• Examines using offshore wind power for hydrogen production with low-cost solar photovoltaic renewable generation. Model optimizes generation, storage and electrolyser capacities to find the least-cost solution in Australia. Offshore has a potentially useful role play supporting production, but taking advantage of this opportunity requires careful site selection. Future prices need fall cost around AUD2/kg, equivalent Australian federal government target.

The politics of energy is reemerging as a major area inquiry for political science after two decades relative quiet. We survey the theoretical and empirical literature on energy, well recent developments that have revived interest in topic—renewed oil price volatility, rise China, concern over global climate change. also outline several avenues future research, arguing there are ample opportunities scholars economy to apply insights developed other fields study energy.

What is the relationship between oil and coercion? For decades states have worried that their dependence on gives producers a potential lever of coercion. The size, integration, sophistication current market, however, are thought to greatly attenuated, if not eliminated, coercive oil. best way analyze global market by viewing it as series distinct segments, from upstream production midstream transport downstream refining, with for coercion varying across them. Oil-producing do greatest in...

Global production is increasingly organized through supply chains made up of firms that specialize in specific stages production. This raises an important question: how does firms' participation global affect their trade preferences? Research shows multinational corporations (MNCs) tend to prefer open trade, while domestic import-competing favor protection. We argue the globalization also leads vertically specialized firms—those specializing process—to support trade. Using firm-level data...

Abstract The global energy industry is transforming as governments invest in clean technologies to address climate change, enhance security, and strengthen national competitiveness. Comparative research on transitions highlights the domestic drivers constraints of transitions. This article contends that we need understand effects interdependence Shifts forms between firms—influenced by rise supply chains—have new implications for policy choices made governments. Governments face more complex...

This study assesses key barriers to offshore wind power (OWP) development in Vietnam and policy options for the of sector. A survey 39 experts from government agencies, research institutions, industry, civil society plus 22 follow-up interviews were conducted over January–September 2021, coupled with a broader analysis options. The finds that an underdeveloped environment, incomplete procedures, infrastructure supply chain immaturity are current OWP Vietnam. Recommended measures include: 1)...

Governments invested substantially in renewable energy industries responding to climate change, while seeking promote economic growth. They also engaged a series of major trade disputes, notably the solar photovoltaic and wind sectors. The European Union (EU)–China dispute is one largest such cases. In 2013, Commission (EC) announced duties on imports products from Chinese manufacturers. This decision was at odds with fact that majority industry opposed tariffs. We propose affected by shift...

Studies identify cost as a key factor determining the effectiveness of economic sanctions. We argue that failing to account for market dynamics in sector which sanctions are imposed undermines validity estimates costs on target countries, and we propose structure powerfully conditions effectiveness. To examine effect structure, trace causal path through purportedly lead targets’ behavior changes, reveal prevalence adjustments minimize target. Our empirical data is drawn from episode can be...

Japan's status as a nonnuclear weapons state remains of ongoing interest to policy analysts and scholars international relations. For some, Japanese nuclearization is question not whether but when. This article reassesses the evidence on Japan. It finds that support in Japan for development an independent nuclear deterrent negligible. Evidence demonstrates ministries agencies with responsibility foreign security have sought consolidate existing insurance policies against threats—multilateral...

Offshore wind power is an important technology option for decarbonising the electricity sector. An emerging region deployment of offshore Asia-Pacific. We conduct expert elicitation future cost expectations in Asia-Pacific region, covering fixed-bottom and floating technologies. also examine views on policies that support more rapid reductions fixed bottom wind. find decreases average levelized (LCOE) to USD72/MWh 2040 (fixed-bottom) USD81/MWh 2050 (floating). The largest factors...

Swiss trading houses enjoy 35% of global market share in crude oil. How can we explain the importance traders oil market? This article argues that are part private governance arrangements emerged response to wave nationalization sweeping across world's prime producers. As supply chains deverticalized following nationalization, companies created mechanisms manage problems price-setting, and matching suppliers consumers. By tracing state before after 1970 nationalizations, show new model also...

A large literature in political economy argues that governments the advanced industrialized states retrenched from application of industrial policy while resisting pressure to reform a limited number sectors. In this article, I argue retrenchment and resistance do not fully describe range choices made by governments. Through an analysis investment energy Japan, show addition retrenching policies reduce targeting, domestic actors have retained redeployed state functions public areas...

Abstract Governments support clean technologies to advance both environmental goals and national competitiveness. By adopting policies early on, governments are argued create durable competitive advantages for domestic companies that develop export late adopters. This paper argues policy competition between lead follower markets conditions the ability of in low-carbon technologies. Depending on complexity technology, we observe two patterns green industrial competition. In low-complexity...

We evaluate the treatment of climate-related financial risk by bilateral finance organizations and related policymaking bodies involved in design implementation thermal coal power generation technology financing. Our empirical focus is Japanese financing Asia-Pacific. differentiate between three approaches that can adopt to assess climate change risk. In first, organization assesses includes consideration stranded asset second, but does not take into account third, an explicitly consider...

Policies promoting the localisation of economic benefits are commonly deployed in support energy transitions. However, policies can face challenges ensuring alignment with transition goals while adapting to changes technological and market environment. We use Australian Capital Territory's policy, tied a reverse auction feed-in tariff, as an exploratory case examine policy that underwent repeated updates adapt changed conditions. find inclusion review requirement remaining congruent...