A5090644746- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Irrigation Practices and Water Management
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Forest ecology and management
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Climate change and permafrost
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Forest Management and Policy
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
2016-2025
Abstract Background and aims A better understanding of plant carbon assimilation, water status photosystem performance responses to combined heat drought stress would help optimize grapevine management under such limiting conditions. Methods Gas exchange chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured in potted grapevines, cv Sauvignon Blanc, before, during after simulated six-day (T max = 40 °C) wave using heated well-watered (HW), drought-stressed (HD), non-heated (CW) dry (CD) vines....
Abstract. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), the ratio of net primary production (NPP) over gross (GPP), is a functional parameter that could possibly link current increasingly accurate global GPP estimates with those ecosystem exchange, for which predictors are still unavailable. Nevertheless, CUE actually available only few types, while information regarding agro-ecosystems scarce, in spite simplified spatial structure these ecosystems facilitates studies on allocation patterns and temporal...
Orchards and vineyards are important land use types in Southern Europe.In spite of their potential to sequester atmospheric C mitigate climate change, relatively little is known regarding the influx outflux these systems.The aim this work provide data on budget, including net primary production (NPP), removal through production, sequestration for main fruit tree species (apple, citrus, olive, peach) grown Italy.Standing biomass NPP were measured, ecosystem exchange balance assessed directly,...
Abstract. Recent tracer-based studies using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen showed that different methods for extracting water from plant tissues can return isotopic compositions due to the presence organic compounds because they extract domains. One most used is cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD), which tends total water. Conversely, Scholander-type pressure chamber (SPC), commonly by tree physiologists measure potential in determine stress, expected only more mobile (i.e., xylem...
Increasing water use efficiency is one of the main challenges sustainable fruit tree production. From 2013 to 2015 we measured actual evapotranspiration (ETa) using eddy covariance in a well-irrigated apple orchard located South Tyrol (Italy), sub-humid environment. We assessed experimental crop coefficient (Kcexp) and analyzed dependency Kc on specific environmental variables at daily time scale. Kcexp values changed throughout season following bell-shaped trend were generally lower than...
Improving our knowledge on the relative contribution of irrigation water, precipitation, and groundwater to tree transpiration is necessary for an efficient sustainable use water resources in agriculture. For this purpose, we applied deuterium (2H) enriched trace uptake by apple trees under field pot conditions. 2H-enriched was supplied Alpine valley mimicking sprinkler irrigation. Labeled infiltration soil presence shoots measured over a week. An ancillary experiment using potted performed...
Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen are used in agriculture to investigate the water sources by crops. Yet, isotopic research on irrigated orchards is still scarce. We investigated variability an apple tree plantation Eastern Italian Alps (South Tyrol) during growing seasons 2020 2021. The orchard was subject irrigation trial, whereby a drip system triggered at different soil potential thresholds two treatment types: full (FI, −30 kPa) deficit (DI, −60 kPa). On bi-weekly basis, we sampled...
Xylem is the plant tissue devoted to water transport. Its structure and anatomy vary among tree species, ranging from integrated (i.e., well-connected) sectored networks. While xylem hydraulic sectoring has some advantages (e.g., reduced spread of pathogens embolism), it also limits exchange nutrients between organs in different locations tree. In agricultural settings, where fertilizer inputs are often localized, preferential flow pathways could lead non-homogeneous distribution these...
Abstract Plenty of information on evapotranspiration (ET) dynamics and partitioning into nonbiological (evaporation, E) biological (transpiration, T) components is available in literature. However, agro‐ecosystems where more than one vegetation group found, like intercropping or grassed orchards vineyards, it great use to understand the contribution T due single plant type plants. We deployed empirical modeling methods study ecosystem (ET EC ) a vineyard Caldaro (Italy) aiming assess (a)...
Abstract Model parameterization and validation of earth–atmosphere interactions are generally performed using a single timescale (e.g., nearly instantaneous, daily, annual), although both delayed responses hysteretic effects have been widely recognized. The lack consideration these hampers our capability to represent them in empirical‐ or process‐based models. Here we explore, an apple orchard ecosystem the North Italy as simplified case study, how considered impacts relative importance...
Abstract Understanding root water uptake sources in agricultural systems is becoming increasingly important the sustainable management of resources under changing climatic conditions. In this work, a stable isotope approach was adopted to investigate accessed by apple trees two orchards growing different locations upper Etsch/Adige valley (Eastern Italian Alps). We tested general hypothesis that soil water, composed mixture rain and irrigation main source for tree transpiration both fields,...
Prolonged hot periods known as heat waves (HW) are likely to increase in frequency and intensity due climate change. Several studies analyzed the impact of recent on different un-managed terrestrial ecosystems, while little is about change they provoke carbon water fluxes irrigated agroecosystems. In this study we observations from 6 years continuous eddy covariance measurements (2013–2018) an apple orchard located South Tyrol (Northern Italy), regularly prevent any limitations soil...
A precise knowledge of the grapevine responses to increasing level water stress is utmost relevance for an effective application deficit irrigation strategies in viticulture. Against this background, a study was conducted on potted grapevines subjected two ten-day drought cycles assess their status by integrating information derived from different physiological indexes including whole-plant transpiration (measured gravimetrically and with sap flow sensors), leaf gas exchanges chlorophyll...
Nutritional unbalances, such as calcium deficiency at the fruit level, are generally causative agent of post-harvest disorders in apples. Foliar application Ca chloride is current solution to increase concentration apples, even though effectiveness this approach often not satisfactory. In research, we tested efficacy a combined with selected biostimulants improve apple quality and reduce incidence storage disorders. The experiment was conducted two “Jonathan” orchards that differed...
In this article, we present a new concept for predicting satellite-derived land surface temperature (LST) under cloudy skies over vegetated areas in the Alps. Although many different reconstruction methods have been developed, they require rarely available inputs, or restore missing pixels from clear-sky observations with low spatial resolution (1–5 km), which makes them unreliable heterogenous ecosystems. Given these limitations, propose station-based procedure to predict cloud-covered...