A5043198927- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Climate variability and models
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Irrigation Practices and Water Management
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Plant responses to water stress
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis
- Seed and Plant Biochemistry
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
2015-2024
Addis Ababa University
2017-2023
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
2022
Africa Rice Center
2022
International Fertilizer Development Center
2022
Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz Y Trigo
2014-2021
Hawassa University
2019
Haramaya University
2004-2016
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2016
Significance The question whether sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) can be self-sufficient in cereals by 2050 is of global relevance. Currently, SSA amongst the (sub)continents with largest gap between cereal consumption and production, whereas its projected tripling demand 2010 much greater than other continents. We show that nearly complete closure current farm yields yield potential needed to maintain level self-sufficiency (approximately 80%) 2050. For all countries, such requires a large, abrupt...
Agriculture and the economies of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are highly sensitive to climatic variability. Drought, in particular, represents one most important natural factors contributing malnutrition famine many parts region. The overall impact drought on a given country/region its ability recover from resulting social, economic environmental impacts depends several factors. economic, social huge SSA national costs losses incurred threaten undermine wider development gains made last few...
Maize became increasingly important in the food security of Ethiopia following major drought and famine that occurred 1984. More than 9 million smallholder households, more for any other crop country, grow maize at present. has doubled its productivity production less two decades. The yield, currently estimated >3 metric tons/ha, is second highest Sub-Saharan Africa, after South Africa; yield gains grew an annual rate 68 kg/ha between 1990 2013, only to Africa greater Mexico, China, or...
Nutrient limitation is a major constraint in crop production sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here, we propose generic and simple equilibrium model to estimate minimum input requirements of nitrogen, phosphorus potassium for target yields cereal crops under highly efficient management. The was combined with Global Yield Gap Atlas data explore self-sufficiency 2050 maize nine countries SSA. We that have increase from the current ca. 20% water-limited yield potential approximately 50–75% depending on...
ABSTRACT Ethiopia has wide eco‐environmental diversity ranging from extreme heat at one of the lowest places in world to coolest summits Africa. Associated with this environmental and climate change, climatic extremes are expected change over time also vary across eco‐environments country. This study was conducted examine trends past precipitation temperature three Ethiopia. The involved analysis 20 indices computed daily data spanning 42 years (1967–2008). were obtained 11 stations selected...
Maize is grown by millions of smallholder farmers in South Asia (SA) under diverse environments. The crop different seasons a year with varying exposure to weather extremes, including high temperatures at critical growth stages which are expected increase climate change. This study assesses the impact current and future heat stress on maize benefit heat-tolerant varieties SA. Annual mean maximum may 1.4–1.8 °C 2030 2.1–2.6 2050, large monthly, seasonal, spatial variations across extent...
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the biophysical and socioeconomic impacts climate change on maize production food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using adapted improved varieties well-calibrated validated bioeconomic models. Design/methodology/approach Using past (1950-2000) as a baseline, estimated 2050 (2040-2069) 2080 (2070-2099) under A1B emission scenario three nitrogen levels, 2050. Findings Climate will affect yields across SSA 2080, extent impact at given...
Climate change and population growth pose great challenges to the food security of millions people who grow maize in already fragile agricultural systems tropical environments. There is an urgent need for varieties that are both drought heat tolerant given prevailing stress levels many environments, which set exacerbate with climate change. In this study, crop simulation model (CERES-Maize) was used quantify impact on potential benefits incorporating tolerance into commonly grown (benchmark)...
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the patterns and trends drought incidence in north east highlands Ethiopia using monthly rainfall record for period 1984-2014. Design/methodology/approach Standard precipitation index Mann – Kendal test were used analyze incident occurrences, respectively. spatial extent droughts study area has been interpolated by inverse distance weighted method analyst tool ArcGIS. Findings Most studied stations experienced episodes 1984, 1987/1988,...
Analysis of climate variability and trends frequently takes place at large scale. For agricultural applications, however, highly localized conditions can be critically important. This certainly applies to tropical highland regions, where dissected topography convectively dominated precipitation processes lead strong in both mean year-to-year variability. study examines recent (1981–2016) on Choke Mountain, located the western Ethiopian Highlands. Through analysis temperature records...
Abstract A regional geopolitical conflict and sudden massive supply disruptions have revealed vulnerabilities in our global fuel–fertilizer–food nexus. As nitrogen (N) fertilizer price spikes threaten food security, differentiated responses are required to maintain staple cereal yields across over- underfertilized agricultural systems. Through integrated management of organic inorganic N sources high- low-input production systems, we estimate potential total N-fertilizer savings 11% India,...
Abstract High-resolution climate model projections for a range of emission scenarios are needed designing regional and local adaptation strategies planning in the context change. To this end, future simulations global circulation models (GCMs) main sources critical information. However, these not only coarse resolution but also associated with biases high uncertainty. make useful impact modeling at level, we utilized bias correction constructed analogues quantile mapping reordering (BCCAQ)...
Genetic gain estimation in a breeding program provides an opportunity to monitor efficiency and genetic progress over specific period. The present study was conducted (i) assess the gains grain yield of early maturing maize hybrids developed by International Maize Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Southern African during period 2000–2018 (ii) identify key agronomic traits contributing under various management conditions. Seventy-two CIMMYT three commercial checks were assessed stress...
Sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) demand for cereals is projected to more than double by 2050. Climate change generally assumed add the future challenges of needed productivity increase. This study aimed assess (i) potential climate impact on four key rainfed (maize, millet, sorghum and wheat) in ten SSA countries namely Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia using local data national expertise, (ii) cultivar adaptation crops. We assessed effects cereal...
Abstract Crop management innovations are often not discrete fixed stand‐alone options—and their adoption may imply various combinations and adaptations. This potentially confounds impact assessment. article assesses the resource saving productivity enhancing impacts of a crop package revolving around minimum tillage in maize‐based farming systems northwest Ethiopia. An endogenous switching regression model was applied to plot‐ household‐level survey data collected from 290 rural households...
Maize is an important staple crop in Ethiopia. Reducing the yield gap - difference between actual and (water-limited) potential has wide implications for food security policy. In this paper we combine stochastic frontier analysis of household survey data with agronomic information on to decompose maize Ethiopia highlight policy solutions reduce gap. Our suggests that lack access advanced technologies makes up largest component but market imperfections, economic constraints management are...
Abstract Ethiopia is the largest wheat producer in sub-Saharan Africa yet remains a net importer. Increasing domestic production national priority. Improved varieties provide an important pathway to enhancing productivity and stability of production. Reliably tracking varietal use dynamics challenge, value conventional recall surveys increasingly questioned. We report first nationally representative, large-scale DNA fingerprinting study undertaken Ethiopia. Plot level comparison with farmer...
Climate change and variability is affecting maize (Zea mays L.) production in eastern Ethiopia but how farmers perceive the challenge respond to it not well documented. A study was conducted analyze smallholder farmers’ perception of climate change/variability identify their adaptation approaches barriers for highlands Ethiopia. Meteorological data were assessed provide evidence perceived change. survey six major maize-producing kebeles with a total 364 respondents. multi-stage sampling...
Ethiopia’s economy is dominated by agriculture which mainly rain-fed and subsistence. Climate change expected to have an adverse impact particularly on crop production. Previous studies shown large discrepancies in the magnitude sometimes direction of We assessed climate growth yield maize wheat Ethiopia using a multi-crop model ensemble. The multi-model ensemble (n = 48) was set up agroecosystem modelling framework Expert-N. modular facilitates combining different submodels for plant soil...
Summary The use of chemical fertilizers is among the main innovations brought by 1960s Green Revolution. In Ethiopia, fertilizer application during last four decades has led to significant yield gains, yet remains below its potential across much country. One challenges responsible for low response been ‘blanket’ recommendations, whereby no tailoring amount and frequency done based on soil requirements. As a result, applied ranges widely, can be either sub- or supra-optimal. There thus an...