In the Fourier representation of signals, spectral magnitude and phase tend to play different roles in some situations many important features a signal are preserved if only is retained. Furthermore, under variety conditions, such as when finite length, information alone sufficient completely reconstruct within scale factor. this paper, we review discuss these observations results number contexts applications. Specifically, intelligibility phase-only reconstruction for images, speech,...

Over the past several years there has been considerable attention focused on problem of enhancement and bandwidth compression speech degraded by additive background noise. This interest is motivated factors including a broad set important applications, apparent lack robustness in current speech-compression systems development potentially promising practical solutions. One objective this paper to provide an overview variety techniques that have proposed for A second suggest unifying framework...

In our preliminary theory of intensity resolution [e.g., see N. I. Durlach and L. D. Braida, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 46, 372-383 (1969)], two modes memory operation are postulated: the trace mode context-coding mode. this paper, we present a revised model which describes explicitly process by sensations coded relative to context predicts edge effect [L. Braida Durlach, 51, 483-502 (1972); E. Berliner, 61, 1256-1267 (1977)]. The sensation arising from given stimulus presentation is determining...

In this paper, we describe an extension of our preliminary theory intensity resolution [Durlach and Braida, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 46, 372–383 (1969)] to include loudness comparisons among different types stimuli. The extended relates mean matches discrimination provides a framework for the interpretation results on intrasubject variability comparisons. predicted relation between is essentially same as that proposed by Riesz [J. 5, 211–216 (1933)]. With regard comparisons, model except new term...

Main text We present primary spectroscopic measurements of line intensities in the 3-0 vibrational band 12 C 16 O. This international measurement campaign was organized under auspices Consultative Committee for Amount Substance (CCQM) and involved six laboratories carrying out independent more than forty rotation-vibration transitions. A total three techniques on samples pure carbon monoxide were applied this intercomparison, including Fourier transform spectroscopy, cavity ring-down mode...

We review and interpret previous results of Fourier synthesis a signal from its partial Fourier-domain information. Specifically, the high intelligibilities phase-only, signed-magnitude-only, one-bit–phase-only signals are shown to be closely related one another. In addition, we develop new on exact reconstruction

The photoinduced hydrogen (or deuterium) detachment reaction of thiophenol (C(6)H(5)SH) or thiophenol-d(1) (C(6)H(5)SD) pumped at 243 nm has been investigated using the H (D) ion velocity map imaging technique. Photodissociation products, corresponding to two distinct and anisotropic rings observed in D) images, are identified as lowest electronic states phenylthiyl radical (C(6)H(5)S). Ab initio calculations show that singly occupied molecular orbital is localized on sulfur atom it oriented...

Data from 15 modern studies are used to characterize the deviations Weber’s law for intensity discrimination of 1000-Hz tone pulses. The results show that is satisfied in region 10–40 dB SL, resolution descreases with decreasing below 10 SL and increases increasing above 40 at 90 roughly 2.5 times better than SL. Subject Classification: [43]65.50, [43]65.75.

An algorithm for designing a Chebyshev optimal FIR filter that approximates an arbitrary complex-valued frequency response is presented. This computes the by solving dual to design problem. It guaranteed converge theoretically and requires O(N/sup 2/) computations per iteration of length N. For first time, properties are derived, case where desired has constant group delay studied in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Intramolecular orbital alignment can be controlled by conformational tuning of the initial wavepacket location on two-dimensional potential-energy surfaces thiophenol (see picture; CI=conical intersection). Chemical substitution induces preference, leading to a dramatic change branching ratio between X̃ and à states phenylthiyl radical.

The S−D bond dissociation dynamics of thiophenol-d1 (C6H5SD) pumped at 266, 243, and 224 nm are examined using the velocity map ion imaging technique. At both 266 243 nm, distinct peaks associated with X̃ à states phenylthiyl radical (C6H5S·) observed in D+ image high low kinetic energy regions, respectively. partitioning available into vibrational is found to be enhanced much more strongly compared that nm. This indicates ππ* electronic excitation accompanied by significant excitation....

In-plane or out-of-plane: Two low-energy states of the phenylthiyl radical were observed in photodissociation [D1]thiophenol. The relative orientation singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) distinguishes two species, namely X̃(B1) and Ã(B2). This is largely localized on sulfur atom exhibits atomic-orbital-like alignment with respect to plane (see picture).

A one-dimensional (1-D) approach to the problem of adaptive image restoration is presented. In this approach, we use a cascade four 1-D filters oriented in major correlation directions image, with each filter treating as signal. The objective developing techniques using improve performance two-dimensional (2-D) for restoration. This differs considerably from previous approaches, objectives which have typically been approximate 2-D computational reasons and not its performance. applied...

Conical intersection as a dynamic funnel in nonadiabatic transition dictates many important chemical reaction outputs such rates, yields, and energy disposals especially for reactions taking place on electronically excited states. Therefore, the energetics topology of conical intersections have been subjected to intensive theoretical experimental studies decades these things are keys understanding controlling transitions which ubiquitous nature. In this article, we focus πσ*-mediated...

Herein, the multi-dimensional nature of conical intersection seam has been experimentally revealed in photodissociation reaction thioanisole-d3 (C6H5SCD3) excited on S1, giving C6H5S·(${\rm \tilde A}$Ã or ${\rm X}$X̃) +·CD3 products. The translational energy distribution nascent·CD3 fragment, reflecting relative yields A}$Ã) and products, was measured at each S1 vibronic band using velocity map ion imaging technique. Direct access reactant flux to leads increase nonadiabatic transition...

In this study, standard gas mixtures of SF6 in synthetic air were gravimetrically developed as a suite consisting 6 with mole fractions ranging from 5 to 15 pmol/mol. For precision weighing the fills, an automatic system coupled high sensitivity mass balance was used and gravimetry 3 mg (2σ) achieved. Impurity profiles raw gases determined by various analyzers. particular, sub pmol/mol levels matrix components (N2, O2, Ar) carefully measured, since fraction final step can be significantly...

This study presents a method for calibrating the isotope ratios of total carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in particulate matter (PM) collected from Seoul metro using an elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS). Mixtures reference materials (MRMs) U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) formed input dataset generalized least squares (GLS) regression to yield calibration lines. The analytical proposed this enabled measurement stable...

This standard for digital high-definition television has been submitted to the Federal Communications Commission its approval. Based as it is on MPEG-2 video compression and transport protocol, multiple transmission formats, Dolby AC-3 audio, vestigial sideband modulation, this HDTV system will supply home with superb images spectacular sound while also, part of National Information Infrastructure (NII), relaying data. An employing compression, packetization, modulation techniques a marked...

In conventional bit-rate control, the buffer level is controlled by adapting quantization step size with a fixed frame rate and spatial resolution. We consider multidimensional (M-D) control where rate, resolution are jointly adapted for control. introduce fundamental framework to formalize description of M-D buffer-constrained allocation problem. Given set operating points on grid code nonstationary source in environment, we formulate optimal solution. The formulation allows skipped be...

Abstract. To understand the Korean Peninsula's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sinks as well those of surrounding region, we used 70 flask-air samples collected during May 2014 to August 2016 at Anmyeondo (AMY; 36.53∘ N, 126.32∘ E; 46 m a.s.l.) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station, located on west coast South Korea, for analysis observed 14C in atmospheric CO2 a tracer fossil fuel contribution (Cff). Observed ∕ C ratios (reported Δ values) AMY...

The US HDTV process has fostered substantial research and development activity over the last several years. Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service (ACATS) was formed to advise FCC technology systems suitable for delivery of high definition service terrestrial broadcast channels. Four digital where tested at Testing Center. All gave excellent performance, but results were inconclusive a plan second round tests prepared. As each four being readied retest. proponents individual...

Existing speech spectrograms-the wideband spectrogram and the narrowband spectrogram-are either deficient in time or frequency resolution. The authors present a method to combine two spectrograms by evaluating geometric mean of corresponding short-time Fourier transform magnitudes. combined preserves desirable visual features originals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The dual excitation (DE) speech model is applied to the problem of enhancement. use this and its novel decomposition into coexisting voiced unvoiced components allow removal additive wideband noise from degraded with only knowledge power spectrum noise. unique properties each component are exploited improve performance enhancement system. Informal comparisons between DE system a traditional spectral subtraction algorithm show clear preference for Although amount reduction in two systems was...

A speech model, referred to as the multiband excitation (MBE) has been shown be capable of synthesizing without artifacts common model-based systems and used develop a 4.8 kb/s coder. This system was developed using several new approaches quantize MBE model parameters. These techniques were designed utilize additional redundancy amongst these parameters, thereby permitting more efficient quantization. The result information listening tests indicate that this can achieve high quality for both...