The alkaline serine protease VCP1 of the fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia belongs to a family subtilisin-like enzymes that are involved in infection nematode and insect hosts. It is early process, removing outer proteinaceous vitelline membrane eggs. Little known about regulation this gene, even though an understanding how nutrients other factors affect its expression critical for ensuring efficacy as biocontrol agent. This paper provides new information on vcp1 expression. Sequence analysis...

The effects of a host plant on reproduction/abundance fungal populations in relation to soil nutrients released by plants the rhizosphere were studied. Abundance and potato fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus, Monographella cucumerina (CABI 380408) Pochonia chlamydosporia var. (Pc280, cyst nematode biotype) P. catenulata (Pc392, root-knot assessed. different ability break crops (oilseed rape, sugarbeet wheat) rotation support Pa. isolates Pc280 Pc392 abundance latter two infected with Meloidogyne...

Morphological identification of spiral nematodes the genus Helicotylenchus is a difficult task because most characters used for their diagnosis vary within species. In this paper we provide morphological and molecular characterisations several nematodes, H. broadbalkiensis , digonicus dihystera microlobus paxilli pseudorobustus collected in different geographical areas USA, Switzerland, Italy, New Zealand, Spain, UK, South Korea Russia. We suggest that are valid species separated from each...

Abstract Comparisons of the growth Pasteuria penetrans in adult root-knot nematode females infected with P. dissected from roots tomato plants were undertaken using bright-field and scanning electron microscopy. Samples nutritionally compromised by maintaining them sterile saline at 30°C for different periods time following their removal root system. Observations these maintained revealed a series stages hitherto not documented, consisting rhizoids, rod-like bacilli granular masses. A new...

Three control strategies for management of Meloidogyne arenaria were evaluated on carrot under greenhouse conditions. The tested were: i) incorporation fresh broccoli; ii) carbofuran (Furadan®); and iii) Pochonia chlamydosporia var. mexicana, isolate Pcp21. Each strategy was separately in combination (16 treatment combinations), each with three replicates. experiment done between February April 2014 repeated over the same time period 2015. replicate experimental unit consisted a 1 kg pot...

Abstract Although Nacobbus aberrans, the false root-knot nematode, is endemic to American continent, it justifies attention granted by international quarantine regulations due its broad host-range and economic importance in crops such as potato, tomato sugarbeet. Until recently, was widely accepted that genus included only two valid species: N. aberrans dorsalis. Traditionally, criteria identify separate species have been based on morphology, some biological features. Molecular...

Abstract Species of the genus Nacobbus have potential to reduce yields major food crops such as potato, sugar beet and tomato in many parts world, thus warranting a quarantine effort avoid their introduction. Molecular studies offer new method for routine diagnostics this nematode that will be faster more sensitive than previous methods. A primer set was designed from ITS sequences specificity confirmed. DNA extracted nematodes, soil potato tubers use PCR. Optimised PCR conditions were...

Abstract Abundance, genetic diversity and parasitic ability in the facultative nematode parasite Pochonia chlamydosporia var. were compared soils from two sites Portugal under long-term tomato cultivation where root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne sp.) present. Fungal abundance assessed by selective agar or real-time quantitative PCR with specific primers was similar both soils. fingerprinting of isolates ERIC indicated that dominant P. c. biotypes (profiles A B) very closely related, although a...

Abstract Twelve populations of Nacobbus aberrans, sensu lato, from Mexico, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Argentina were subjected to molecular analysis their genetic variability. RFLP banding patterns revealed three groups: i) 1 populations; ii) Bolivia Peru iii) 2 population. These differences confirmed by sequencing the ITS rDNA region. Depth branching was strongly supportive presence separate species, thus supporting hypothesis that N. aberrans s.l. is indeed a species complex. The are...

ABSTRACT The expression of host genomes is modified locally by root endoparasitic nematode secretions to induce the development complex cellular structures referred as feeding sites. In compatible interactions, sites provide environment and nutrients for completion nematode’s life cycle, whereas in an incompatible (resistant) interaction, immune system triggers a plant cell death programme, often form hypersensitive reaction, which restricts reproduction. These processes have been studied...

New Mexican isolates of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia were obtained from nematode infested fields in vegetable growing area Tepeaca Valley, Puebla State, Mexico. Based on macro and microscopic morphology, seven 'putative' P. selected DNA extracted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Three new identified: Pcp2, Pcp21 Pcp31. The amplification internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed a 650 bp amplicon which was used maximum likelihood phylogenetic inference...

Abstract Population densities, population fluctuations, yield loss and disease incidence caused by Nacobbus aberrans on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were studied, using an epidemiological approach, in a field experiment that included three different control regimes: integrated (IC) scheme, which fertilisation, nematicide (ethoprop) chicken manure; technical (TC) based the best local practices of fertilisation use carbofuran for nematode control; check treatment (AC), with no application...

Aims: To develop a simple, rapid, reliable protocol producing consistent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprints of Pochonia chlamydosporia var. biotypes for analysing different fungal isolates during co‐infection plants and nematodes. Methods Results: DNA extracted from P. was fingerprinted using enterobacterial repetitive intragenic consensus (ERIC)‐PCR. Four extraction methods (rapid alkaline lysis; microLYSIS®‐PLUS; DNeasy®; FTA® cards) gave results within each but these varied...