Interprofessional teamwork has become an integral feature of healthcare delivery in a wide range conditions and services many countries. Many assumptions are made literature policy about how interprofessional teams function the outcomes teamwork. Realist synthesis is approach to reviewing research evidence on complex interventions which seeks explore these assumptions. It does this by unpacking mechanisms intervention, exploring contexts trigger or deactivate them connecting their subsequent...

Realist synthesis is a theory-driven approach for evaluating complex interventions using empirical evidence, which seeks an explanatory analysis of who intervention works for, how, why, and in what circumstances. Interprofessional teamworking healthcare one such intervention, as teams are influenced by social organizational factors, makes them highly variable context dependent. This article concludes series four articles that report on realist interprofessional teamworking. The identified 13...

Background: The realist approach is a form of theory-driven evaluation developed to strengthen the explanatory power studies and contribute evidence-based policy practice. It generic that can be applied many fields research, including health social care. Content: This article introduces reader outlines its application in empirical literature syntheses. describes how researcher evaluates complex interventions not by asking whether particular programme or intervention ‘works’, but, recognising...

To examine the prevalence of electronic(e)-cigarette use, e-cigarette and tobacco use by age, associations with sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis among young people in Wales.Data from two nationally-representative cross-sectional surveys undertaken 2013-2014. Logistic regression analyses, adjusting for school-level clustering, examined characteristics between smoking.Primary secondary schools Wales.Primary-school children aged 10-11 (n=1601) secondary-school students 11-16...

The socioeconomic inequalities found in child and adolescent mental wellbeing are increasingly acknowledged. Although interventions focus on school holidays as a critical period for intervention to reduce inequalities, no studies have modelled the role of summer holiday experiences explaining wellbeing. For this study, we analysed survey data 103,971 adolescents from 193 secondary schools Wales, United Kingdom, which included measures family affluence, during (hunger, loneliness, time with...

Realist synthesis offers a novel and innovative way to interrogate the large literature on interprofessional teamwork in health social care teams. This article introduces realist its approach identifying testing underpinning processes (or “mechanisms”) that make an intervention work, contexts trigger those mechanisms their subsequent outcomes. A of evidence is described. Thirteen were identified findings for one mechanism, called “Support value” are presented this paper. The other twelve...

Objective To investigate the association of living in foster care (FC) with substance use and subjective well-being a sample secondary school students (11–16 years) Wales 2015/16, to examine whether these associations are attenuated by perceived quality interpersonal relationships. Design Cross-sectional, population-based health behaviour lifestyle questionnaire. Setting participants Wales, UK; young people who took part 2015/16 School Health Research Network (SHRN) questionnaire (n=32 479)....

Objectives To examine the prevalence and frequency of electronic (e)-cigarette use among young people in Wales, associations with socio-demographic characteristics, smoking other substances sequencing e-cigarette tobacco use. Design A cross-sectional survey school students Wales undertaken 2015. Setting 87 secondary schools Wales. Participants Students aged 11–16 (n=32 479). Results Overall, were nearly twice as likely to report ever using e-cigarettes (18.5%) (10.5%). Use at least weekly...

The study of mental wellbeing requires reliable, valid, and practical measurement tools. One the most widely used measures is Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Our aim was to examine psychometric properties SWEMWBS (a brief seven-item version) in a 'real-world' population sample young people. We data from 2017 School Health Research Network Student Survey, completed by 103,971 students years 7 11 193 secondary schools Wales. first estimated polychoric correlation matrices...

Background Falls are a significant concern for hospitals and patients. The risk of falls is particularly heightened around the period hospitalization. Physical therapy (PT) commonly consulted hospitalized patients at-risk falls, yet it unknown how hospital context influences fall prevention practice among physical therapists.

ABSTRACT Education settings are critical for supporting mental wellbeing, but there is limited support specifically care‐experienced children and young people, including gaps in the transition to Further (FE) colleges. Using a mixture of qualitative methods, this study aimed understand wellbeing provision secondary schools FE colleges Wales, UK, those currently or formerly foster, kinship residential care, adopted. Consultations were held with people ( n = 22), adoptive parents carers 17)...

Adolescent self-harm is a major public health concern. To date there limited evidence-base for prevention or intervention, particularly within the school setting. develop effective approaches, it important to first understand context, including existing provision, barriers implementation, and acceptability of different approaches.A convenience sample 222 secondary schools in England Wales were invited participate survey, with 68.9% (n = 153) response rate. One member staff completed survey...

This article is the third in a series reporting process and findings of realist synthesis interprofessional teamwork health social care. The articulated tested four "mechanisms" (processes) related to communication found variable evidence support them. Evidence was strongest for "efficient, open equitable communication" "tactical communication", but lacking shared responsibility element "shared influence" mechanism. Little or oppose mechanism, "team behavioural norms", so its status as...

Health inequalities emerge during childhood and youth, before widening in adulthood. Theorising, testing interrupting the mechanisms through which are perpetuated sustained is vital. Schools viewed as settings inequality young people's health may be addressed, but few studies examine social processes via institutional structures reproduce or mitigate inequalities. Informed by Markham Aveyard's theory of human functioning school organisation, including their concept boundaries, critical...

Young people's wellbeing is often lowest where they assume a relatively low position within their school's socioeconomic hierarchy, for example, among poorer children attending more affluent schools. Transition to secondary school period during which young people typically enter an environment socioeconomically diverse than primary school. joining with higher status intake relative may lowered school’s experiencing detriment as consequence. This article draws on data from 45,055 pupils in...

Abstract The paper reflects on a transdisciplinary complex adaptive systems (T-CAS) approach to the development of school health research network (SHRN) in Wales for national culture prevention improvement schools. A T-CAS focuses key stages and activities within continuous cycle facilitate level change. theory highlights importance establishing strategic partnerships identify develop opportunities system reorientation. Investment linking resources develops capacity social agents take...

Studying mental wellbeing requires the use of reliable, valid, and practical assessment tools, such as Short version Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS). Research on children in care is sparse. The current study aims to: (1) examine unidimensionality SWEMWBS; (2) assess measurement invariance SWEMWBS across young people compared to their peers not care; (3) investigate latent factor mean differences between status groups.We used data from 2017 School Health Network Student...

Research demonstrates a strong socioeconomic gradient in health and well-being. However, many studies rely on unidimensional measures of status (SES) (e.g. educational qualifications, household income), there is often more limited consideration how facets SES combine to impact This paper develops multidimensional measure SES, drawing family school-level factors, provide nuanced understandings patterns adolescent substance use mental well-being.Data from the Student Health Wellbeing Survey...

Background Online communication has become an integral aspect of daily life for young people internationally. Very little research examined whether the association between social media use and well‐being depends on who engage with (i.e. real, or virtual friendships). Methods Data were drawn from a subsample students ( N = 38,736) took part in School Health Research Network (SHRN) 2019 Student Well‐being (SHW) survey. A series multivariable regression models used to assess adolescents...

Interprofessional teamwork is seen in healthcare policy and practice as a key strategy for providing safe, efficient holistic an accepted part of evidence-based stroke care. The impact interprofessional on patient carer experience(s) care unknown, although some research suggests relationship might exist. This study aimed to explore perceptions good poor its experiences Critical incident interviews were conducted with 50 patients 33 carers acute, inpatient rehabilitation community phases...