A5088846605- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
East Carolina University
2023-2025
Princeton University
2020-2024
University of Missouri–St. Louis
2014-2018
Saint Louis Zoo
2016
Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Developpement Rural
2013-2015
Université de Montréal
2013
A surprising feature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to date is low burdens reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries relative other global regions. Potential explanations (for example, warmer environments1, younger populations2–4) have yet be framed within a comprehensive analysis. We synthesized factors hypothesized drive pace and burden this SSA during period from 25 February 20 December 2020, encompassing demographic, comorbidity, climatic, healthcare capacity, intervention efforts human...
As human population density continues to increase exponentially, speeding the reduction and fragmentation of primate habitat, greater human‐primate contact is inevitable, making higher rates pathogen transmission likely. Anthropogenic effects are particularly evident in Madagascar, where a diversity endemic lemur species threatened by rapid habitat loss. Despite these risks, knowledge how anthropogenic activities affect exposure pathogens limited. To improve our understanding this interplay,...
Abstract Theoretical models have successfully predicted the evolution of poultry pathogen virulence in industrialized farm contexts broiler chicken populations. Whether there are ecological factors specific to more traditional rural farming that affect is an open question. Within non-industrialized networks, live bird markets known be hotspots transmission, but whether they could shift selection pressures on has not been addressed. Here, we revisit predictions for viral pathogens, such as...
Mycoplasmosis is of concern for chelonian conservation. We detected a Mycoplasma sp. in confiscated radiated tortoises (Astrochelys radiata) and spider (Pyxis arachnoides). Sequence analysis the 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer region was consistent with agassizii. spp. have not been previously reported native Madagascar.
Background Among the families of enteric bacteria are globally important diarrheal agents. Despite their potential for zoonotic and environmental transmission, few studies have examined epidemiology these pathogens in rural systems characterized by extensive overlap among humans, domesticated peridomestic animals. We investigated patterns infection with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella enterica, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia spp. (enterocolitica, pseudotuberculosis)...
Abstract Background While mass COVID-19 vaccination programs are underway in high-income countries, limited availability of doses has resulted few vaccines administered low and middle income countries (LMICs). The Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) is a WHO-led initiative to promote vaccine access equity LMICs providing many the available these settings. However, initial such as Madagascar, need develop prioritization schemes maximize benefits with very supplies. There some consensus that dose...
Health and nutritional assessments of wildlife are important management tools can provide a means to evaluate ecosystem health. Such examinations were performed on 37 white-fronted brown lemurs (Eulemur fulvus albifrons) from four sites in Madagascar. Comparison health parameters between revealed statistically significant differences body weight, temperature, respiratory rate, hematology (white cell count, hematocrit, segmented neutrophil lymphocyte count), serum chemistry (aspartate...
Introduction COVID-19-associated mortality remains difficult to estimate in sub-Saharan Africa because of the lack comprehensive systems death registration. Based on registers referring capital city Madagascar, we sought excess during COVID-19 pandemic and calculate loss life expectancy. Methods Death records between 2016 2021 were used weekly period. To infer its synchrony with circulation SARS-CoV-2, a cross-wavelet analysis was performed. Life expectancy due calculated by projecting rates...
Evaluation of the health, prevalence, and incidence diseases in wild populations is a critical component wildlife management. In addition, establishment reference physiologic parameters can contribute to assessment population risks. Complete medical evaluations were performed on 33 Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) from Kirindy Mitea National Park, Madagascar, during two field captures June 2010 2011. Each animal received complete physical examination: weight, body temperature, heart...
Abstract Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot that facing rapid rates of deforestation, habitat destruction, and poverty. Urgent action required to document the status facilitate efficacious conservation plans. With recent advent portable affordable genetic technologies, it now possible take genomic approaches out lab into field. Mobile genetics labs can produce scientifically reproducible data under field conditions, dramatically minimizing time between sample collection analysis. Here, we...
As the national reference laboratory for febrile illness in Madagascar, we processed samples from first epidemic wave of COVID-19, between March and September 2020. We fit generalized additive models to cycle threshold (Ct) value data our RT-qPCR platform, demonstrating a peak high viral load, low-Ct infections temporally coincident with growth rates estimated real time publicly-reported incidence retrospectively own testing across three administrative regions. additionally demonstrate...
Introduced animals impact endemic populations through predation, competition, and disease transmission. Populations of carnivores in Madagascar are declining, pathogens transmitted from introduced species may further endanger these unique species. We assessed the exposure to common viral parasitic two national parks (Kirindy Mitea National Park Ankarafantsika Park) their neighboring villages. also identified variables associated with presence antibodies fosa ( Cryptoprocta ferox ). were...
Anthropogenic habitat change can have varied impacts on primates, including both negative and positive outcomes. Even when behavioural shifts are seen, they may reflect decreased health, or simply flexibility; understanding this distinction is important for conservation efforts. This study examines habitat-related variation in adult immature morphometrics among diademed sifakas (Propithecus diadema). We collected morphometric data from at Tsinjoarivo, Madagascar (19 years, 188 captures, 113...
Abstract A surprising feature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to date is low burdens reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries relative other global regions. Potential explanations (e.g., warmer environments 1 , younger populations 2–4 ) have yet be framed within a comprehensive analysis accounting for factors that may offset effects climate and demography. Here, we synthesize hypothesized shape pace this its burden as it moves across SSA, encompassing demographic, comorbidity, climatic,...
ObjectivesQuantitative estimates of the impact infectious disease outbreaks are required to develop measured policy responses. In many low- and middle-income countries, inadequate surveillance incompleteness death registration important barriers.DesignHere, we characterize how large an on mortality would have be for being detectable using uniquely detailed notification data from city Antananarivo, Madagascar, with application a recent measles outbreak.ResultsThe weekly rate children during...
Fecal samples from captive and free-living lemurs at Ivoloina Zoological Park (IZP) domestic carnivores six villages surrounding IZP were evaluated between July August 2012. Free-living Betampona Natural Reserve (BNR), a relatively pristine rainforest fragment 40 km away, also in November 2013. All 33 dogs sampled (100%) 16 of 22 cats (72.7%) parasitized, predominantly with nematodes (strongyles, ascarids, spirurids) as well cestodes protozoans. Similar types parasites identified the lemur...
For emerging epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, quantifying travel is a key component of developing accurate predictive models disease spread to inform public health planning. However, in many LMICs, traditional data sets on commuting surveys well non-traditional sources mobile phone are lacking, or, where available, have only rarely been leveraged by community. Evaluating accuracy available measure transmission-relevant may be further hampered limited reporting suspected and...
Abstract Large‐bodied mammals living in fragmented habitats are at higher risk of extinction, and such can be influenced by ecological factors as predator–prey system dynamics. These dynamics particularly complex for conservation management when one endangered species preys on another an isolated or poor‐quality habitat. Here we describe predation events observed over 19 months that involved two threatened species: the largest carnivore Madagascar, fosa ( Cryptoprocta ferox ), three groups...
Abstract Novel multihost pathogens can threaten endangered wildlife species, as well humans and domestic animals. The zoonotic protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is transmitted by members of Felidae infect a large number animal including humans. This have significant health consequences for infected intermediate hosts could further endanger wild carnivore populations Madagascar. Building on an empirical characterization the prevalence pathogen in local mammals, we used mathematical models...
Carnivores of Madagascar are at increased risk extinction due to anthropogenic loss habitat, hunting, and interactions with introduced carnivores. Interactions between native animals also present the potential for introduction pathogens into new geographic areas or host species. Here, we provide serologic data regarding pathogen exposure domestic carnivores from Betampona Natural Reserve Landscape, a protected area in eastern Madagascar. For Eupleridae, found limited evidence viruses but...