A5010913269- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Subterranean biodiversity and taxonomy
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geological formations and processes
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Fossil Insects in Amber
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
University of Lausanne
2018-2025
Ministère de la Culture
2015-2025
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
2017-2025
Université Paris-Saclay
2016-2025
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2025
Institut photonique d'analyse non-destructive européen des matériaux anciens
2014-2024
Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie
2022
Institut des Sciences de la Terre
2021
Synchrotron soleil
2015-2020
Ministère de la Culture
2019
The peopling of the Americas and human interaction with Pleistocene megafauna in South America remain hotly debated. Santa Elina rock shelter Central Brazil shows evidence successive settlements from around last glacial maximum (LGM) to Early Holocene. Two archaeological layers include rich lithic industry associated remains extinct giant ground sloth Glossotherium phoenesis. thousands osteoderms (i.e. dermal bones), three which were human-modified. In this study, we perform a traceological...
Abstract Euchelicerata is a clade of arthropods comprising horseshoe crabs, scorpions, spiders, mites and ticks, as well the extinct eurypterids (sea scorpions) chasmataspidids. The understanding ground plans relationships between these crown-group euchelicerates has benefited from discovery numerous fossils. However, little known regarding origin early evolution euchelicerate body plan because their Cambrian sister taxa synziphosurines, group Silurian to Carboniferous stem with chelicerae...
Abstract Coleoidea (squids and octopuses) comprise all crown group cephalopods except the Nautilida. Coleoids are characterized by internal shell (endocochleate), ink sac arm hooks, while nautilids lack an sac, suckers, have external conch (ectocochleate). Differentiating between straight conical conchs (orthocones) of Palaeozoic other ectocochleates is only possible when rostrum (shell covering chambered phragmocone) body chamber preserved. Here, we provide information on how this...
X-ray Raman multispectral imaging identifies the 3D chemistry of carbon in entire organic paleontological specimens.
Abstract Widespread preservation of fossilized biomolecules in many fossil animals has recently been reported six studies, based on Raman microspectroscopy. Here, we show that the putative signatures organic compounds these fossils are actually instrumental artefacts resulting from intense background luminescence. spectroscopy is detection photons scattered inelastically by matter upon its interaction with a laser beam. For natural materials, this also generates luminescence signal often...
Early Palaeozoic sites with soft-tissue preservation are predominantly found in Cambrian rocks and tend to capture past tropical temperate ecosystems. In this study, we describe the diversity of Cabrières Biota, a newly discovered Ordovician Lagerstätte from Montagne Noire, southern France. The Biota showcases diverse polar assemblage both biomineralized soft-bodied organisms preserved iron oxides. Echinoderms extremely scarce, while sponges algae abundantly represented. Non-biomineralized...
The interpretation of flattened fossils remains a major challenge due to compression their complex anatomies during fossilization, making critical anatomical features invisible or hardly discernible. Key are often hidden under greatly preserved decay prone tissues, an unpreparable sedimentary matrix. A method offering access such is paramount interest resolve taxonomic affinities and study after least possible invasive preparation. Unfortunately, the widely-used X-ray micro-computed...
A crucial evolutionary change in vertebrate history was the Palaeozoic (Devonian 419–359 million years ago) water-to-land transition, allowed by key morphological and physiological modifications including acquisition of lungs. Nonetheless, origin early evolution lungs remain highly controversial, particularly whether ancestral state paired or unpaired. Due to rarity fossil soft tissue preservation, lung can only be traced based on extant phylogenetic bracket. Here we investigate, for first...
Abstract Mollusca is the second most species-rich animal phylum, but pathways of early molluscan evolution have long been controversial 1–5 . Modern faunas retain only a fraction past forms in this hyperdiverse and long-lived group. Recent analyses 6–8 consistently recovered fundamental split into two sister clades, Conchifera (including gastropods, bivalves cephalopods) Aculifera 9 , comprising Polyplacophora (‘chitons’) Aplacophora. Molluscan toto characterized by plasticity body-plan...
Examples of photoluminescence (PL) are being reported with increasing frequency in a wide range organisms from diverse ecosystems. However, the chemical basis this PL remains poorly defined, and our understanding its potential ecological function is still superficial. Among mammals, recent analyses have identified free-base porphyrins as compounds responsible for reddish ultraviolet-induced (UV-PL) observed pelage springhares hedgehogs. localization pigments within hair largely to be...
Introduction The Early Ordovician Fezouata Shale Formation (485–475Ma, Morocco) is a critical source of evidence for the unfolding Great Biodiversification Event (GOBE), largest radiation in animal diversity during Paleozoic. preserves abundant remains ancient marine organisms, including hundreds specimens radiodonts, diverse and globally distributed group stem lineage arthropods that first appeared as raptorial predators Cambrian Explosion. Methods In this work, we study 121 radiodont...
Abstract The origin and early diversification of decapod crustaceans their expansion from marine to continental environments are key events in arthropod evolution. Rare fossil decapods known the Palaeozoic, earliest eumalacostracans with undoubted affinities L ate D evonian P alaeopalaemon A ciculopoda , found offshore deposits. Here, we describe a new species shrimp T ealliocaris floodplain temporary pond deposits F amennian ( evonian) B elgium, together rare alaeozoic assemblage other...
Carbon compounds are ubiquitous and occur in a diversity of chemical forms many systems including ancient historic materials ranging from cultural heritage to paleontology. Determining their speciation cannot only provide unique information on origin but may also elucidate degradation processes. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the carbon K-edge (280–350 eV) is very powerful method probe speciation. However, short penetration depth soft X-rays...
Abstract A new notostracan crustacean, S trudops goldenbergi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the well‐preserved terrestrial arthropod fauna of U pper D evonian trud, B elgium. The fossil bears a close resemblance to modern notostracans in possessing large, simple head shield covering almost half whole body, set phyllopodous thoracic appendages and legless posterior abdomen with telson bearing caudal furca. differentiation relative size mouthparts limbs suggest that these specimens are...
The phenomenon of fluorescence can be used by animals to change effective colouration or patterning, potentially serve functions including intra- and interspecific signalling. Initially believed restricted marine animals, fluorescent colours are now being described in an increasing number terrestrial species. Here, we describe unique, highly patterns two species pumpkin toadlets (Brachycephalus ephippium B. pitanga). We establish that the origin lies dermal bone head back, visible through a...
Abstract Precambrian cellular remains frequently have simple morphologies, micrometric dimensions and are poorly preserved, imposing severe analytical interpretational challenges, especially for irrefutable attestations of biogenicity. The 1.88 Ga Gunflint biota is a microfossil assemblage with different types qualities preservation across its numerous geological localities provides important insights into the Proterozoic biosphere taphonomic processes. Here we use synchrotron-based...
Patterns in rare earth element (REE) concentrations are essential instruments to assess geochemical processes Earth and environmental sciences. Excursions the "cerium anomaly" widely used inform on past redox conditions sediments. This proxy resources specificity of cerium adopt both +III +IV oxidation states, while most earths purely trivalent share very similar reactivity transport properties. In practical terms, level anomaly is established through elemental point quantification...
Fossils, including those that occasionally preserve decay-prone soft tissues, are mostly made of minerals. Accessing their chemical composition provides unique insight into past biology and/or the mechanisms by which they preserve, leading to a series developments in and elemental imaging. However, mineral fossils, particularly where tissues preserved, is often only inferred indirectly from data, while X-ray diffraction specifically phase identification received little attention. Here, we...
The chemical study of materials from natural history and cultural heritage, which provide information for art history, archeology, or paleontology, presents a series specific challenges. complexity these ancient historical materials, are chemically heterogeneous, the product alteration processes, inherently not reproducible, is major obstacle to thorough understanding their making long-term behavior (e.g., fossilization). These challenges required development methodologies instruments...