Predicting carbon dioxide (CO2) solubility in water and brine is crucial for understanding capture storage (CCS) processes. Accurate predictions inform the feasibility effectiveness of CO2 dissolution trapping, a key mechanism sequestration saline aquifers. In this work, comprehensive data set comprising 1278 experimental points CO2–brine systems was assembled, encompassing diverse operating conditions. These encompassed brines containing six different salts: NaCl, KCl, NaHCO3, CaCl2, MgCl2,...

Accurate delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) in pelvic plays a crucial role follow-up radiotherapy patient after hysterectomy. However, manual is time-consuming task which susceptible to inter-observer variation. Automatic organ reliant on global context contained extracted feature map segment original CT image. Currently, numerous deep learning networks, like U-Net++, are widely used this task. In paper, we use standard U-Net++ as fundamental structure...

In this paper, we present an image segmentation technique based on fuzzy c-means (FCM) incorporated with wavelet domain noise filtration. With the use of feature estimation composed preliminary coefficient classification and indicator, a filter for balancing preservation relevant details against degree reduction can be created. The is further FCM algorithm into membership function clustering. This approach allows not only to exploit useful spatial information, but also dynamically minimize...

Multi-spectral Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is an active sensor that can simultaneously obtain spatial geometric data multi-wavelength information, offering multi-attribute features for geoinformation products such as point cloud scene recognition. Despite these advantages, semantic segmentation of fine-grained scenes in multi-spectral LiDAR remains a challenging task, mainly due to the disordered arrangement large amount involved. In particular, it crucial extract high-quality from...

For X-ray cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), non-calibrated system geometry causes indistinct and blurring artifacts in reconstructed images, which impacts on the image quality badly. This paper presents a practical industrial CBCT geometric calibration method, aims to determine parameter without extra phantom benefit efficiency for calibration. In our is divided into imaging be calibrated, respectively. First, was determined precisely at first beginning via average multiple measurements....

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables three-dimensional imaging of the internal structure objects in a non-invasive way with high accuracy. Practical misalignment CBCT system causes geometric artefacts reconstructed images, which seriously degrades image quality ways such as detail loss and decreased spatial resolution. This leads to inaccurate distinction defects detection, especially precise industrial fields like aerospace instrument manufacturing. paper presents method reduce...

Today's LLMs are susceptible to prompt injections, jailbreaks, and other attacks that allow adversaries overwrite a model's original instructions with their own malicious prompts. In this work, we argue one of the primary vulnerabilities underlying these is often consider system prompts (e.g., text from an application developer) be same priority as untrusted users third parties. To address this, propose instruction hierarchy explicitly defines how models should behave when different...

From the 21st century, progress of science and technology becomes more rapid, making application various macro micro sensors such as radar, infrared, photoelectric, satellite, TV camera, electron microscopy imaging, CT imaging widely, amount, scale, complexity spatial data are rapidly increasing, which has far exceeded human ability to interpret. Because end-users unable analyze all in detail extract knowledge interest, phenomenon "spatial explosion but lack knowledge" occurs. Therefore,...

A new rational quartic interpolating spline based on function values is constructed. The curves have simple and explicit representation with parameters. monotonicity-preserving, C2 continuity boundedness of are confirmed. Function value control derivative interpolation given respectively. advantage these methods that they can be applied to modifying the local shape curve only by selecting suitable parameters according practical requirements.

Ball grid array (BGA) packaging is a high-density surface mount technology with the advantages of small size, good heat dissipation, and electrical properties, widely applied in production large-scale integrated circuits. With rapid development IC integration, devices assembled using BGA generally have greater complexity. However, defects can seriously affect device performance bring difficulties to product quality inspection. More importantly, process defect inspection, high complexity...

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) generators are used for testing the robustness of electronics towards ESD. Most built in accordance with IEC 61000-4-2 specifications. It is shown that voltage induced a small loop correlates failure level observed an ESD test on systems comprising fast CMOS devices, while rise time and current derivative did not correlate well. The electric parameters compared typical modified effect investigated. consequences aligning standard suggestions this paper discussed...

Previously, the electromagnetic analysis of large semi-open structures, like vehicles, was presented, formulated as a scattering problem, illuminated by wide range incident EM fields (Zaridze, R. et al., Proc. 2003 IEEE Int. Antennas and Propag. Symp./USNC/CNC/URSI North American Radio Science Meeting, 2003). The effect resonances within structure on RCS, near pattern reradiated shown. We now consider interaction entire performance an antenna together with investigation field distributions...

Cone-beam computed tomography is a noninvasive detection system that can obtain the three-dimensional structure of objects in way does not damage object. It widely applied precision instruments, medical detection, and other fields. However, actual process, if geometric artifact appears results, it will affect quality reconstructed images, including detail loss decreased spatial resolution, which leads to inaccurate distinction defects detection. We propose method for correcting by means...