Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination is a major problem facing maize growers worldwide, host resistance the most effective strategy to control disease, but resistant genotypes have not been identified. In 2003, total of 103 inbred lines were evaluated for caused by verticillioides in field trials Ikenne Ibadan, Nigeria. Disease was initiated from natural infection trial artificial inoculation Ibadan trial. Ear severity ranged 1.0 6.0 both locations 2003. Fifty-two with disease ≤3...

Abstract Groundnut is commonly consumed in its roasted form by many Nigerians. This study was therefore conducted to determine the levels of aflatoxin groundnut retailed south‐western N igeria with a view assessing fitness processed nut for human consumption. The effects roasting and de‐coating as alternative methods reducing ‘aflatoxin scare’ were further assessed on aflatoxigenic fungal load content nuts. Forty‐eight samples raw collected mycological thin‐layer chromatographic analysis...

Fusarium stalk rot is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases maize, deployment resistant genotypes effective strategies for controlling disease. Fifty inbred lines four checks from breeding program International Institute Tropical Agriculture were evaluated in field trials at Ikenne Ibadan, Nigeria 2003 2004 to identify new sources resistance caused by verticillioides. Evaluations conducted under artificial inoculation natural infection Ibadan Ikenne, respectively. Disease...

In this study, 81 samples of two cowpea varieties (brown: 54; white: 27) collected from various markets in southwestern Nigeria were examined for fungal and mycotoxin contamination. Moulds belonging to Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium recovered 99% the samples. both varieties, Aspergillus (52–53%) dominated Fusarium (29–30%) (17–20%). The interactive effect variety sampled location was significant (p = .013) on occurrence species. Aflatoxins detected one brown white at concentrations...

Tomato bacterial canker, caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, is a serious tomato disease causing plant death and significant economic losses to the farmers. Several measures have been adopted minimize canker infection, but all limited success. This study investigated growth-promoting biocontrol activities of two potential non-native strains bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. Alcaligenes faecalis) isolated from rhizosphere selected medicinal plants characterized 16S rRNA gene...

African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) is an underutilized leguminous crop in the tropics with lofty nutritional value widely cultivated rural parts of Southern and Western Nigeria. This study was conducted to screen 20 accessions AYB for resistance these diseases, identify associated fungi also determine best cropping season cultivate minimal infection. Field trials were at Teaching Research Farm Federal University Agriculture, Abeokuta during 2015/2016 seasons (wet dry seasons). The...

Somaclonal variants arising from clonally propagated plants via plant tissue culture could possess resistance to some diseases. Cotyledon, leaf, and hypocotyl explants a local variety of Fusarium wilt-susceptible tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Beske) were cultured on callus induction media (CIM) with kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at various concentrations. Calli transferred shoot regeneration containing kinetin BAP in combination giberellic 0.5 mg/l....

ABSTRACT African yam bean (AYB; Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) is an underutilized legume indigenous to Africa. The crop has great potential as it can enhance food security and its chemical composition offers nutritional medicinal opportunities. However, the low grain yield caused by fungal diseases, including pod blight leaf tip dieback, deters farmers from large-scale cultivation. causal agents of dieback on AYB are largely uncharacterized. To determine prevalence diseases...

Many diseases affect plants, causing physiological dysfunctions and structural deviation from normal. The effects of plant on yield quality crops have been documented. Little, however, is known about the pathology agronomy Mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.), an under-cultivated crop. present study was carried out to assess disease incidence severity associated fungal ginger; rhizome loss due disease; isolate identify pathogens associated; evaluate growth parameters ginger. plants began...

Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease caused by capsici on Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is a major constraint to pepper production. Field experiments were conducted under tropical conditions evaluate genotypes for reactions CLS as result of natural infection in two cropping seasons. Six-week-old seedlings transplanted the field and plants randomly sampled symptom expression isolate causal organism. Data collected incidence, severity, fruit yield. Disease incidence severity yield affected genotype,...

とうもろこしはナイジェリアで栽培,消費されている最も重要な穀物のひとつである.3 つの農 業生態学的地帯(AZE)における13 の市場から食用のとうもろこし104 検体を集め,ELISA 法に よってゼアラレノン(ZEA)とT-2 トキシン(T-2)レベルを測定した.とうもろこしのZEA 汚染 は50 μg/kg 未満から196 までの範囲であった.ZEA は37% のとうもろこしから検出された が,この中の3.8% だけがEU における未加工穀物100 に対するZEA の上限値を超えた.T-2 は36% のとうもろこしから検出された.汚染の幅は7.5 未満から29 であった.現在 EU ではT-2 に対する規制値を設けていない.全検体の17% にあたる18 検体から両トキシンが検 出された.AEZ 別にこれらのトキシン分布を見てみると,南ギニアサバンナ地帯(SGS)において 最も多くのサンプルを収集したにもかかわらず,派生サバンナ地帯(DS)では他の二つのAEZ に 比べて,ZEA で50%,T-2 で38% 多く陽性検体が検出された.

This study examined the performances of 21 cassava cultivars in two cropping seasons on field against root rot disease and yield cassava-maize intercrop. Data were collected number root/plant, weight (t/ha) severity (DS) rotted roots at 12 16 months after planting (MAP), respectively. There significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences for DS MAP both with cultivar TMS 97/JW2 having least score. was resistant to pathogen, while eleven other moderately MAP. no consistency over but higher recorded than...

Cercospora leaf spot disease (CLSD) is a serious constraint to the production of cowpea worldwide, especially in tropics. This study was conducted identify causative agent CLSD on accessions. Infected samples were collected from established experimental field at Institute Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Ibadan. The leaves placed potato dextrose agar (PDA) sub-cultured obtain pure fungi isolates. Nucleic acid extraction culture carried out molecular laboratory National...

Background and Objective: Maize, a vital cereal crop globally, faces challenges from foliar diseases like common rust, impacting yield quality.This study assesses the efficacy of sodium metabisulphite salt (SMBS) in controlling maize rust caused by Puccinia sorghi its impact on Wistar rat health.It aims to offer insights into SMBS as sustainable alternative chemical fungicides evaluating disease incidence monitoring health post-consumption.Materials Methods: A at Institute Agricultural...

Abstract The experiments were conducted to investigate the resistance levels among forty‑five lowland rice accessions at Teaching and Research Farm, Federal College of Agriculture, Ishiagu (Latitude 5°56″N Longitude 7°41″E) Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Forty‑five screened for their blast disease in row planting during 2017 2019 cropping seasons using Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice. data on intensity agronomic performance subjected Analysis Variance significant means...

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Blast disease is one of the major threats to rice production globally. This study investigates prevalence, incidence, severity, damage index and morphological variation blast in lowland nine local government areas Ebonyi State, Nigeria. State lies within Latitudes 6°15′57″N 6°24′70″N, Longitudes 7°42′18″E 8°26′20″E derived savannah zone A survey was conducted on twenty-six (26) farms between October November, 2017 when had reached physiological maturity infection plants with evident. Data...