Previous studies have shown that various short- and medium-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) their corresponding monoacylglycerol esters (MGs) antibacterial activity in vitro against primarily gram-positive bacteria. More recent also the growth of Helicobacter spp. is inhibited by linoleic acid arachidonic acid. The purpose present study was to evaluate susceptibility pylori bactericidal properties MGs FFAs. Incubation H. with saturated MGs, ranging carbon chain length from C10:0 C14:0, at 1 mM...

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of 2 different combinations prebiotic ingredients, polydextrose (PDX), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and lactulose (LOS), at intake levels on overall growth tolerance in healthy term infants up 120 days age.Healthy, formula-fed, (n = 226) were randomly assigned 1 3 formula groups: control group 76), PG4 (control supplemented with 4 g/L a blend, n 74), or PGL8 8 76). Anthropometric measurements taken 14, 30, 60, 90, age, 24-hour dietary...

ABSTRACT Supplementation of infant formulas with prebiotic ingredients continues the effort to mimic functional properties human milk. In this double-blind, controlled, 28-day study, healthy term infants received control formula (control group; n = 25) or supplemented polydextrose (PDX) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) (4 g/liter) (PG4 27) PDX, GOS, lactulose (LOS) (either 4 g/liter [PGL4 27] 8 [PGL8 25]). A parallel breast-fed group (BF group) ( 30) was included. Stool characteristics,...

Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding protein which has been shown to inhibit the growth of various bacterial pathogens and promote anaerobic bacteria genus Bifidobacterium in vitro. The present study was designed investigate whether bifidobacteria promotion activity Lf correlated with either binding bifidobacterial cells or iron saturation Lf. Bovine (bLf) from mature milk increased B. infantis breve vitro a dose-dependent fashion, while much less found for bifidum. In contrast, human (huLf)...

An in vitro assay was used to study the growth-promotional activity of human milk (HM), cow's (CM), and whey casein fractions HM CM for five strains Bifidobacterium species isolated originally from stools infants. Whey- casein-predominant CM-based infant formulas were studied as well. When compared on an equivalent protein basis, growth promotion greater than that bifidum serovar pennsylvanicus longum but comparable B. bifidum, infantis, breve. Pasteurization resulted increase a decrease no...

Biosynthesis of cytokinin in shoots was examined by growing rootless tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants vitro. The were originated culturing callus on a high cytokinin-low auxin medium to induce the formation plantlets which then grown without exogenous and auxin. supplied with [(14)C]adenine synthesized ethanol-ethyl acetate-water-soluble radioactive components, portions had same chromatographic electrophoretic mobilities as N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine,...

The effect of oral epidermal growth factor (EGF) on histological and biochemical changes in epithelium the small intestine was studied colostrum-deprived neonatal pigs. Forty-eight pigs were infected at 4 days age with 2 ± 107 plaque-forming units porcine group A rotavirus orally fed a simulated sow-milk diet supplemented 0.0, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/L recombinant human EGF. Sixteen noninfected without EGF supplementation. Infected developed severe diarrhea; they also consumed 25% less food gained...

Intestinal barrier dysfunction is associated with chronic gastrointestinal tract inflammation and diseases such as IBD IBS. Serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) a specially formulated protein preparation (>90%) for oral administration. The composition of SBI greater than 60% immunoglobulin including contributions from IgG, IgA, IgM. Immunoglobulin within the lumen gut has been recognized to have anti-inflammatory properties involved in maintaining homeostasis. binding...

As part of the study cytokinin metabolic pathways, an enzyme, adenosine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.-), which catalyzed ribosylation N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine, N(6)-furfuryladenine, and adenine to form corresponding nucleosides, was partially purified from wheat (Triticum aestivum) germ. The pH optimum for cytokinins 6.5 7.8; guanine hypoxanthine it 7.0 8.5 At 7.2 (63 millimolar N-2-hydroxyethyl piperazine-N'-ethanesulfonic acid) 37 C K(m) N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine 57.1...

This study aimed to determine whether feeding Lactobacillus GG (LGG) at varying levels (10 10 cfu/day) would result in colonization, defined as > or =1,000 cfu of LGG per gram stool 3 5 samples collected during the period.Infants received unsupplemented formula a 7-day baseline, 1 4 formulas containing 0 (control), (low), (medium), (high) day 2-week test, and follow-up. Baseline, follow-up were evaluated for viable LGG.During supplemented infants colonized, compared with control (P < 0.05)....

The effect of orally administered epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the mucosal and hydrolase activity normal damaged small intestine was examined in rats. Adult rats fed EGF daily at 10 times estimated intake from human milk showed increases specific but not total various brush-border hydrolases with unaffected protein content villus-to-crypt ratios through day 9. Ingestion for 13 days resulted significant decreases without changes villus height or activity. oral recovery studied a liquid...

Cytokinin-binding protein was isolated from tobacco culture cells and purified by bioaffinity Sephadex G-200 column chromatographies. The affinity prepared coupling periodate-oxidizing N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenosine to cyanogen-bromide-activated Sepharose 4B with adipic acid dihydrazide as a spacer arm, followed borohydride reduction of the oxidized ribose moiety cytokinin riboside. amount molecule coupled gel ranged 6 7 μmol/ml reaction proceeded most efficiently in pH range 5–6. binding...

Although a number of studies have shown that various free fatty acids (FFAs) and monoacylglycerides (MGs) bactericidal properties in vitro, the role these compounds vivo has not been determined. This study evaluated antibacterial medium-chain MGs FFAs for different bacterial enteropathogens with an in-vitro killing assay in-vivo model intestinal colonisation. Incubation test bacteria 4 h led to 100–10 000-fold reductions numbers viable cells Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei...

Previous studies have shown that oral administration of bovine immunoglobulin protein preparations is safe and provides nutritional intestinal health benefits. The purpose this study was to evaluate the plasma amino acid response following a single dose serum-derived immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) whether G (IgG) present in stool or blood multiple doses SBI healthy volunteers.A total 42 adults were administered placebo at one three (5 g, 10 20 g) blinded fashion then continued on (2.5...

Bovine milk immunoglobulin concentrates have been proposed for inducing passive immunity against various enteric pathogens. In vitro digestion studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of gastrointestinal secretions on virus-neutralizing activity a concentrate prepared from colostrum cows that immunized with rotavirus. The proteolytic human gastric and duodenal fluid specimens was used design two-stage in model commercial enzymes estimating individual impact pepsin, acid, select...