A5085174054- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Older Adults Driving Studies
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Personality Traits and Psychology
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Transportation and Mobility Innovations
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Mind wandering and attention
- Speech and dialogue systems
- Frailty in Older Adults
Washington University in St. Louis
2005-2019
University of Alabama at Birmingham
1997
Bridge University
1997
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
1997
University of Washington
1991
Neurological Surgery
1988
Iowa State University
1984
Stanford University
1979
Cornell University
1979
Temple University
1979
Abstract Five groups of participants (young, healthy old, old-old, very mild Dementia the Alzheimer's Type, Mild Type) studied and were tested on six 12-item lists words selected from DRM (Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995) materials. These strongly converged semantically a nonpresented critical word. The results indicated that both veridical recall recognition performance decreased as function age dementia severity. However, highly related items actually increased age, only slightly...
There is a growing need for methods measuring and staging the natural history of dementia Alzheimer type. One instrument, designed with that purpose in mind, Washington University Clinical Dementia Rating. We tested its reliability using multiple clinicians videotape-design study, it proved reliable under these study conditions.
Objectives: To longitudinally assess on‐road driving performance in healthy older adults and those with early‐stage dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). Design: A prospective longitudinal study. Setting: Large urban medical center surrounding area. Participants: sample 58 controls, 21 participants very mild DAT, 29 DAT participated. was diagnosed using validated clinical diagnostic criteria staged according to Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale. Measurements: Healthy controls individuals...
To assess the reliability and stability of a standardized road test for healthy aging people those with dementia Alzheimer type (DAT).A prospective study involving patients DAT age-matched controls in which subjects' driving performance was evaluated by several raters an initial follow-up test.Urban medical school urban highways streets.A convenience sample 58 controls, 36 subjects very mild DAT, 29 DAT.Analysis ability (2 [3%] failed test), (7 [19%] failed), (12 [41%] failed) disclosed...
Abstract Forty‐three subjects with mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT, so‐called probable Alzheimer's disease) were studied longitudinally by serial administration several tests to rate dementia. Comparison was made 58 healthy elderly controls. The clinical diagnosis confirmed in all 16 autopsies. At 5 years after entry into study, cumulative nursing home placement 73%, and death, 30%, rising at 7 84% 44%, respectively. Four six measures found correlate natural history SDAT....
An experiment was conducted to address age-related differences in lexical access, spreading activation, and pronunciation. Both young older adults participated a delayed pronunciation task trace the time course of access semantic priming activation. In task, subjects were presented word then, after varying delays, cue pronounce aloud. Older benefited considerably more from preexposure than did younger adults, suggesting an difference time. relatedness (related vs. neutral), strength...
The characteristics of response time (RT) distributions beyond measures central tendency were explored in 3 attention tasks across groups young adults, healthy older and individuals with very mild dementia the Alzheimer's type (DAT).Participants administered computerized Stroop, Simon, switching tasks, along psychometric that tap various cognitive abilities a standard personality inventory (NEO-FFI). Ex-Gaussian (and Vincentile) analyses used to capture RT for each participant which afforded...
This study explored differences in intraindividual variability 3 attention tasks across a large sample of healthy older adults and individuals with very mild dementia the Alzheimer's type (DAT). Three groups participants (healthy young adults, DAT) were administered experimental measures attentional selection switching (Stroop, Simon, task switching). The results indicated that measure variability, coefficient variation (CoV; SD/M), increased age early stage DAT. CoV Stroop discriminated...
The present study investigates which cognitive functions in older adults at time A are predictive of conversion to dementia the Alzheimer type (DAT) B. Forty-seven healthy individuals were initially tested 1992-1994 on a trial-by-trial computerized Stroop task along with battery psychometric measures that tap general knowledge, declarative memory, visual spatial processing, and processing speed.Twelve these subsequently developed DAT.The errors color incongruent trials (along difference...
The present study examined the relationship between visual attention measures and driving performance in healthy older adults individuals with very mild dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT). Subjects were administered an on-road assessment three tasks (visual search, monitoring, useful field view). results indicated that error rate reaction time during search best predictors performance. Furthermore, was predictive above beyond simple severity several traditional psychometric tests. suggest...
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference in crash rates and characteristics between drivers with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) nondemented older persons who were controls. DESIGN: A pilot study using 5‐year retrospective analysis state‐recorded data followed by patient enrollment into on road test skills. SETTING: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Washington University St. Louis, Missouri. Subjects enrolled as volunteers longitudinal aging DAT. PARTICIPANTS: One...
This study examined differences in personality the earliest stages of dementia Alzheimer type (DAT) relative to healthy aging, and power discriminating aging from early-stage DAT. Four groups participants (middle-aged controls, older persons with very mild DAT, DAT) their families were administered Costa McCrae's NEO Five-Factor Inventory. On basis both self-report informant report, there was an increase neuroticism a decrease conscientiousness DAT individuals without it, those Moreover,...
Three experiments explored different schedules of retrieval practice in young adults, older and individuals with dementia the Alzheimer type. In each experiment, an initial acquisition phase was presented which participants studied or attempted to retrieve response words cues, followed by a later cued-recall test. Experiment 1 produced benefit expanded over equal-interval during acquisition, but this lost final cued recall. Experiments 2 3, received corrective feedback modified spacing...
An experiment is reported that examines age-related differences in the lag effect and its relation to retention interval. A total of 30 young older adults received both once-presented pairs twice-presented were tested a continuous cued-recall paradigm either after short interval (2 intervening between last presentation pair test) or long (20 test). In addition, separated by 0, 1, 4, 8, 20 pairs. The results replicated interaction has been Glenberg (1976, Journal Verbal Learning Behavior, 15,...
• We studied the reliability of master's-prepared clinical nurse specialists for identification and staging dementia, using videotapes physician assessments both healthy older persons those with senile dementia Alzheimer type. The Washington University (St Louis, Mo) Clinical Dementia Rating system was instrument. results from three nurses, each reviewing 25 videotaped assessments, indicate that agreement is high between physicians presence severity (κ =.75). This study suggests can use...
The present study examined whether prospective memory performance discriminates healthy aging from very mild dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and individuals at risk for DAT because presence apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele. Four groups (young subjects, young-old control old-old subjects with DAT) engaged in an event-based task wherein they responded to a specific word embedded general knowledge test. Results indicated that was clearly impaired group relative older groups....
Early biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed for developing therapeutic interventions. Measures attentional control in Stroop-type tasks discriminate healthy aging from early stage AD and predict future development cognitively normal individuals. Disruption resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) has been reported controls at risk AD. We explored the relationship among Stroop performance, rs-fcMRI, CSF Aβ₄₂ levels older adults.A computerized task (along with standard...
Objective: To assess whether family history (FH) of Alzheimer disease