Abstract Several recent studies have found variability in the Northern Hemisphere winter climate related to different parameters of solar activity. While these results consistently indicate some kind modulation tropospheric and stratospheric circulation surface temperature, opinions on exact mechanism driver differ. Proposed drivers include, e.g., total irradiance (TSI), UV radiation, galactic cosmic rays, magnetospheric energetic particles. are difficult distinguish because their closely...

Recent research has shown that energetic particle precipitation into the upper atmosphere can change ion and neutral chemistry, e.g., by enhancing NO x concentration in mesosphere, which, turn, affect stratospheric ozone balance under appropriate conditions. It been suggested this may surface temperatures at high latitudes modulating tropospheric circulation. Motivated such results, we compare here wintertime electron (EEP) with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) air temperature (SAT) Northern...

Abstract Energetic electron precipitation (EEP) is an important source of polar nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the upper atmosphere. During winter, mesospheric NO has a long chemical lifetime and transported to stratosphere by mean meridional circulation. Climate change expected accelerate this circulation therefore increase descent rates. We investigate Southern Hemispheric distribution during 21st century under variety future scenarios using simulations Whole Atmosphere Community Model...

Over the past decades, numerous observations and model studies have provided substantial evidence that space weather, through particle precipitation, affects chemistry dynamics of stratosphere. Concurrently, significance stratospheric dynamics, particularly in winter short-range seasonal forecasts, has been highlighted. However, there little effort to integrate knowledge from these two research fields. This review aims bridge gap between Space Physics Climate communities. It will...

We report here on new problems in the NOAA/MEPED instruments and related energetic proton dataset. These are solved, implied modifications to earlier recalibration of dataset evaluated adopted. show that, besides degrading due radiation damage, NOAA‐12 NOAA‐08 satellites suffer from increased electronic noise back detector instrument. correct effects noise, present improved estimates for effective energy thresholds MEPED detectors which now determined more robustly than previously. that...

Mutually conflicting results have been presented in earlier studies on the long-term relation of geomagnetic activity (GA) and winter northern annular mode (NAM) its modulation by quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). Some found a stronger positive easterly phase QBO, while other was westerly QBO. Using QBO reconstruction from beginning twentieth century we find that GA-NAM is temporally variable, which explains earlier, seemingly differing results. Positive to be valid at 30 hPa for whole...

Abstract Energetic electron precipitation (EEP) affects the high‐latitude middle atmosphere by producing NO X compounds that destroy ozone. Earlier studies have shown in wintertime polar stratosphere, increased EEP enhances westerly wind surrounding pole, vortex. This effect has been found to depend on quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) of equatorial winds, but mechanism behind this modulation so far remained unresolved. In study we examine atmospheric and its QBO using corrected flux...

Abstract The Northern polar vortex experiences considerable interannual variability, which is also reflected to tropospheric weather. Recent research has established a link between variations and energetic electron precipitation (EEP) from the near‐Earth space into atmosphere, mediated by EEP‐induced chemical changes causing ozone loss in mesosphere stratosphere. most dramatic are due sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs). Enhanced planetary wave convergence meridional circulation may cause...

We present a new semiempirical model describing the contributions of ring, tail, and magnetopause currents to Dcx index. use isotropic boundary (IB) location energetic particles measured by NOAA/POES satellites, as proxy for tail current strength. Using local linear regression, we derive parameters their functional dependencies on solar wind interplanetary magnetic field IB latitude. The gives whole time interval 1999–2007, performing roughly equally well during all activity levels. find...

Northern Hemisphere winter circulation is affected by both solar and terrestrial forcings. El-Niño events volcanic eruptions have been shown to produce a negative positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) signature, respectively. Recent studies show NAO signature related geomagnetic activity (proxy for wind driven particle precipitation) sunspot irradiance). Here the relative role of these four different drivers on wintertime studied using statistical analysis observational reanalysis data...

Abstract Recent studies suggest a response in the North Atlantic winter circulation which lags by couple of years with respect to sunspot maximum. This has been explained two different top‐down mechanisms: solar wind driven particle effect polar atmosphere during declining phase cycle, and re‐emergence amplification heat anomalies Ocean produced enhanced ultraviolet (UV). Here we study how December February climate is affected solar‐related drivers: geomagnetic activity (proxy precipitation)...

Abstract A sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is a large‐scale disturbance of the wintertime stratosphere, which occurs especially in Northern Hemisphere. Earlier studies have shown that SSW occurrence depends on atmospheric internal factors and solar activity. We examine northern winters 1957/1958–2016/2017, considering several may affect occurrence: Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño–Southern (ENSO), geomagnetic activity, radiation. confirm well‐known result SSWs occur more often...

Abstract. Ozone is expected to fully recover from the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) era by end of 21st century. Furthermore, because anthropogenic climate change, a cooler stratosphere decelerates ozone loss reactions and projected lead super recovery ozone. We investigate distribution over century with four different future scenarios using simulations Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). At century, equatorial upper has roughly 0.5 1.0 ppm more in scenario highest greenhouse gas...

Abstract Energetic Electron Precipitation (EEP) from the plasma sheet and radiation belts ionizes polar lower thermosphere mesosphere. EEP increases production of NO x HO , which will catalytically destroy ozone, an important element atmospheric dynamics. Therefore, measurement latitudinal extent precipitation boundaries is in quantifying effects Sun‐Earth interaction. This study uses measurements by Medium Energy Proton Detector (MEPED) six NOAA/POES EUMETSAT/METOP satellites 2004 to 2014...

Abstract Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) causes ionization of the main constituents Earth's atmosphere which leads to production nitric oxide (NO) throughout polar mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). Due long lifetime NO during winter, it can also be transported deeper into by mesospheric residual circulation (the indirect EEP effect). This study investigates response using Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) version 6. In comparison observations from instrument...

Solar particle events (SPEs) are short-lived bursts of high-energy particles from the solar atmosphere and widely recognized as posing significant economic risks to modern society. Most SPEs relatively weak have minor impacts on Earth’s environment, but historic records contain much stronger which potential alter atmospheric chemistry, impacting climate biological life. The such strong would be far more severe when protective geomagnetic field is weak, during past excursions or reversals....

Northern polar vortex experiences significant variability during Arctic winter. Solar activity contributes to this via solar irradiance and energetic particle precipitation. Recent studies have found that electron precipitation (EEP) affects the by forming ozone depleting NO x compounds. However, it is still unknown how EEP effect compares variabilities caused by, e.g., or terrestrial drivers. In study we examine effects of EEP, irradiance, El-Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), volcanic...

Abstract. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions in the latter part of 20th century reduced stratospheric ozone abundance substantially, especially Antarctic region. Simultaneously, polar is also destroyed catalytically by nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) descending from mesosphere and lower thermosphere during winter. These are produced energetic particle precipitation (EPP) linked to solar activity space weather. Active chlorine (ClOx Cl ClO) can react mutually with EPP-produced NOx or...

Abstract Recently, observational and re‐analysis studies have outlined potentially enhanced influence of Energetic Particle Precipitation (EPP) either at times preceding Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSW) or when the distribution planetary wave activity is suitable. In addition, significant correlations been found between EPP occurrence rate SSWs phases Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO) are taken into account. Here we study during disturbed stratospheric polar vortex conditions using...

Abstract Medium energy electron (MEE) (30–1,000 keV) precipitation enhances the production of nitric (NO x ) and hydrogen oxides (HO throughout mesosphere, which can destroy ozone ( O 3 in catalytic reactions. The dynamical effect direct mesospheric reduction has long been an outstanding question, partly due to concurrent feedback from stratospheric reduction. To overcome this challenge, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 6 is applied specified dynamics mode for year 2010, with...

<p>Energetic electron precipitation (EEP) is an important source of polar nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the upper atmosphere. During winter, mesospheric NOx has a long chemical lifetime and transported to stratosphere by mean meridional circulation. Climate change expected accelerate this circulation therefore increase descent rates. We investigate southern hemispheric distribution during 21<sup>st</sup> century under variety future scenarios using...

The Mansurov effect is related to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and its ability modulate global electric circuit, which further hypothesized impact polar troposphere through cloud generation processes. We investigate connection between IMF B y -component surface pressure by using daily ERA5 reanalysis for geopotential height since 1980. Previous studies produce a 27-day cyclic response during solar cycle 23 appears be significant according conventional statistical tests. However,...

Solar particle events (SPEs) are short-lived bursts of high-energy particles from the solar atmosphere and widely recognized as posing significant economic risks to modern society. Most SPEs relatively weak have minor impacts on Earth’s environment but historic records contain much stronger which potential alter atmospheric chemistry, impacting climate biological life. The such strong would be far more severe when protective geomagnetic field weakened, during past excursions or...