha, 20t/Ha), poultry manure (15t/Ha) cattle were used replicated 3 4 times conditions respectively. Plots 1m2 arranged a randomized complete block design for experiment pots with 5kg laid out completely controlled...