A5073146236- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Phytase and its Applications
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- Agricultural Science and Fertilization
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
2015-2024
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
2015-2024
Texas Tech University
2013
Tamale Teaching Hospital
2011
Institut Togolais de Recherche Agronomique
2011
CGIAR
2009
University of South Carolina
2008
Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center
2007
Agricultural Research Service
2007
Cornell University
2003
Agriculture and the economies of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are highly sensitive to climatic variability. Drought, in particular, represents one most important natural factors contributing malnutrition famine many parts region. The overall impact drought on a given country/region its ability recover from resulting social, economic environmental impacts depends several factors. economic, social huge SSA national costs losses incurred threaten undermine wider development gains made last few...
Maize became increasingly important in the food security of Ethiopia following major drought and famine that occurred 1984. More than 9 million smallholder households, more for any other crop country, grow maize at present. has doubled its productivity production less two decades. The yield, currently estimated >3 metric tons/ha, is second highest Sub-Saharan Africa, after South Africa; yield gains grew an annual rate 68 kg/ha between 1990 2013, only to Africa greater Mexico, China, or...
ABSTRACT Low maize ( Zea mays L.) yields and the impacts of climate change on production highlight need to improve in eastern southern Africa. Climate projections suggest higher temperatures within drought‐prone areas. Research model species suggests that tolerance combined drought heat stress is genetically distinct from either alone, but this has not been confirmed maize. In study we evaluated 300 inbred lines testcrossed CML539. Experiments were conducted under optimal conditions,...
Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple crop in Africa, where its yield and the livelihood of millions are compromised by parasitic witchweed Striga. Germination Striga induced strigolactones exuded from maize roots into rhizosphere. In germplasm collection, we identified two strigolactones, zealactol zealactonoic acid, which stimulate less germination than strigolactone, zealactone. We then showed that single cytochrome P450, ZmCYP706C37, catalyzes series oxidative steps maize-strigolactone...
The risk of drought is high in the Sudan savannah zone West and Central Africa because rainfall this area unpredictable quantity distribution. Thus, improved maize genotypes tolerant to could stabilize grain yield zone, where recurrent threatens production. Six genotypes, two each hybrids, open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) landraces, were evaluated for tolerance terminal water deficit before flowering. Water significantly reduced growth, components genotypes. Significant differences observed...
Abstract This article assembles the results of three multicountry surveys on variety performance and adoption patterns to measure impacts maize research in West Central Africa from 1981 2005, uses cost data since 1971 compute social rates return public investments region. Adoption modern varieties increased less than 5% area 1970s about 60% yielding an aggregate rate development (R&D) investment 43%. The estimated number people moved out poverty through new rose gradually 1980s more one...
This study measured the impacts of drought tolerant maize varieties (DTMVs) on productivity, welfare, and risk exposure using household plot-level data from rural Nigeria. The employed an endogenous switching regression approach to control for both observed unobserved sources heterogeneity between adopters non-adopters. Our results showed that adoption DTMVs increased yields by 13.3% reduced level variance 53% downside 81% among adopters. suggests had a "win-win" outcome increasing reducing...
Biofortification of staple crops is a cost effective and sustainable approach that can help combat vitamin A other micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries. PCR -based DNA markers distinguishing alleles three key genes maize endosperm carotenoid biosynthesis (PSY1, lcyE crtRB1) have been developed to facilitate provitamin biofortification via marker assisted selection. Previous studies these functional revealed inconsistent effects. The germplasm previously employed for discovering...
The management of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in maize field necessitates use a big quantities insecticides and sometimes multiple types formulations chemicals. crops is associated with environmental risks health hazards to both producers consumers. This study was designed evaluate residue 11 that were used control high population Mokwa, Nigeria. Maize soil samples collected from an experimental investigate level using performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Agilent...
• Breeding for resistance to Striga in maize (Zea mays), with paucity of donor source and known mechanisms resistance, has been challenging. Here, post-attachment development S. hermonthica was monitored on two inbreds selected field susceptibility reactions at the International Institute Tropical Agriculture. Haustorial invasion parasite into roots these examined histologically. Morphological differences were observed between susceptible resistant inbreds. The had fewer attachments, delayed...
Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination is a major problem facing maize growers worldwide, host resistance the most effective strategy to control disease, but resistant genotypes have not been identified. In 2003, total of 103 inbred lines were evaluated for caused by verticillioides in field trials Ikenne Ibadan, Nigeria. Disease was initiated from natural infection trial artificial inoculation Ibadan trial. Ear severity ranged 1.0 6.0 both locations 2003. Fifty-two with disease ≤3...
Maize (Zea mays L.) production in west Africa (WA) is constrained by drought, Striga hermonthica infestation and low soil nitrogen (N). varieties resistant to Striga, N are ideal for WA, but genotype × environment interaction on these traits usually significant due differential responses of cultivars growing conditions. Three studies were conducted from 2007 2009 at five locations Nigeria evaluate the performance selected early-maturing under drought stress versus well-watered,...
Maize ( Zea mays L.) breeding programs are increasingly using molecular tools to enhance the efficiency and speed of developing productive cultivars. As a preliminary step toward each other's germplasm, 20 elite inbred lines, 10 from CIMMYT IITA, were crossed according modified North Carolina Design II genotyped 62 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The design used six sets 25 hybrids, including all combinations among groups five lines IITA's respective heterotic A B. 150 single‐cross...
Secondary traits can improve precision with which drought or low soil nitrogen (low‐N) tolerant maize ( Zea mays L.) genotypes are identified, compared to measuring only grain yield under each stress. The objective of this study was identify secondary for indirect selection improvement and/or low‐N. Two sets experiments were conducted at four locations in Nigeria 2 yr. In the first experiment, cultivars evaluated (30 kg ha −1 ) and high (90 N well‐watered environments second experiment. Most...
Marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) aims at increasing the frequency of favourable marker alleles in a population prior to inbred line extraction. This approach was used improve drought tolerance and grain yield biparental cross two elite tolerant lines. The testcrosses randomly selected 50 S1 lines from each three cycles (C0, C1, C2) MARS population, parental between parents (F1) were evaluated under stress (DS) well watered (WW) as rainfed conditions determine genetic gains other...
Molecular characterization is important for efficient utilization of germplasm and development improved varieties. In the present study, we investigated genetic purity, relatedness population structure 265 maize inbred lines from Ethiopian Institute Agricultural Research (EIAR), International Maize Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) Tropical Agriculture (IITA) using 220,878 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers obtained genotyping by sequencing (GBS). Only 22% were considered pure with...
Drought and high temperature are two major factors limiting maize productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. An increase above 30 °C reduces yield by 1% under optimal rain-fed condition 1.7% drought stress (DS) up to 40% combined heat (DSHTS). Approaches that improve performance the stresses essential sustain productivity. The objectives of this study were (i) assess extent variation tolerance DSHTS from among existing best tolerant (DT) hybrids; (ii) examine response patterns hybrids DSHTS; (iii)...
Maize is widely used for food, animal feed, and industrial raw material in Nigeria. This paper documents the important changes that characterize Nigeria's maize production area expansion along with contributing factors have transformed from a backyard food crop to dominant security commercial crop. Using both secondary primary data on varietal adoption over last six decades, we found Nigeria now produces ten times more than it did 1960 four 2005. Our findings further suggested government...