A5083180617- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Forest ecology and management
- Nuts composition and effects
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Irrigation Practices and Water Management
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Plant responses to water stress
- Agricultural and Rural Development Research
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Diverse academic and cultural studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
University of Padua
2008-2023
Abstract Heatwaves exert disproportionately strong and sometimes irreversible impacts on forest ecosystems. These remain poorly understood at the tree species level across large spatial scales. Here, we investigate effects of record-breaking 2018 European heatwave growth water status using a collection high-temporal resolution dendrometer data from 21 53 sites. Relative to two preceding years, annual stem was not consistently reduced by but stems experienced twice temporary shrinkage due...
• A recent theoretical model (the West, Brown and Enquist, WBE model) hypothesized that plants have evolved a network of xylem conduits with tapered structure (narrower distally) which should minimize the cost water transport from roots to leaves. Specific measurements are required test predictions. We sampled both angiosperms gymnosperms (50 trees) growing in different environments heights ranging 0.5 44.4 m, measuring variations xylem–conduit diameter tree top stem base. In all trees...
Summary Trees play a key role in the global hydrological cycle and measurements performed with thermal dissipation method ( TDM ) have been crucial providing whole‐tree water‐use estimates. Yet, different data processing to calculate water use encapsulates uncertainties that not systematically assessed. We quantified conifer sap flux density F d stand caused by commonly applied methods for deriving zero‐flow conditions, dampening sensor calibration. Their contribution has assessed using stem...
• Low temperatures limit the fixation of photosynthates and xylogenesis. Here, we hypothesized that reduced longitudinal growth in trees at high altitude is related to lower hydraulic efficiency transport system. Apical buds Norway spruce (Picea abies) low elevation were heated during 2006 2007. At end experiment, felled. Longitudinal increments tracheid lumen areas measured along stem. conductivity (k) was estimated from anatomical data. Before heating, high-altitude showed fewer (P =...
Abstract. Recent tracer-based studies using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen showed that different methods for extracting water from plant tissues can return isotopic compositions due to the presence organic compounds because they extract domains. One most used is cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD), which tends total water. Conversely, Scholander-type pressure chamber (SPC), commonly by tree physiologists measure potential in determine stress, expected only more mobile (i.e., xylem...
Trees growing at the alpine timberline very seldom undergo severe water stress because of high precipitation during vegetative period.Since trees are adapted to moist con- ditions, moderate deficit may lead a strong reduction in transpiration.Transpiration and xylem potential were measured two individuals each Pinus cembra, Larix decidua Picea abies (2 080 m a.s.l.) north-eastern Italian Alps.From June October 1996 predawn was between -0.29 -1.0 MPa with differences among species.Throughout...
Variation in tree stem diameter results from reversible shrinking and swelling irreversible radial growth, all processes that are influenced by water status. To assess the causal effects of temperature on variation (ΔR) maximum daily shrinkage (MDS), diurnal cycle was divided into three phases: contraction, expansion radius increment. Diurnal cycles were measured during 1996–2004 Picea abies (L.) Karst., Pinus cembra L. Larix decidua Mill. a timberline ecotone to understand links between (v;...
Due to predicted climate change, it is important know what extent trees and forests will be impacted by chronic episodic drought stress. As oaks play an role in European forestry, this study focuses on the growth response of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) pedunculate robur (L.)) under contrasting climatic conditions. Analyses cover both site conditions their natural occurrence (Southern Germany Northeast Italy) beyond range (South Africa). The sites represent possible future...
We used a dual stable isotope approach (2H and 18O) electrical conductivity data in combination with hydrometric measurements to trace water fluxes the soil, stream trees small forested watershed Italian Pre-Alps. The aim was understand main sources for plant transpiration runoff generation. were collected between events during rainfall order assess of tree uptake under different conditions. Sampling analysis are still continuing but preliminary results show that isotopic composition similar...
Thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method (Granier, 1985) is widely used to estimate tree transpiration (i.e., the water evaporated from leaves) because it simple build, easy install, and relatively inexpensive. However, universality of original calibration has been questioned and, in many cases, proved be inaccurate. Thus, when TDP a new species, specific tests should carried out. Our aim was propose for improving accuracy on trees field. Small hazelnut (diameter at breast height 5 cm) were...
Stand-level competition and local climate influence tree responses to increased drought at the regional scale. To evaluate stand density elevation effects on carbon water balances, we monitored seasonal changes in sap-flow (SFD), gas exchange, xylem potential, secondary growth, non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) Abies pinsapo. Trees were subjected experimental thinning within a low-elevation (1200 m), balances compared control plots low high (1700 m). The hydraulic conductivity resistance...
Abstract. Recent tracer-based studies using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen showed that different methods for extracting water from plant tissues can return isotopic composition due to the presence organic compounds extraction pools. One most used extract is cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD), which tends total water. Conversely, Scholander-type pressure chamber (SPC), commonly by tree physiologists measure shoot potential determine stress, has been rarely applied analyses. In this...
A remarkable increase in vapor pressure deficit (VPD) has been recorded the last decades relation to global warming. Higher VPD generally leads stomatal closure and limitations leaf carbon uptake. Assessing tree conductance responses is a key step for modeling plant performances productivity under future environmental conditions, especially when trees are cultivated well outside their native range as hazelnut (Corylus spp.). Our main aim assess stand-level surface canopy (Gsurf ) across...
Silvoarable agroforestry systems have the potential to combat negative effects of climate change while also enhancing productivity per unit land. Although growth rate large-spaced trees remains poorly investigated and yield annual intercrops uncertain, silvoarable with poplar are receiving an ever-growing interest. This study assessed new HES (High Environmental Sustainability) clone, Moncalvo, arranged in 40-m spaced parallel alleys a density 35 ha−1 (SA, silvoarable). Their was compared...
The cultivated area planted with hazelnut is rapidly increasing. species now being in areas where precipitation scarce and irrigation needed for ensuring profitable orchards. Moreover known to be sensitive water shortage as it responds quickly the increase of vapor pressure deficit by reducing stomatal aperture consequently carbon assimilation. However modeling responses different climatic conditions still a challenging task. general aim research was predict collecting data soil...
Climate change and the global economy impose new challenges in management of food-producing trees require studying how to model plant physiological responses, namely growth dynamics phenology. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a multi-stemmed forest species domesticated for nut production now widely spread across different continents. However, information on stem its synchronization with leaf reproductive phenology extremely limited. This study aimed at (i) defining sequencing radial phases...
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