A5023623091- Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
- Synthesis and Biological Activity
- Marine and fisheries research
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
University of North Carolina Wilmington
2015-2024
College of Marin
2018
University of Naples Federico II
2016
University of California, San Diego
1986-2010
University of California, Davis
2001-2009
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2007
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
1983-1999
Wroclaw Medical University
1993-1994
University of Alberta
1991
University of Washington
1991
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 127:183-194 (1995) - doi:10.3354/meps127183 Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. I. Chemical deterrency Pawlik JR, Chanas B, Toonen RJ, Fenical W Laboratory feeding assays employing common wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum were undertaken determine palatability food pellets containing...
The dichotomy between high microbial abundance (HMA) and low (LMA) sponges has been long recognized. In the present study, 56 sponge species from three geographic regions (greater Caribbean, Mediterranean, Red Sea) were investigated by transmission electron microscopy for presence of microorganisms in mesohyl matrix. Additionally, bacterial enumeration DAPI-counting was performed on a subset samples. Of investigated, 28 identified as belonging to HMA LMA category. orders Agelasida Verongida...
Sponges are now the dominant habitat-forming animals on Caribbean reefs, where combined effects of climate change, pollution, and disease have decimated reef-building corals. Natural products chemists been isolating novel secondary metabolites from sponges for many decades, but relevant studies ecological functions these compounds more recent. Bioassay-guided surveys revealed sponge chemical defenses against predators, competitors, pathogens, common species lack appear to followed a...
Significance Chemical defenses are known to protect some species from consumers, but it is often difficult detect this advantage at the community or ecosystem levels because of complexity abiotic and biotic factors that influence abundances. We surveyed sponges sponge predators (angelfishes parrotfishes) on coral reefs across Caribbean ranging heavily overfished sites protected marine reserves. High predator abundance correlated with high chemically defended species, few were dominated by...
Consumer-mediated indirect effects at the community level are difficult to demonstrate empirically. Here, we show an explicit effect of overfishing on competition between sponges and reef-building corals from surveys 69 sites across Caribbean. Leveraging large-scale, long-term removal sponge predators, selected overfished where intensive methods, primarily fish-trapping, have been employed for decades or more, compared them in remote marine protected areas (MPAs) with variable levels...
Coral reefs are economically important ecosystems that have suffered unprecedented losses of corals in the recent past. Why Caribbean particular transitioned to coral-depleted systems and exhibited less coral resilience? A synthesis research from diverse sources provides novel insights into reciprocal interactions among sponges, seaweeds, microbes. We propose loss resulted more abundant seaweeds release dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which is consumed by sponges. Sponges return reef but...
Abstract Foraging theory predicts the evolution of feeding behaviors that increase consumer fitness. Sponges were among earliest metazoans on earth and developed a unique filter‐feeding mechanism does not rely nervous system. Once thought indiscriminate, sponges are now known to selectively consume picoplankton, but it is unclear whether this confers any benefit. Additionally, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) detritus, relative preferences for these resources unknown. We quantified suspension...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 588:1-14 (2018) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12466 FEATURE ARTICLE A test of sponge-loop hypothesis for emergent Caribbean reef sponges Steven E. McMurray1,*, Amber D. Stubler1,2, Patrick M. Erwin1, Christopher Finelli1, Joseph R. Pawlik1 1Department Biology and Biology, University North Carolina...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 127:195-211 (1995) - doi:10.3354/meps127195 Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. II. Spicules, tissue toughness, and nutritional quality Chanas B, Pawlik JR Laboratory field feeding experiments were conducted assess palatability fish prepared foods containing natural concentrations glass...
Experiments testing the effects of hydrodynamic processes and chemical cues on substrate selection were conducted with larvae marine tube worm Phragmatopoma lapidosa californica. In flume experiments, presented an array sand treatments, including two substrates previously shown to induce metamorphosis in this species, under fast slow flow regimes. Larvae preferentially metamorphosed inductive both flows. Delivery was higher because tumbled along bottom, whereas flow, observed swimming water...
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 207:273-281 (2000) - doi:10.3354/meps207273 Allelopathic activities of sponge extracts Sebastian Engel, Joseph R. Pawlik* Center for Science, University North Carolina at Wilmington, 5001 Masonboro Loop Road, 28409, USA *Corresponding author. E-mail: pawlikj@uncwil.edu ABSTRACT: Although there is anecdotal...
The structure of Caribbean coral reef communities has been altered by numerous anthropogenic and natural stressors. Demographic studies key functional groups have furthered efforts to describe understand these changes. Little is known, however, about the demographics sponges on reefs, despite their abundance important functions they perform (e.g., increased habitat complexity, water filtration). We monitored permanent plots reefs off Key Largo, Florida, USA, study demography a particularly...