Abstract Stressful experiences affect biological stress systems, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Life can potentially alter regulation of HPA axis and has been associated with poorer physical mental health. Little, however, is known about relative influence stressors that are encountered at different developmental periods on acute reactions in adulthood. In this study, we explored three models exposure cortisol reactivity to a modified version Trier Social Stress Test...

ABSTRACT Objective This study tested longitudinal associations between absolute levels of perceived partner responsiveness (PPR; how much people perceive that their romantic partners understand, care for, and appreciate them), daily negative affect reactivity positive reactivity, all-cause mortality in a sample 1,208 adults for three waves data collection spanning 20 years. We also whether changes PPR predicted via reactivity. Methods Data were taken from the National Survey Midlife...

Major life stress often produces a flat diurnal cortisol slope, an indicator of potential long-term health problems. Exposure to early in childhood or the accumulation across span may be responsible for this pattern. However, relative impact at different stages on is unknown. Using longitudinal sample adults followed from birth, we examined three models effect exposure cortisol: cumulative model, biological-embedding and sensitization model. As its name implies, model focuses stress. In...

Abstract Power is a central concept in relationships, yet existing self‐report measures of relationship power are not well validated and do assess all aspects power. To address this, we developed the Relationship Inventory ( RPI ), measure for romantic partners. In Study 1, identified most important decision‐making domains relationships. 2, generated an item pool assessing power, selected best performing items inclusion, tested convergent divergent validity properties . 3 revealed scores...

Many studies indicate that early life stress leads to negative health outcomes in adulthood, and some suggest high-quality parenting might buffer these effects. Most prior research, however, has relied on cross-sectional retrospective reports of parenting. Our study tests how coder-rated quality assessed at different stages predict adult a prospective, longitudinal study.Participants were 163 individuals the Minnesota Longitudinal Study Risk Adaptation studied since birth. Physical was age...

Abstract Romantic relationships are a key health determinant. Partners influence each other's psychological, behavioral, and biological trajectories in ways that can foster longevity or fuel disease risk early mortality. A romantic relationship's impact is considerable yet has historically garnered limited recognition from government agencies, healthcare providers, policymakers. World‐wide public organizations increasingly attending to the importance of social connection calling for action...

Strain tests are unique contexts that have important implications for relationships, but they rarely been studied in social interactions. We investigate how more avoidant individuals (responders) react when their romantic partners (askers) request cooperation with an plan/goal requires a major sacrifice from responders. As predicted, responders were less accommodating asked to and showed drops trust commitment following the strain test discussion. However, certain asker behaviors-expressing...

Although researchers have made great strides in identifying links between close relationship processes and physical health, we know less about the psychological behavioral mechanisms underlying these links. As move toward considering relationships as a public health issue, understanding mechanistic pathways relationships–health is crucial for designing efficient effective interventions. In this review, outline criteria establishing construct mechanism. We then discuss how best to test...

Close relationships are known to predict physical health outcomes. The time has come for a shift toward achieving better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. One promising group psychological mechanisms is affective processes, such as discrete emotions, emotion regulation, and affect reactivity. In this paper, we discuss evidence linking relationship functioning with both positive negative valences each process, considering contributions different types close across lifespan, process...

Despite growing appreciation of how close relationships affect health outcomes, there remains a need to explicate the influence romantic partners have on behavior. In this paper, we demonstrate an established model behavior change-the theory planned (TPB)- can be extended from individual level dyadic (couple) test that relationship key determinant behavior-behavioral intentions.

Children who experience high-quality early parenting tend to have better physical health, but limited research has tested whether this association extends into adulthood using prospective, observational assessments. Likewise, mechanisms that may explain such links not yet been illuminated. In study, we test the quality of maternal sensitivity experienced during first 3½ years life predicts cardiometabolic risk at midlife (ages 37 and 39 years) via attachment representations measured in young...

Employing a behavioral observation paradigm, we tested whether high-trust partners buffered the reactions of low-trust during conflict discussion to create more positive post-conflict outcomes, or pulled down negative outcomes. Ninety-five married couples discussed and reported felt closeness their both pre- post-discussion. As hypothesized, were influential than partners. When at least one relationship partner was low in trust, less close following discussions. Partners increased only when...

Social interactions and the overall psychosocial environment have a demonstrated impact on health, particularly for people living in disadvantaged urban areas. Here, we investigated effect of experiences gene expression peripheral blood immune cells children with asthma Metro Detroit. Using RNA-sequencing new machine learning approach, identified transcriptional signatures 19 variables including factors, cell composition, symptoms. Importantly, found 169 genes associated or allergic disease...

Abstract Childhood adversity is associated with higher adult weight, but few investigations prospectively test mechanisms accounting for this association. Using two socioeconomically high-risk prospective longitudinal investigations, the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (MLSRA; N = 267; 45.3% female) Fragile Families Child Wellbeing (FFCWS; n 2,587; 48.5% female), pathways between childhood later body mass index (BMI) were tested using impulsivity, emotion dysregulation,...

The study of intimate relationships and health is a fast-growing discipline with numerous well-developed theories, many which outline specific interpersonal behaviors psychological pathways that may give rise to good or poor health. In this article, we argue the can move toward interrogating these mechanisms greater precision detail, but doing so will require shift in nature commonly used research methods area. Accordingly, draw heavily on science behavior change discuss six key...

Prior evidence suggests that an individual's attachment orientation is linked to the health and health-related biology of his/her romantic relationship partners. The current study examined whether this effect extends parent–child relationships. Specifically, we investigated association between maternal anxiety avoidance diurnal cortisol offspring. In a sample 138 youth with asthma their primary caregivers, caregivers reported orientations, children (aged 10–17) supplied four saliva samples...

Self-disclosure and perceived responsiveness are important building blocks of social relationships that have long-lasting consequences for health well-being. However, the conditions under which self-disclosure likely to benefit health, how early in life these benefits arise, remain unclear. Among 141 youth (aged 10-17) with asthma, we investigated average daily levels linked positive negative affect expression glucocorticoid receptor gene