Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that serves as an essential coenzyme for five carboxylases in mammals. Biotin-dependent catalyze the fixation of bicarbonate organic acids and play crucial roles metabolism fatty acids, amino glucose. Carboxylase activities decrease substantially response to biotin deficiency. also covalently attached histones; biotinylated histones are enriched repeat regions human genome appear role transcriptional repression genes stability. deficiency may be caused by...

The anti-inflammatory effects and cellular transport mechanisms of all-E-astaxanthin its 9Z- 13Z-isomers were investigated in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. All three astaxanthin isomers at 1.2 μM significantly reduced the TNF-α-induced secretion IL-8 by 22–27%. Z-Astaxanthins, especially 9Z-astaxanthin exhibited greater effect than down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines COX-2 TNF-α gene expression to 0.88 ± 0.01-fold 0.83 0.17-fold that negative control (NC), respectively. achieved via...

The biological detoxification of mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON), represents a very promising approach to address the challenging problem cereal grain contamination. recent discovery Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8 (Devosia spp. 17-2-E-8), bacterial isolate capable transforming DON non-toxic stereoisomer 3-epi-deoxynivalenol, along with earlier reports species oxidizing 3-keto-DON, has generated interest in possible mechanism and enzyme(s) involved. An understanding these details could...

Scope Immune‐inflammatory signaling and metabolic effects are the main pillars for bioactivity of anthocyanins derived from highly pigmented root vegetables. This study aims to assess bioaccessibility bioavailability purple carrot potato molecular mechanisms their ability ameliorate cellular inflammation in a mono‐ co‐culture cell models. Methods results An vitro gastrointestinal model was used demonstrated 44.62 71.8% potato, respectively. These accessible significantly inhibited Caco‐2...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by several Fusarium species that infest wheat and corn. Food feed contaminated with DON pose health risk to both humans livestock form major barrier for international trade. Microbial detoxification represents an alternative approach the physical chemical methods of DON-contaminated grains. The present study details characterization novel bacterium, Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, capable transforming non-toxic stereoisomer,...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common mycotoxins found in cereal grains and contaminated with DON can cause health issues for both humans animals result severe economic losses. Currently there no feasible method to remediate affected grains. The development a biological detoxification becoming increasingly more plausible discovery microbes which transform relatively non-toxic stereoisomer, 3-epi-DON. Although bacteria capable detoxifying have been known some time, it only recently...

The mechanisms of cellular absorption and transport underlying the differences between flavonoid aglycones glycosides effect structural feature are not well established. In this study, aglycone, mono-, diglycosides quercetin cyanidin were selected to examine effects on bioavailability flavonoids using hexose transporters SGLT1 GLUT2 in a Caco-2 BBe1 cell model. Cellular uptake all significantly different. also inhibited d-glucose, indicating involvement two absorption, potential lowering...

Sourdough starter cultures are rich sources of endogenous lactic acid bacteria. The extended shelf lives sourdough breads attributed to a large array organic acids and low-molecular-weight metabolites produced during the fermentation process. Different species belonging bacteria group microorganisms, mainly Lactobacillus Leuconostoc, increasingly gaining attention as possible means for inhibiting mold growth in animal feed human food chains. In addition, certain strains isolated from...

The enzymatic detoxification of deoxynivalenol (DON) is a promising mitigation strategy for addressing this mycotoxin contamination cereal grains. A recently described bacterium, Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, capable transforming DON into its non-toxic stereoisomer 3-epi-DON, holds promise the development such applications. Earlier observations suggested that epimerization proceeds via two-step catalysis with 3-keto-DON as an intermediate. results study indicate NADPH required by cell-free...

Background Post-translational modifications of histones play important roles in regulating nucleosome structure and gene transcription. It has been shown that biotinylation histone H4 at lysine-12 (K12Bio-H4) is associated with repression a number genes. We hypothesized modifies the physical nucleosomes, biotin-induced conformational changes contribute to silencing biotinylation. Methodology/Principal Findings To test this hypothesis we used atomic force microscopy directly analyze...

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) fruits are known for their high polyphenolics content making them a rich source of antioxidants. These have been reported to promote human health and gaining attention antimicrobial activities against foodborne pathogens. We investigated the activity an ethanolic extract (#FC111-1) prepared from cranberry pomace Listeria spp. Many were identified in this which could be responsible growth-inhibitory effects 12 strains including L. monocytogenes. The minimum...

Cranberry processing by-products/pomace can be an excellent source of functionally bioactive molecules such as polyphenolics, complex carbohydrates, fibers, and nutritive minerals. While there are currently few applications for processing-residues in poultry nutrition, many potential opportunities the development sustainable value-added products. The aim current work was to investigate effect(s) four consecutive weeks cranberry pomace (CBP) feeding on blood serum metabolic profiles cecal...