Thromboembolism, one of the leading causes morbidity and mortality worldwide, is characterized by formation obstructive intravascular clots (thrombi) their mechanical breakage (embolization). A novel two-dimensional multi-phase computational model introduced that describes active interactions between main components clot, including platelets fibrin, to study impact various physiologically relevant blood shear flow conditions on deformation embolization a partially clot with variable...

The transport and distribution of charged particles are crucial in the study many physical biological problems. In this paper, we employ an Energy Variational Approach to derive coupled Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system. All physics is included choices corresponding energy law kinematic particles. variational derivations give force balance equations a unique deterministic fashion. We also discuss situations with different types boundary conditions. Finally, show that Onsager's...

Green's functions of the indirect effects atmospheric loading is formulated taking into account effect thickness. This a modification classic paper by Farrell that ocean approximating mass as thin layer. Atmospheric differs from in ways which gravitational attraction and pressure act. In case loading, because both can be considered to arise located at surface Earth, are treated together included load Love numbers defined for problem. if thickness taken account, distributed over large...

How to describe the ``electric double layer'' that is at root of all electrokinetic phenomena such as electrophoresis and electro-osmosis? A new theoretical approach, introducing concept a surface potential trap applying constraint global charge neutrality rigorously, answers this century-old question in context contemporary electrokinetics involving nanoscale systems time-dependent electric fields.

A continuous model is derived for the dynamics of two immiscible fluids with moving contact lines and insoluble surfactants based on thermodynamic principles. The continuum consists Navier-Stokes equations a convection-diffusion equation evolution surfactant fluid interface. interface condition, boundary condition slip velocity, dynamic angle are from consideration energy dissipations. Different types dissipations, including viscous dissipation, dissipations solid wall at line, as well...

Abstract The formation of platelet thrombi is determined by the integrin αIIbβ3-mediated interactions platelets with fibrinogen and fibrin. Blood clotting in vivo catalyzed thrombin, which simultaneously induces binding to αIIbβ3 converts Thus, after a short time, thrombus governed fibrin fibers. Surprisingly, there little understanding interaction polymers. Here we used an optical trap-based system measure single molecules polymeric compare it monomeric fibrinogen. Like fibrin, found that...

This paper presents a Poisson–Nernst–Planck–Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hillard (PNP–NS–CH) model for an electrically charged droplet suspended in viscous fluid under external electric field. Our incorporates spatial variations permittivity and diffusion constants, as well interfacial capacitance. Based on time scale analysis, we derive two approximations of the original model: dynamic net charge (assuming unchanged conductance) leaky-dielectric conductance charge). For model, perform detailed...

The endocytosis, intracellular transport, and exocytosis of different-sized nanoparticles were reported to greatly affect their efficacy biosafety. quantitation endocytosis as well subcellular distribution might be an effective approach based on transport pathway flux analysis. Thus, the key parameters that could present effects three ultrasmall iron oxide (USIONPs) systematically investigated in RAW264.7 cells. USIONPs related sizes; 15.4 nm S2 quickly more internalized excreted comparison...

An Energy Stable $C^0$ Finite Element Scheme for A Phase-Field Model of Vesicle Motion and Deformation

This study introduces a mathematical model for electrolytic chemical reactions, employing an energy variation approach grounded in classical thermodynamics. Our combines electrostatics and reactions within well-defined energetic dissipative functionals. Extending the method to open systems consisting of charge, mass, inputs, this explores transformation from one form another. Electronic devices biological channels transporters are systems. By applying generalized approach, we investigate...

Abstract Gramicidin A is a small and well characterized peptide that forms an ion channel in lipid membranes. An important feature of gramicidin (gA) pore its conductance affected by the electric charges near entrance. This property has led to application as biochemical sensor for monitoring quantifying number chemical enzymatic reactions. Here, mathematical model changes pores response presence electrical entrance, either on membrane surface or attached itself, presented. In this numerical...

Gravitational coupling within an axially symmetric, ellipsoidal Earth gives rise to torques among the mantle, outer core, and inner core. Such act along “lines of nodes”, i.e., orthogonal axes symmetry. In a triaxial model, small deviations from axial symmetry modify in direction as well magnitude. The perturbative depend on three Euler angles specifying long axis core relative that mantle shell. Their magnitudes, excluding angular dependences, are ∼400 times (i.e., order boundary...

Abstract The level set method is one of the most successful methods for simulation multi-phase flows. To keep function close signed distance function, constantly reinitialized by solving a Hamilton-Jacobi type equation during simulation. When fluid interface intersects with solid wall, moving contact line forms and reinitialization requires boundary condition in certain regions on wall. In this work, we propose to use dynamic angle, which extended from line, as function. normal extension...

The movement of ionic solutions is an essential part biology and technology. Fluidics, from nano- to micro- microfluidics, a burgeoning area technology which all about the solutions, on various scales. Many cells, tissues, organs animals plants depend osmosis, as fluids called in biology. Indeed, through channel proteins (that have hole down their middle) fluidics atomic scale. Ionic are complex fluids, with energy stored many ways. flow driven by gradients concentration, chemical electrical...