<h3>Objectives</h3> To examine mortality patterns and cancer incidence in a pooled cohort of 29 993 US career firefighters employed since 1950 followed through 2009. <h3>Methods</h3> Mortality were evaluated by life table methods with the population referent. Standardised (SMR) (SIR) ratios determined for 92 causes death 41 groupings. Analyses focused on 15 outcomes priori interest. Sensitivity analyses conducted to potential significant bias. <h3>Results</h3> Person-years at risk totalled...

To evaluate the mortality experience of 11 039 workers exposed to formaldehyde for three months or more in garment plants. The mean time weighted average exposure at plants early 1980s was 0.15 ppm but past exposures may have been substantially higher.Vital status updated through 1998, and life table analyses were conducted.Mortality from all causes (2206 deaths, standardised ratio (SMR) 0.92, 95% CI 0.88 0.96) cancers (SMR 0.89, 0.82 0.97) less than expected based on US rates. A...

Studies of uranium miners on the US Colorado Plateau have identified associations between exposure to radon progeny and risk lung cancer. This study added 15 years mortality follow-up for 4,137 (primarily white or American Indian) in cohort. The cohort experienced 209 new cancer deaths. For miners, standardized ratio compared with regional population was 3.99 (95% confidence interval: 3.43, 4.62) period 1991–2005. Indian 3.27 2.19, 4.73). These ratios not declined substantially since 1980s....

<h3>Objectives</h3> To examine exposure–response relationships between surrogates of firefighting exposure and select outcomes among previously studied US career firefighters. <h3>Methods</h3> Eight cancer four non-cancer were examined using conditional logistic regression. Incidence density sampling was used to match each case 200 controls on attained age. Days accrued in assignments (exposed-days), run totals (fire-runs) times (fire-hours) as surrogates. HRs comparing 75th 25th centiles...

<h3>Background</h3> Commercial airline crew is one of the occupational groups with highest exposures to ionising radiation. Crew members are also exposed other physical risk factors and subject potential disruption circadian rhythms. <h3>Methods</h3> This study analyses mortality in a pooled cohort 93 771 from 10 countries. The was followed for mean 21.7 years (2.0 million person-years), during which 5508 deaths occurred. <h3>Results</h3> overall strongly reduced male cockpit (SMR 0.56)...

Objectives To update the mortality experience of a previously studied cohort 29 992 US urban career firefighters compared with general population and examine exposure-response relationships within cohort. Methods Vital status was updated through 2016 adding 7 years follow-up. Cohort evaluated via life table analyses. Full risk-sets, matched on attained age, race, birthdate fire department were created analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression to associations between select outcomes...

Abstract Background Mortality tends to be higher among people who do not work than workers, but the impact of work‐related disability on mortality has been well studied. Methods The vital status through 2015 was ascertained for 14 219 workers with an accepted workers’ compensation claim in West Virginia a low back injury 1998 or 1999. cohort compared general population assessed using standard life table techniques. Associations and disability‐related factors within were evaluated Cox...

Background: Potential health effects of the indoor environment in office buildings and aircraft have generated considerable concern recent years. Aims: To analyse prevalence self reported respiratory symptoms illnesses flight attendants (FAs) schoolteachers. Methods: Data were collected as part a study reproductive among female FAs. The prevalences work related eye, nose, throat symptoms, wheezing, physician diagnosed asthma, chest illness, cold or flu calculated stratified by smoking status...

To evaluate the effectiveness of hearing conservation programs (HCP) and their specific components in reducing noise-induced loss (NIHL).This retrospective cohort study was conducted at one food-processing plant two automotive plants. Audiometric work-history databases were combined with historical noise monitoring data to develop a time-dependent exposure matrix for each plant. Historical changes production HCP implementation collected from company records, employee interviews focus groups....

Abstract Background We evaluated mortality among 11,311 former U.S. flight attendants. The primary a priori outcomes of interest were breast cancer and melanoma. Methods Vital status was ascertained through 2007, life table analyses conducted. Cumulative exposure to cosmic radiation circadian rhythm disruption estimated from work history data historical published schedules. Results All‐cause less than expected women but elevated men, primarily due HIV‐related disease mortality. Mortality...

To further evaluate the association between formaldehyde and leukemia, we extended follow-up through 2008 for a cohort mortality study of 11,043 US formaldehyde-exposed garment workers.We computed standardized ratios rate stratified by year first exposure, exposure duration, time since exposure. Associations duration rates leukemia myeloid were examined using Poisson regression models.Compared to population, was elevated but overall not. In internal analyses, increased with increasing this...

Flight attendants may have elevated breast cancer incidence (BCI). We evaluated BCI's association with cosmic radiation dose and circadian rhythm disruption among 6,093 female former U.S. flight attendants.

Background We evaluated mortality among 5,964 former U.S. commercial cockpit crew (pilots and flight engineers). The outcomes of a priori interest were non‐chronic lymphocytic leukemia, central nervous system (CNS) cancer (including brain), malignant melanoma. Methods Vital status was ascertained through 2008. Life table Cox regression analyses conducted. Cumulative exposure to cosmic radiation estimated from work history data. Results Compared the general population, all causes, cancer,...

A comprehensive panel of immune parameters was evaluated among 145 lead-exposed workers with a median blood lead level (BLL) 39 μg/dL (range: 15–55 μg/dL) and 84 unexposed workers. After adjusting for covariates, we found no major differences in the percentage CD3+ cells, CD4+ T CD8+ B or NK cells between workers, although association exposure number modified by age. We also exposed serum immunoglobulin levels, salivary IgA, C3 complement lymphoproliferative responses. However, were...

ABSTRACT Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of Food Drug Administration (510K)-cleared natural rubber latex (NRL)-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody immunoassays have not been performed using well-characterized skin-testing reagents. Sera were collected from 311 subjects (131 puncture skin test [PST] positive 180 PST negative). All masked, coded sera analyzed for latex-specific IgE antibodies in Diagnostic Products...

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association breast cancer incidence with cosmic radiation dose and circadian rhythm disruption in a cohort 6093 US female flight attendants. Methods risk cumulative dose, time spent working during standard sleep interval, zones crossed (all lagged by ten years), adjusted for non-occupational factors, evaluated using Cox regression. Individual exposure estimates were derived from work history data domicile- era-specific estimates. Breast...

Background Flight attendants may have an increased risk of some cancers from occupational exposure to cosmic radiation and circadian disruption. Methods The incidence thyroid, ovarian, uterine cancer among ∼6000 female flight compared the US population was evaluated via life table analyses. Associations these cancers, melanoma, cervical with cumulative dose metrics disruption were using Cox regression. Results Incidence not elevated. No significant, positive exposure‐response relations...

The etiology of ALS is unknown. Although some investigators have evaluated the role occupational exposures (1), their poorly understood. Among subjects with known exposure duration in American Cancer Society’s Prevention Study II cohort (~1 million subjects), mortality rate was more than two times higher for self-reported formaldehyde exposure, compared to unexposed (rate ratio 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58-3.86, 1120 and 22 exposed cases), strongly associated (2). Compared...

The wildland firefighter exposure and health effect (WFFEHE) study was a 2-year repeated-measures to investigate occupational exposures acute subacute effects among firefighters. This manuscript describes the rationale, design, methods, limitations, challenges, lessons learned. WFFEHE cohort included fire personnel ages 18-57 from six federal firefighting crews in Colorado Idaho during 2018 2019 seasons. All firefighters employed by recruited were invited participate at preseason postseason...

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health is conducting cohort studies of flight crew employed by the former Pan American World Airways company (Pan Am) as part an effort to examine workplace exposures health effects. Flight are exposed elevated levels cosmic radiation disruption circadian rhythm when flying across multiple time zones. Methods exist calculate effective doses on individual flights; however, only work histories which provided employee's domicile (home base)...

Background The effects of lead exposure on thyroid function are unclear. Methods Serum thyroxine (T4) was evaluated among 137 lead-exposed workers and 83 non-exposed workers. Free (FT4) a subset these Exposure metrics included blood level (BLL), which reflects recent exposure, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), marker intermediate-duration duration, estimated cumulative exposure. Multiple linear regression results were adjusted for age, race, current smoking status. Results Mean BLLs 38.9 μg/dL in...

Background Concern exists about the potential chronic neurological effects among aircrew of exposure to chemical contaminants from engine oil in aircraft cabin air. We evaluated mortality neurodegenerative diseases 11,311 former US flight attendants. Methods Vital status was ascertained through 2007, and life table analyses were conducted obtain standardized ratios (SMRs). Results Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) over twice as high cohort general population, based on nine observed ALS...

Female flight attendants may have a higher risk of breast and other cancers than the general population because routine exposure to cosmic radiation. As part forthcoming study cancer incidence, occupational radiation cohort female was estimated.Questionnaire data were collected from living members who formerly employed as with Pan American World Airways. These included airline at which attendant employed, assigned domicile, start end dates for employment number block hours commuter segments...