Working memory (WM) involves maintaining information in an on-line state. One emerging view is that WM maintained via sensory recruitment, such stored sustained activity the areas encode to-be-remembered information. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we observed key regions as primary visual cortex (V1) showed little evidence of increases mean activation during a delay period, though amplitude have typically been used to determine whether region involved maintenance. However,...

Visual attention may be voluntarily directed to particular locations or features (voluntary control), it captured by salient stimuli, such as the abrupt appearance of a new perceptual object (stimulus-driven control). Most often, however, deployment is result dynamic interplay between voluntary attentional control settings (e.g., based on prior knowledge about target's location color) and degree which stimuli in visual scene match these settings. Consequently, nontarget items that share...

Hierarchical organization of human auditory cortex has been inferred from functional imaging observations that core regions respond to simple stimuli (tones) whereas downstream are selectively responsive more complex (band-pass noise, speech). It is assumed code low-level features, which combined at higher levels in the system yield abstract neural codes. However, this hypothesis not critically evaluated domain. We assessed sensitivity acoustic variation within intelligible versus...

Working memory (WM) is a system for the online storage of information. An emerging view that neuronal oscillations coordinate cellular assemblies code content WM. In line with this view, previous work has demonstrated oscillatory activity in alpha band (8-12 Hz) plays role WM maintenance, but exact contributions have remained unclear. Here, we used an inverted spatial encoding model combination electroencephalography (EEG) to test whether topographic distribution alpha-band tracks...

Covert spatial attention is essential for humans' ability to direct limited processing resources the relevant aspects of visual scenes. A growing body evidence suggests that rhythmic neural activity in alpha frequency band (8-12 Hz) tracks locus covert attention, which integral attention. However, extant work has not provided a compelling test another key prediction: temporal dynamics orienting. In current study, we examined time course spatially specific after central cues and during...

Visual crowding refers to a phenomenon whereby objects that appear in the periphery of visual field are more difficult identify when embedded within clutter. Pooling models assert results from an obligatory averaging or other combination target and distractor features occurs prior awareness. One well-known manifestation pooling is feature averaging, with which nontarget stimuli combined at early stage processing. Conversely, substitution binding nearby distractors incorrect spatial...

Recent studies suggest that the temporary storage of visual detail in working memory is mediated by sensory recruitment or sustained patterns stimulus-specific activation within feature-selective regions cortex. According to a strong version this hypothesis, relative "quality" these should determine clarity an individual's memory. Here, we provide direct test claim. We used fMRI and forward encoding model characterize population-level orientation-selective responses cortex while human...

Working memory (WM) enables the maintenance and manipulation of information relevant to behavioral goals. Variability in WM ability is strongly correlated with IQ [1Kane M.J. Engle R.W. The role prefrontal cortex working-memory capacity, executive attention, general fluid intelligence: an individual-differences perspective.Psychon. Bull. Rev. 2002; 9: 637-671Crossref PubMed Scopus (1571) Google Scholar], function impaired many neurological psychiatric disorders [2Park S. Holzman P.S....

Sensory responses and behavior are strongly shaped by stimulus history. For example, perceptual reports sometimes biased toward previously viewed stimuli (serial dependence). While behavioral studies have pointed to both postperceptual origins of this phenomenon, neural data that could elucidate where these biases emerge is limited. We recorded functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while human participants (male female) performed a delayed orientation discrimination task. were...

A network of fronto-parietal cortical areas is known to be involved in the control visual attention, but representational scope and specific function these remains unclear. Recent neuroimaging evidence has revealed existence both transient (attention-shift) sustained (attention-maintenance) mechanisms space-based object-based attentional control. Here we investigate neural feature-based human cortex using rapid event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Subjects viewed an...

Visual attention is a mechanism by which observers select relevant or important information from the current visual array. Previous investigations have focused primarily on ability to region of space for further analysis. These studies revealed distributed frontoparietal circuit that responsible control spatial attention. However, vision must ultimately represent objects and in real scenes often overlap spatially; thus be capable selecting their properties nonspatially. Little known about...

When multiple objects are present in a visual scene, they compete for cortical processing the system; selective attention biases this competition so that representations of behaviorally relevant enter awareness and irrelevant do not. Deployments can be voluntary (e.g., shift or to target's expected spatial location) stimulus driven capture by target-defining feature such as color). Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging show both these factors induce spatially attentional...

Recent studies suggest that visual features are stored in working memory (WM) via sensory recruitment or sustained stimulus-specific patterns of activity cortical regions encode memoranda. One important question concerns the spatial extent recruitment. possibility is restricted to neurons retinotopically mapped positions occupied by remembered items. Alternatively, specific feature values could be represented a spatially global feature, regardless retinotopic position stimulus. Here, we...

Processing incoming sensory information and transforming this input into appropriate motor responses is a critical ongoing aspect of our moment-to-moment interaction with the environment. While neural mechanisms in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that support transformation inputs simple eye or limb movements has received great deal empirical attention-in part because these processes are easy to study nonhuman primates-little work been done on sensory-motor transformations domain speech....

To successfully interact with objects in the environment, sensory evidence must be continuously acquired, interpreted, and used to guide appropriate motor responses. For example, when driving, a red light should motivate command depress brake pedal. Single-unit recording studies have established that simple sensorimotor transformations are mediated by same neurons ultimately behavioral response. However, it is also possible these regions recipients of modality-independent decision signal...