A5061135414- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Forest Management and Policy
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Bioeconomy and Sustainability Development
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy
- 3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2015-2024
University of Leeds
2024
Ecological Society of America
2019
University of Edinburgh
2015
University of Southampton
2007-2013
University of Technology Sydney
2008
Metformin, a drug widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has recently been shown to act on skeletal muscle and liver part through activation AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Whether metformin or satiety factor leptin, which also stimulates AMPK muscle, regulates this enzyme pancreatic islets is unknown. We have that forced increases activity inhibit insulin secretion from MIN6 cells (da Silva Xavier G, Leclerc I, Varadi A, Tsuboi T, Moule SK, Rutter GA. Biochem J 371: 761-774,...
Global warming is resulting in increased frequency of weather extremes. Root-associated fungi play important roles terrestrial biogeochemical cycling processes, but the way which they are affected by extreme unclear. Here, we performed long-term field monitoring root-associated fungus community a short rotation coppice willow plantation, and compared dynamics before after once 100 yr rainfall event that occurred UK 2012. Monitoring was over 3-yr period metabarcoding fungal internal...
Bioenergy is widely included in energy strategies for its GHG mitigation potential. technologies will likely have to be deployed at scale meet decarbonisation targets, and consequently biomass increasingly grown/mobilised. Sustainability risks associated with bioenergy may intensify increasing deployment where feedstocks are sourced through international trade. This research applies the Bioeconomy Indicator Model (BSIM) map analyse performance of across 126 sustainability issues, evaluating...
The early stages of adipocere formation in both pig and human adipose tissue aqueous environments have been investigated. aims were to determine the short-term changes occurring fat deposits during decomposition ascertain suitability pigs as models for decomposition. Subcutaneous from species after immersion distilled water up six months was compared using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Changes...
Abstract In the UK and other temperate regions, short rotation coppice ( SRC ) Miscanthus x giganteus are two of leading ‘second‐generation’ bioenergy crops. Grown specifically as a low‐carbon (C) fossil fuel replacement, calculations climate mitigation provided by these crops rely on accurate data. There concerns that uncertainty about impacts soil C stocks transitions from current agricultural land use to could lead either an under‐ or overestimate their potential. Here, for locations...
Abstract The effect of a transition from grassland to second‐generation (2G) bioenergy on soil carbon and greenhouse gas ( GHG ) balance is uncertain, with limited empirical data which validate landscape‐scale models, sustainability criteria energy policies. Here, we quantified carbon, emissions whole ecosystem for short rotation coppice SRC willow paired site, both planted at commercial scale. We the 2‐year period captured effects harvest in end first cycle. Soil fluxes nitrous oxide (N 2...
Knowledge transfer depends on the motivations of target users. A case study intention Indonesian coffee farmers to use a tree canopy trimming technique in pine–based agroforestry highlights path-dependency and complexity social-ecological relationships. Farmers have contracts permitting cultivation under pine trees owned by state forestry company but no right fell trees. multidisciplinary international team scientists supported at University Brawijaya Forest East Java trial improve light for...
Abstract Despite a growing body of research linking bioenergy cultivation to changing patterns biodiversity, there has been remarkably little interest in how plantations affect key ecosystem processes underpinning important services. In this study, we compare the predation by ground arthropods and litter decomposition varied between Short Rotation Coppice ( SRC ) willow alternative land‐uses: arable set‐aside (agricultural land taken out production). We deployed bags measure variation...
To achieve net zero greenhouse gas emission by 2050 as set out the 2019 amendment to 2008 UK Climate Change Act, a major shift towards renewable energy is needed. This includes development of new methods along with improving and upscaling existing technologies. One example in bioenergy developing
The Indonesian state forest managers have accepted farmer-managed coffee agroforestry in their estates as part of social forestry program. Access by local farming communities to state-owned plantation supports public motivation maintain cover. However, balancing the expectations and needs with those is not easy. Coffee yields Indonesia are lower than neighboring countries, suggesting that there scope for improvement. Here we describe an experimental research platform developed through...
Abstract New biomass crop hybrids for bioeconomic expansion require yield projections to determine their potential strategic land use planning in the face of global challenges. Our growth simulation incorporates radiation interception and conversion efficiency. Models often leaf area predict which is demanding accurately, so instead we low‐cost rapid light measurements using a simple laboratory‐made line ceptometer relate dynamics canopy closure thermal time, biomass. We apply model project...
Pruning and fertilization practices plays an important role in coffee plantation, used to maintain soil quality productivity.However, the impact of pruning on microbial activity under coffee-based agroforestry are poorly understood.The aimed this study was analyze response properties (i.e., biomass C (SMBC) respiration rates (SR)) management UB (Universitas Brawijaya) Forest.A split-plot design with eight treatments three replications were experiment.The main-plot factor consisted two types...
Abstract Oilseed rape ( OSR , Brassica napus L.) is an important feedstock for biodiesel; hence, carbon dioxide CO 2 ), methane CH 4 ) and particularly fertilizer‐derived nitrous oxide (N O) emissions during cultivation must be quantified to assess putative greenhouse gas GHG savings, thus creating urgent increasing need such data. Substrates of nitrification [ammonium NH )] denitrification [nitrate NO 3 )], the predominant N O production pathways, were supplied separately in combination a...
Abstract Land‐use change can have significant impacts on soil and aboveground carbon (C) stocks there is a clear need to identify sustainable land uses which maximize C mitigation potential. transitions from agricultural bioenergy crops are increasingly common in Europe with one option being Short Rotation Forestry ( SRF ). Research the impact of establishment limited, but given potential for this crop temperate climates, an evident knowledge gap. Here, we examine changes stock following...
Abstract The UK sixth carbon budget has recommended domestic biomass supply should increase to meet growing demand, planting a minimum of 30,000 hectares perennial energy crops year by 2035, with view establishing 700,000 2050 the requirements balanced net zero pathway. Miscanthus is key crop scale up production in United Kingdom. A cohesive land management strategy, based on robust evidence, will be required ensure upscaling miscanthus cultivation maximizes environmental and economic...
Land use change driven alteration of microbial communities can have implications on belowground C cycling and storage, although our understanding the interactions between plant inputs soil microbes is limited. Using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA's) we profiled under two contrasting UK perennial bioenergy crops, Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) willow Miscanthus Giganteus (miscanthus), used 13C – pulse labelling to investigate how recent carbon (C) assimilates were transferred through tissues...
Abstract A global, unified dataset on Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) changes under perennial crops has not existed till now. We present a harmonised database SOC change resulting from crop cultivation. It contains information about 1605 paired-comparison empirical values (some of which are aggregated data) 180 different peer-reviewed studies, 709 sites, 58 types, 32 countries in temperate, tropical and boreal areas; including species used for food, bioenergy bio-products. The also climate, soil...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important pool susceptible to land-use change (LUC). There are concerns that converting grasslands into the C4 bioenergy crop Miscanthus (to meet demands for renewable energy) could negatively impact SOC, resulting in reductions of greenhouse gas mitigation benefits gained from using as a fuel. This work addresses these by sampling soils (0-30 cm) site 12 years (T12) after conversion marginal agricultural grassland x giganteus and four other novel hybrids....
Abstract In this paper, we focus on the impact soil organic carbon ( SOC ) of two dedicated energy crops: perennial grass M iscanthus x G iganteus and short rotation coppice SRC )‐willow. The amount sequestered in is a function site‐specific factors including texture, management practices, initial levels climate; for these reasons, both losses gains were observed previous ‐willow studies. ECOSSE model was developed to simulate C dynamics greenhouse gas emissions mineral soils. performance...