A5016660862- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Global Health Care Issues
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Migration and Labor Dynamics
- Physical Activity and Health
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Rural development and sustainability
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- ICT in Developing Communities
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research
2019-2024
University of Wollongong
2022-2023
Chinese University of Hong Kong
2022
The University of Queensland
2008-2021
Importance The prevalence estimates of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep (collectively known as movement behaviors) in 3- 4-year-old children worldwide remains uncertain. Objective To report the proportion who met World Health Organization guidelines for across 33 countries. Design, Setting, Participants Pooled analysis data from 14 cross-sectional studies (July 2008 to September 2022) identified through systematic reviews personal networks. Thirty-three countries varying...
24-hour movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) during the early years are associated with health developmental outcomes, prompting WHO to develop Global guidelines for physical sleep children under 5 of age. Prevalence data on is lacking, particularly in low-income middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper describes development
Background Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are negatively correlated with socio-economic status (SES) in high-income countries (HIC) but there has been little research on their distribution by household SES within low-and middle-income (LMICs). Considering the limited data from LMICs, this paper examines association between behavioural and risk Papua New Guinea (PNG). Methods Reported here results of 671 participants 900 randomly selected adults aged 15–65 years. These were...
Background: Papua New Guinea (PNG) has undergone a significant health transition, with the prevalence of non-communicable diseases increasing. Many children under 5 years age suffer from burden malnutrition. While wasting and stunting still remain high, who are overweight obese reportedly Objective: This study reports wasting, stunting, underweight, five in PNG explores potential household maternal socioeconomic factors associated Method: Data were drawn Comprehensive Health Epidemiological...
Rural to urban migration has been a central outcome of, and key contributor the rapid economic growth in Vietnam since 1986. Much of policy research attention given flows have focused on permanent migration. This paper conceptualizes temporary from rural areas discusses role household economy point view returned migrants. The uses qualitative data 2003 Young Family Study conducted four communes, substantially supplemented by review secondary data, assess nature determinants suggest that is...
Viet Nam has experienced rapid social change over the last decade, with a remarkable decline in fertility to just below replacement level. The combination of decline, son preference, antenatal sex determination using ultrasound and selective abortion are key factors driving increased ratios at birth favour boys some Asian countries. Whether or not this is taking place as well subject heightened debate. In paper, we analyse nature determinants ratio Nam, including small family size norm,...
Background : There is limited evidence from globally diverse samples on the prevalence and correlates of meeting global guideline 180 minutes per day total physical activity (TPA) among 3- to 4-year-olds. Methods Cross-sectional study involving 797 (49.2% girls) 4-year-olds 17 middle- high-income countries who participated in pilot phases 1 2 SUNRISE International Study Movement Behaviours Early Years. Daily step count was measured using thigh-worn activ PAL accelerometers. Children wore...
ABSTRACT Purpose There is a paucity of global data on sedentary behavior during early childhood. The purpose this study was to examine how device-measured in young children differed across geographically, economically, and sociodemographically diverse populations, an international sample. Methods This multinational, cross-sectional included from 1071 3–5 yr old 19 countries, collected between 2018 2020 (pre-COVID). Sedentary measured for three consecutive days using activPAL accelerometers....
Recent economic growth in Papua New Guinea (PNG) would suggest that the country may be experiencing an epidemiological transition, characterized by a reduction infectious diseases and growing burden from non-communicable (NCDs). However, data on cause-specific mortality PNG are very sparse, extent of transition within is poorly understood.Mortality surveillance was established four small populations across PNG: West Hiri Central Province, Asaro Valley Eastern Highlands Hides Hela Province...
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is undergoing an epidemiological transition with increased mortality from NCDs. This study examined NCDs-attributed and associated sociodemographic factors in PNG.Using WHO 2016 instrument, 926 verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted six major provinces January 2018 to December 2020. InterVA-5 tool was used assign causes of death (COD). Multivariable logistic regression analysis performed identify mortalities emerging endemic NCDs.NCDs accounted for 47% the total...
Objective InterVA-5 is a new version of an analytical tool for cause death (COD) analysis at the population level. This study validates against medical review method, using mortality data in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Design and setting used collected from January 2018 to December 2020 eight surveillance sites Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance System (CHESS), established by PNG Institute Medical Research six major provinces. Methods The CHESS demographic team conducted verbal...
To examine 1) multidimensional sleep profiles in pre-schoolers (3-6 years) across geocultural regions and 2) differences characteristics family practices between Majority World (Pacific Islands, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Northeast Asia, Southeast South the Middle East North Latin America) Minority (the Western world). Participants were 3507 from 37 countries. Nighttime nap duration (accelerometer: n=1950) (parental questionnaire) measured. Mixed models used to estimate marginal...
Abstract Despite widespread concern about high sex ratio at birth (SRB) in Viet Nam, little attention has been given to the quality of data sources on which SRB estimates are based. This paper reviews key available for analysis Nam. A standard assessment framework is developed and used assess three national-scale datasets from a population change survey, health information system vital registration system. comparative triangulation conducted determine consistencies differentials national,...
Summary This study examines the hypothesis that stopping rule – a traditional postnatal sex selection method where couples decide to cease childbearing once they bear son plays role in high ratio of last births (SRLB). The develops theoretical framework demonstrate operation context preference. was used impact on SRLB Vietnam, using data from Population Change Survey 2006. Vietnam at level 130 period 1970–2006, and particularly 1986–1995, when sex-selective abortion not available. Women were...
Background Child mortality is an important indication of effective public health system. Data sources available for the estimation child in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are limited. Objective The objective this study was to provide estimates at sub-national level PNG using new data from integrated Health and Demographic Surveillance System (iHDSS). Method Using direct indirect methods, household vital statistics maternal birth history were analysed estimate three key indicators: Under 5 Mortality...
Objective Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS are public health concerns in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This study examines TB mortalities associated sociodemographic factors PNG. Method As part of a longitudinal study, verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted using the WHO 2016 VA Instrument to collect data 926 deaths occurred communities within catchment areas Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance System from 2018 2020. InterVA-5 cause analytical tool was used assign specific...
Located in the South West Pacific region, with a population of 7.5 million, Papua New Guinea (PNG) is among group countries sub-optimal health status. The maternal mortality ratio 171 per 100,000 live births. Unmet need for contraception and family planning services, although poorly understood PNG, may be one underlying causes poor health. This study set out to measure prevalence trends unmet identified socioeconomic factors associated contraceptive use women reproductive age (15-49 years)...
Background: Along the socioeconomic changes in past decades, Papua New Guinea (PNG) has undergone significant food transition. Little is known about influence of household and maternal demographic factors on dietary intake diversity among children under 5 years age (CU5). Objective: This study aimed to examine breastfeeding rate, supplementation, intake, aged 6–59 months identify associations with PNG. Method: Data from 2,943 were extracted Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance...
Objective This study reported the prevalence and sociodemographic distribution of mortalities attributed to injuries in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Setting As part a longitudinal study, mortality data were collected from population who live eight surveillance sites Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance System, established six major provinces PNG. Verbal autopsy (VA) interviews conducted by team with close relatives deceased, using WHO 2016 VA instrument January 2018 December 2020....
Three periods in the evolution of population policy Viet Nam are documented this article: its initiation during 1960s and 1970s; maturity 1980s 1990s; legalization 2000s early 2010s. A framework was used for stakeholder analysis sociopolitical context to analyse interactions between leading state agencies development their influence on organizational structure programme. The current tensions implementation programme highlighted, a new is called that would be more conducive addressing broader...
Summary In recent years Vietnam has experienced a high sex ratio at birth (SRB) amidst rapid socioeconomic and demographic changes. However, little is known about the differentials in SRB between maternal groups. The paper uses data from annual Population Change Survey (PCS) 2006 to examine relationship of most with characteristics number previous female births. was significantly 111.4 (95% CI 109.7–113.1) for period 1st April 2000 31st March 2006. Multivariate analysis reveals that strongly...
With a total population of approximately 90 million, Vietnam ranked as the 13th most populous country in World 2012. The is now experiencing critical transition its demographics...
Abstract Background Changing causes of deaths in the mortality transition Papua New Guinea (PNG) are poorly understood. This study analysed community-level data to identify leading death population and variations across age groups sexes, urban-rural sectors provinces. Method Mortality surveillance were collected from 2018–20 as part Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance System (CHESS), using World Organization 2016 verbal autopsy (VA) instrument. Data 926 VA interviews analysed,...
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on the health and well-being of populations worldwide. Few studies have used household data to explore risks associated with in low-income middle-income countries. This study assessed population vulnerability by examining socioeconomic factors related Papua New Guinea (PNG). Methods Using surveillance from 2020, encompassing 37 880 residents living within catchment areas Comprehensive Health Epidemiological Surveillance System,...