A5061926526- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Forest ecology and management
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Forest Management and Policy
- Geological formations and processes
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Climate change and permafrost
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Marine and environmental studies
- earthquake and tectonic studies
University of Liverpool
2015-2024
National Institutes of Health
2023
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
2023
Vanderbilt University
2020
University of Salford
2002-2015
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2013
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland
1998-2010
Lund University
1996-2001
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
2000
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
1990-1998
Abstract The judicious selection of sites for paleovegetational and paleoclimatic studies permits paleoecologists to answer specific research questions that go beyond primary descriptions past vegetation. We present a model describes the relationship between basin size pollen source area predicts proportions local, extralocal, regional sampled by lake basins different size. distinctive sampling properties lakes, peats, small hollows can be exploited provide details pattern in paleovegetation...
The demand for accurate forecasting of the effects global warming on biodiversity is growing, but current methods have limitations. In this article, we compare and discuss different uses four methods: (1) models that consider species individually, (2) niche-theory group by habitat (more specifically, environmental conditions under which a can persist or does persist), (3) general circulation coupled ocean–atmosphere–biosphere models, (4) species–area curve all large aggregates species. After...
Abstract Background The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap sustainable management. We used expert assessment combine opinions about past future regimes from 99 researchers. asked quantitative qualitative assessments of the...
Scatter diagrams and regression analysis of paired pollen tree—inventory data show how percentages represent the percent basal area for major arboreal genera in Michigan Wisconsin. We that relationship between tree each taxon is generally similar two states comparable size vegetation (Wisconsin Michigan), but influenced by pollen—collecting site surveyed trees around site. These results provide information concerning relative pollen—source seven types: Pinus, Quercus, Betula, Tsuga, Ulmus,...
(1) An analysis of the relationship between pollen frequency and plant numbers in a given area is an essential step if diagrams are to be used as records past tree populations. This was studied by comparing content moss samples with vegetation within 20-m radius each sample site, at seventy-eight sites New Forest, Hampshire, The Mens Cut, Sussex, Bradfield Woods, Suffolk. (2) Linear regression analyse intensity deposition basal area, percentages total per plot for major species. (3)...
Abstract Aim Palaeoecological reconstructions document past vegetation change, with estimates of fast shifts in species distributions. The resulting rates plant spread are often not matched by model simulations climate‐driven dynamics. Genetic surveys extant populations directions the post‐glacial trees, challenging traditional interpretations. Our aim is to examine an updated continental pollen data set from Europe light new ideas about dynamics emerging genetic research and modelling...
Summary We investigated the potential drivers of Holocene vegetation changes recorded at four Scandinavian pollen sites, two in Sweden and Finland, a time when they were largely free anthropogenic influence. used generalized dynamic model LPJ‐GUESS forced with climate anomaly output from an atmospheric general circulation to simulate tree species dynamics 10 000 years ago present. The results compared high‐resolution accumulation rates gathered sites. Our indicate that both observed northern...
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge is becoming increasingly important to evaluate present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Database (EPD) was established in late 1980s developed early 1990s provide a structure archiving, exchanging, analysing Quaternary pollen from Europe. It provides forum scientists meet engage collaborative investigations or analysis. In May...
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many them have been submitted to European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for construction increasingly precise maps Holocene vegetation change across continent. Chronological information EPD expressed uncalibrated radiocarbon years, most chronologies date are based on this time scale. Here we present new datasets stored calibrated years. Age associated with is often derived from...
Palaeoecological studies are yielding fresh insights into slow forest ecosystem processes that rarely observed using standard ecological methods, yet have major impacts on function. Regional pollen data describe the broad features of regional spread trees but yield few stand invasion and facilitating role disturbance. Pollen charcoal from small hollows used to complement in study Picea abies Fagus sylvatica southern Scandinavia during last 4000 years. P. as a migrating front preferentially...
Abstract Aim Understanding the driving forces and mechanisms of changes in past plant distribution abundance will help assess biological consequences future climate change scenarios. The aim this paper is to investigate whether modelled patterns parameters 6000 years ago can account for European Fagus sylvatica at that time. Consideration also given role non‐climatic as Holocene spread population expansion F. . Location Europe. Methods distributions were simulated using a...
1 Norway spruce (Picea abies), one of the dominant tree species in Eurasia, has spread slowly westward northern Europe, invading eastern Finland about 6500 calibrated years ago (cal. BP), central Sweden 2700 cal. BP and southern 1000 BP. Its is most recent best constrained invasion a main Europe allows an assessment colonization patterns associated competitive replacement processes. 2 We analysed five selected high-resolution pollen accumulation rate (PAR) -records along 700-km long transect...
Summary 1. Global wildfire activity and biomass burning have varied substantially during the Holocene in both time space. At regional to continental scale, macroclimate is considered be predominant control regulating activity. By contrast, role of forest tree composition often as a subsidiary factor studies addressing temporal variation 2. Here, we assemble spatially comprehensive data set 75 macroscopic charcoal records that reflect local landscapes are spread over substantial part European...
The European Pollen Database (EPD) is a community effort to archive and make available pollen sequences from across the continent. provide records that may be used infer past vegetation change. We present here maps based on 828 sites EPD giving an overview of changes in postglacial assemblages Europe over 15,000 years. show distribution abundance 54 different taxa at 500 year intervals, supported by new age-depth models associated chronological uncertainty analysis. Results individualistic...
The continental scale migrations of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst. are under a broad climatic control, but disturbance local factors influence the immigration these species into individual forest stands. Palaeoecological analysis small hollow in boreo‐nemoral zone southern Sweden has shown that stand with largely unbroken continuity resisted for almost 1000 years. Two fires about 950 330 years ago were disturbing facilitated eventual immigration. immigrated achieved...