Summary Background Validated non‐invasive measures of fatty liver are needed that can be applied across populations and over time. A index ( FLI ) including body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides gamma glutamyltransferase GGT activity was developed in an Italian municipality, but has not been validated widely or examined a multiethnic population. Aims We evaluated this the U.S. National Health Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES also to explore whether improved for population US...

The authors examined risk factors for incident inguinal hernia among US adults (5,316 men and 8,136 women) participating in the First National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (1971–1975) who were followed through 1992–1993 a hospital (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, code 550) or physician diagnosis hernia. Ninety-six percent baseline cohort was recontacted, with median follow-up 18.2 years (range, 0.02–22.1 years). Because cumulative...

Fatty liver disease is common in the United States and worldwide due to changing lifestyles can progress fibrosis cirrhosis contributing premature death. We examined whether scores were associated with increased overall disease‐specific mortality a population–based prospective survey up 23 years of linked‐mortality data. Data analyzed from 14,841 viral hepatitis–negative adult participants third National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988‐1994. Liver was predicted using aspartate...

Background and Aims: We examined gallbladder biliary tract mortality predictors in the US National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1988-1994, with 31 years of linked data, gallstone disease prevalence trends associations NHANES 2017-March 2020 prepandemic data. Approach Results: In 18,794 participants were passively followed for mortality, identified by death certificate underlying or contributing causes, linkage to Death Index through 2019. 2020, history was ascertained from...

Gallstone disease is one of the most common digestive disorders in United States and leads to significant morbidity, mortality, health care utilization.

Abstract Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an important test for liver disease, yet there no generally accepted upper limit of normal (ULN) in the United States. Furthermore, ability ALT to differentiate persons with and without disease uncertain. We examined cut-offs their discriminate between positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA those at low risk injury U.S. population. Among adult participants 1999-2008 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, 259 were serum HCV 3,747 (i.e., negative...

OBJECTIVES: Other than weight-related conditions, risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not well defined. We investigated the association of gallstones and cholecystectomy with NAFLD in a large, national, population-based study. METHODS: Among adult participants third US National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994, ultrasonography gallstone was performed, videotapes were subsequently evaluated NAFLD. Odds ratios (ORs) calculated using logistic regression...

Fatty liver causes premature death worldwide and requires long-term health care. We examined relationships of disease markers, including patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) I148M, with mortality in the U.S. National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994, 27 years linked data.We studied 13,298 viral hepatitis negative adults who fasted at least 4 hours using nonalcoholic fatty (NAFLD) fat score NAFLD fibrosis score. PNPLA3 I148M was genotyped a subgroup...

An inconsistent association has been found between gallbladder disease and diabetes mellitus. We hypothesized that insulin resistance rather than status may be a primary factor involved in gallstone formation. A total of 5,653 adult participants the third United States National Health Nutrition Examination Survey without known underwent ultrasonography phlebotomy after an overnight fast for measurement serum insulin, C-peptide, glucose. Gallbladder was defined as ultrasound-documented...

Overweight is associated with both higher bone mineral density (BMD) and serum leptin concentrations. In humans, little known about the relationship of concentration density. We studied this in a large, national population-based sample. Participants included 5815 adults Third U.S. National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III; 1988-1994) who underwent DXA proximal femur measurement fasting leptin. Mean +/- SE BMD (gm/cm2) total hip was 1.01 0.005 men, 0.94 0.004 premenopausal...

<h3>Background</h3> Previous studies in which research-based assessment for alcohol problems at admission was compared with physician diagnoses indicated that many hospitalized patients were missed. We estimated the extent to hospital records documented detection of abuse or dependence and other alcohol-related a national sample admissions having diagnosis use disorder ("interview-positive admissions"). also rates inpatient intervention referral treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> A complex,...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) contributes to premature death along with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular (CVD). We examined whether hepatic steatosis (HS) on ultrasound enzyme activities were associated increased mortality in the U.S. National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1988‐1994, up 23 years of linked‐mortality data. Survey‐linked Death Index records analyzed among 14,527 adult participants who negative for viral hepatitis B C iron overload. HS was...