Feedback mechanisms play a critical role in the maintenance of cell homeostasis presence disturbances and uncertainties. Motivated by need to tune dynamics improve robustness gene circuits, biological engineers have proposed various designs that mimic natural molecular feedback control mechanisms. However, practical predictable implementations proved challenging because complexity synthesis analysis complex biomolecular networks. Here, we analyze experimentally validate synthetic controller...

Even though synchronization in autonomous systems has been observed for over three centuries, reports of systematic experimental studies on synchronized oscillators are limited. Here, we report observations internal coupled silicon micromechanical associated with a reduction the relative phase random walk that is modulated by magnitude reactive coupling force between oscillators. Additionally, first time, significant improvement frequency stability reported. The concept presented here...

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). The most obvious symptoms are movement-related such as shaking, rigidity, slowness movement and difficulty with walking, rigid muscular movements in chewing swallowing especially solid dosage forms. Ropinirole an anti-Parkinson drug that has low oral bioavailability which primarily due to first-pass metabolism. objective proposed work was increase ropinirole avoid patient discomfort by formulating...

An essential motif for the assembly of biological materials such as actin at scale hundreds nanometers and beyond is a network one-dimensional fibers with well-defined geometry. Here, we demonstrate programmed organization DNA filaments into micron-scale architectures where component are oriented preprogrammed angles. We assemble L-, T-, Y-shaped origami junctions that nucleate two or three micron length nanotubes high yields. The angles between mirror templates on junctions, demonstrating...

To build complex genetic networks with predictable behaviors, synthetic biologists use libraries of modular parts that can be characterized in isolation and assembled together to create programmable higher-order functions. Characterization experiments computational models for gene regulatory operating are routinely used predict the dynamics interconnected guide construction new devices. Here, we individually characterize two modes RNA-based transcriptional regulation, using small...

We present a mathematical model of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) oscillator that integrates the nonlinearities MEMS resonator and circuitry in single numerical modeling environment. This is achieved by transforming conventional nonlinear mechanical into electrical domain while simultaneously considering prominent resonator. The proposed validated comparing simulated amplitude-frequency response with measurements on an open-loop electrically addressed flexural silicon driven to large...

The growing use of ultrasonic sensor now demands millimetre range operation with high accuracy. Ultrasonic uses sound waves for its ranging and the speed is influenced by a number environmental parameters. objective this paper to discuss on list parameters which have major influence accuracy also formulate simplified mathematical equation calculate instantaneous taking these influencing into consideration. Comparison result shows derived calculating gives maximum percentage error 0.33...

Feedback allows biological systems to control gene expression precisely and reliably, even in the presence of uncertainty, by sensing processing environmental changes. Taking inspiration from natural architectures, synthetic biologists have engineered feedback loops tune dynamics improve robustness predictability expression. However, experimental implementations biomolecular are still far satisfying performance specifications typically achieved electrical or mechanical systems. To address...

In recent years, there has been much interest in the design of low-noise MEMS oscillators. This paper presents a new analytical formulation for noise oscillator encompassing essential resonator and amplifier nonlinearities. The expression is derived by solving second-order nonlinear stochastic differential equation. approach applied to modeling an electrostatically addressed resonator-based square-wave which circuit nonlinearities are integrated into single framework. By considering...

Abstract Dynamic DNA nanotechnology belongs to a larger umbrella of that primarily uses as nanoscopic material build mobile structures and cascaded reaction networks powered by oligonucleotides. A widely used mechanism construct dynamic system is toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions (TMSDRs). TMSDRs are easy engineer because the known base-pairing rules follow Watson–Crick model DNA, sequence-dependent binding rates, energies DNAs, whose secondary structure predictable. Due these...

There has been much recent interest in engineering the phenomenon of synchronization coupled micro-/nano-scale oscillators for applications ranging from precision time and frequency references to new approaches information processing. This paper presents descriptive modelling detail further experimental validation mutual MEMS building upon this concept by present authors. In particular, underlying dependence observation on system parameters is studied through numerical analytical while...

Precise control over the nucleation, growth, and termination of self-assembly processes is a fundamental tool for controlling product yield assembly dynamics. Mechanisms altering these programmatically could allow use simple components to self-assemble complex final products or design allowing dynamic reconfiguration. Here we DNA tile develop general principles building complexes that can bind growing biomolecular terminate its growth by systematically characterizing how different origami...

Molecular assemblies inside cells often undergo structural reconfiguration in response to stimuli alter their function. Adaptive of cytoskeletal networks, for example, enables cellular shape change, movement, and cargo transport plays a key role driving complex processes such as division differentiation. The cytoskeleton is self-assembling polymer network composed simple filaments, so occurs through the rearrangement its component filaments' connectivities. DNA nanotubes have emerged...

Motivated by a desire to understand pulmonary physiology, scientists have developed physiological lung models of varying complexity. However, pathophysiology and interactions between human lungs ventilators, e.g., ventilator-induced injury (VILI), present challenges for modeling efforts. This is because the real-world pressure volume signals may be too complex simple capture, while tend not estimable with clinical data, limiting utility. To address this gap, in manuscript we new...

An important goal of synthetic biology is to build biosensors and circuits with well-defined input-output relationships that operate at speeds found in natural biological systems. However, for molecular computation, most commonly used genetic circuit elements typically involve several steps from input detection output signal production: transcription, translation, post-translational modifications. These multiple together require up hours respond a single stimulus, this limits the overall...

While many methods are available to measure the concentrations of proteins in solution, development a method quantitatively report both increases and decreases different protein real-time using changes other molecules, such as DNA outputs, has remained challenge. Here, we present biomolecular reaction process that reports concentration an input situ output oligonucleotide strand. This uses aptamers bind either specific selectively or complementary reversibly toehold-mediated...

While many cellular processes are driven by biomolecular oscillators, precise control of a downstream on/off process biochemical oscillator signal can be difficult: over an oscillator's period, its output varies continuously between amplitude limits and spends significant fraction the time at intermediate values these limits. Further, is often noisy, with particularly large variations in amplitude. In electronic systems, oscillating generally processed device such as comparator that converts...

In this paper, we demonstrate synchronization of two electrically coupled MEMS oscillators incorporating nearly identical silicon tuning fork microresonators. It is seen that as the output are coupled, they exhibit a synchronized response wherein amplitudes and signal-to-noise ratios improved relative to case where uncoupled. The observed frequency each oscillator before coupling 219402.4 Hz 219403.6 respectively. contrast, when driven simultaneously, lock at common 219401.3 their outputs...

The phoA503 mutant was identified as a that shows novel phoA regulatory phenotype. allele dramatically reduces the synthesis of bacterial alkaline phosphatase activity during Pi starvation in an otherwise wild-type host and logarithmic growth phase phoR or phoU background. Near-normal amounts enzyme are found mutants when starved for carbon, nitrogen, sulfur stationary phase, however. Marker rescue DNA sequence analysis located mutation to coding region. It is C-to-T transition would cause...

Future Internet traffic will be dominated by on-demand streaming media flows, such as IPTV, 3D/HD video, gaming, virtual reality, and many more. Consequently, future network architectures need to implement <b xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <i>scalable IP packet switching </i> </b> capable of offering <i>predictable performances</i> applications. Our recent experimental work demonstrated how an can implemented without "stopping" the...