The limits of human visual short-term memory (VSTM) have been well documented, and recent neuroscientific studies suggest that VSTM performance is associated with activity in the posterior parietal cortex. Here we show artificially elevating via positively charged electric current through skull can rapidly effortlessly improve people9s performance. This artificial improvement, however, comes an interesting twist: it interacts natural capability such low performers who tend to remember less...

Drug resistance is the main obstacle in improvement of chemotherapeutic efficacy glioblastoma. Previously, we showed that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), one kind androgen/neurosteroid, potentiates glioblastoma to acquire through attenuating DNA damage. Androgen receptor (AR) activated by DHEA or other types androgen was reported promote drug prostate cancer. However, DHEA-enriched microenvironment, role AR acquiring remains unknown. In this study, found expression significantly correlated...

The role of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) in controlling gene expression lung tumor development and metastasis is not well understood. In this study, we showed that the Sp1 level was highly increased required for growth transgenic mice bearing Kras-induced tumors under control doxycycline. Furthermore, upregulated adenocarcinoma cells with low invasiveness patients stage I cancer. We also demonstrated downregulated high IV adenocarcinoma. Moreover, inversely regulated migration, invasion vivo....

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of short, non-coding RNAs that regulate protein synthesis through posttranscriptional modifications. In this study, we found significant upregulation miR-18a in prostate cancer specimens and cell lines compared with the normal controls. MiRNAs can be separated into two groups based on whether they tumor suppressors or oncogenes. our previous miR-18a, which belongs to miR17-92 cluster, is upregulated cancer; objective study was investigate associated...

Abstract We have previously demonstrated that USP24 is involved in cancer progression. Here, we found expression upregulated M2 macrophages and lung cells. Conditioned medium from USP24-knockdown decreases the migratory chemotactic activity of cells angiogenic properties human microvascular endothelial cell 1 (HMEC-1). IL-6 significantly decreased cells, IL-6-replenished conditioned restores migratory, angiogenetic stabilizes p300 β-TrCP to increase levels histone-3 acetylation NF-κB, DNMT1...

Glioblastoma is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Although the use of first-line temozolomide can reduce tumor growth, therapy-induced stress drives stem cells out quiescence, leading to chemoresistance glioblastoma recurrence. The specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor known protect against temozolomide; however, how hijack this gain resistance therapy not known.Sp1 acetylation in temozolomide-resistant stemlike tumorspheres was analyzed by immunoprecipitation...

While temozolomide (TMZ) has been a cornerstone in the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), significant challenge emergence resistance to TMZ, which compromises its clinical benefits. Additionally, nonspecificity TMZ can lead detrimental side effects. Although is capable penetrating blood–brain barrier (BBB), our research addresses need for targeted therapy circumvent mechanisms and reduce off-target This study introduces use PEGylated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) with...

Abstract Exposure of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells to calcitriol results in a decrease steady-state levels c-myc mRNA and induces cellular differentiation. We have asked whether has direct effect on the transcription gene. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) decreased RNA elongation nuclear run-off assay by 4 h after treatment. In continuous presence 1,25-(OH)2D3, cell was 38% at abolished 48 h. contrast, beta-actin not affected 1,25-(OH)2D3 The rate proportional number nuclei time....

// Wen-Bin Yang 1 , Ping-Hsin Chen 2 Tsung-I Hsu 3 Tzu-Fun Fu 4 Wu-Chou Su 5 Hungjiun Liaw 6 Wen-Chang Chang 7 and Jan-Jong Hung 1,2,3,7 Institute of Bioinformatics Biosignal Transduction, College Bioscience in Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan Department Pharmacology, Medicine, Center for Infectious Disease Signal Transduction Research, Medical Laboratory Science Internal Medicine Hospital, Life Sciences, Graduate Neurotrauma Neuroregeneration, Taipei 110,...

Acquisition of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is a major factor leading to the failure glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. The exact mechanism by which GBM evades TMZ toxicity not always related expression DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and so remains unclear. In this study, TMZ-resistant variants derived from MGMT-negative clinical samples cell lines were studied, revealing there be increased specificity protein 1 (Sp1) associated with reduced reactive oxygen...

Sp1 is involved in the recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) due to acquirement resistance temozolomide (TMZ). Particularly, role metabolic reprogramming for drug remains unknown.RNA-Seq and mass spectrometry were used analyze gene expression metabolites amounts paired GBM specimens (primary vs. recurrent) cells (sensitive resistant). ω-3/6 fatty acid arachidonic (AA) metabolism patients analyzed by targeted metabolome. Mitochondrial functions determined Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test, RNA-Seq,...

Platinum-based drugs are very useful in cancer therapy but associated with neurotoxicity the clinic. To investigate mechanism of neurotoxicity, dorsal root ganglia rats treated various platinum were studied. Cell body, nuclear and nucleolar dimensions sensory nerve cells measured to determine morphological toxicity. Sensory conduction velocity was functional After a single dose oxaliplatin (10 mg kg–1), no significant change cell body diameter seen decreased size apparent within few hours...

Previous studies have shown that the inhibitory effect of betulinic acid (BA) on specificity protein 1 (Sp1) expression is involved in prevention cancer progression, but mechanism this remains to be delineated. In study, we determined BA treatment HeLa cells increased sumoylation Sp1 by inhibiting sentrin-specific protease expression. The subsequent recruitment E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING finger 4 resulted ubiquitin-mediated degradation a 26S-proteosome-dependent pathway. addition, both...

Structural analysis of tazemetostat, an FDA-approved EZH2 inhibitor, led us to pinpoint a suitable site for appendage with pharmacophoric fragment second-generation HSP90 inhibitors. Resultantly, magnificent dual EZH2/HSP90 inhibitor was pinpointed that exerted striking cell growth inhibitory efficacy against TMZ-resistant Glioblastoma (GBM) lines. Exhaustive explorations chemical probe 7 several revelations such as (i) compound increased apoptosis/necrosis-related gene expression, whereas...

The precise organization of neural circuits requires highly specific axon guidance, facilitated by cell-surface guidance receptors on axonal growth cones that help neurons reach their target destinations. Despite a limited repertoire known and ligands, systems achieve complex networks, suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms exist. One proposed strategy is the co-expression ligands same axons, allowing modulation receptor responsiveness to cues. To investigate this mechanism, we studied...

Since decades after temozolomide was approved, no effective drugs have been developed. Undoubtedly, blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration is a severe issue that should be overcome in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) drug development. In this research, we were inspired by linezolid through structural modification with several bioactive moieties to achieve the desired brain delivery. The results indicated histone deacetylase modification, referred as compound 1, demonstrated promising cytotoxic...

Background: Cognitive training is an evidence-based intervention for preserving memory in older adults. The effectiveness of cognitive varies, depending on the approach used. This study examined efficiency using multiple mnemonic strategies Methods: adopted a pretest-posttest control-group design, with all participants undergoing two neuropsychological assessments. program consisted four 60-minute sessions over month. In interventions, practiced elaboration and self-reference. effect was...

The exact mechanism underlying increases in Sp1 and the physiological consequences thereafter remains unknown. In rat primary cortical neurons, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) causes an increase H 2 O as well early ischaemia but apparently does not change mRNA level or stability. We hereby identified a longer 5′-UTR that contains internal ribosome entry site (IRES) regulates rapid efficient translation of existing mRNAs. By using polysomal fragmentation bicistronic luciferase assays, we...

Abstract Steroidogenesis-mediated production of neurosteroids is important for brain homeostasis. Cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1), which converts pregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in endocrine organs and the brain, required prostate cancer progression acquired chemotherapeutic resistance. However, whether CYP17A1-mediated DHEA synthesis involved tumor malignancy, especially glioma, most prevalent tumor, unknown. To investigate role CYP17A1 we determined that expression...

Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) are proposed to be responsible for high resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. In order find new strategies aimed at reducing GSC stemness and improving GBM patient survival, we investigated the effects mechanism of a histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), since HDAC activity has been linked cancer cell (CSC) abundance properties.Human lines were plated serum-free suspension cultures allowed sphere forming...

Abstract Background Intratumor subsets with tumor-initiating features in glioblastoma are likely to survive treatment. Our goal is identify the key factor process by which cells develop temozolomide (TMZ) resistance. Methods Resistant cell lines derived from U87MG and A172 were established through long-term co-incubation of TMZ. Primary tumors obtained patients maintained as patient-derived xenograft for studies tumor-initating (TIC) features. The manifestations assessed gene modulated...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor. Although histone deacetylase (HDAC)/transcription factor axis promotes growth in GBM, whether HDACs including HDAC6 are involved modulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to affect GBM malignancy remains obscure.Integrative analysis of microarray RNA-seq was performed identify lncRNAs governed by HDAC6. Half-life measurement RNA-protein pull-down assay combined with isobaric tags for relative absolute quantitation...