A5068535440- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Livestock Management and Performance Improvement
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Agricultural Systems and Practices
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Innovation and Socioeconomic Development
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Pasture and Agricultural Systems
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Selenium in Biological Systems
- Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Agricultural Economics and Practices
University of Edinburgh
2019-2025
International Livestock Research Institute
2009-2024
Roslin Institute
2019-2024
Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines
2024
Agriculture and Food
2021
University of Dundee
2017
International Water Management Institute
2013-2016
Chonburi Hospital
2016
Woodward (United States)
2015
Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2013
Prebiotics are food ingredients that improve health by modulating the colonic microbiota. The bifidogenic effect of prebiotic inulin is well established; however, it remains unclear which species Bifidobacterium stimulated in vivo and whether bacterial groups other than lactic acid bacteria affected consumption. Changes faecal microbiota composition were examined real-time PCR twelve human volunteers after ingestion (10 g/d) for a 16-d period comparison with control without any supplement...
The NG2 antibody, which recognises an integral membrane chondroitin sulphate, labels a significant population of cells in adult CNS white matter tracts the rat optic nerve and anterior medullary velum (AMV). Adult NG2+ are highly complex with multiple branching processes we show by EM immunocytochemistry that they extend perinodal processes, contact nodes Ranvier. do not react to conventional immunohistochemical markers for glia so reservedly term them NG2P cells. In vitro,...
ABSTRACT Ethiopia has wide eco‐environmental diversity ranging from extreme heat at one of the lowest places in world to coolest summits Africa. Associated with this environmental and climate change, climatic extremes are expected change over time also vary across eco‐environments country. This study was conducted examine trends past precipitation temperature three Ethiopia. The involved analysis 20 indices computed daily data spanning 42 years (1967–2008). were obtained 11 stations selected...
The global increase in the demand for and production of animal-source foods (four-to five-fold between 1960 2015), which has been mostly concentrated low- middle-income countries (LMIC), provides smallholder livestock producers with an opportunity improving their livelihoods food nutrition security. However, across systems many LMIC, limited supplies high cost good quality feed severely constrains exploitation this opportunity. In such countries, feeds feeding-related issues are often ranked...
Crop residues (CR) have become a limited resource in mixed crop-livestock farms. As result of the increasing demand and low availability alternative resources, CR became an essential for household activities, especially livestock keeping; major livelihood element smallholder farmers developing world. Farmers' decisions on use are determined by farmers' preferences, total crop production, resources CR. Interaction these determinants can pressures trade-offs use. Determinants, shaped specific...
Innovation systems thinking is increasingly influencing approaches to sustainable agricultural development in developing world contexts. This represents a shift away from technology transfer towards recognition that change entails complex interactions among multiple actors and range of technical, social institutional factors. One option for practically applying innovation involves the establishment platforms (IPs). Such are designed bring together variety different stakeholders exchange...
Body linear measurements, and specifically heart girth (HG), have been shown to be useful predictors of cattle liveweight. To test the accuracy body measurements for predicting liveweight, crossbred dairy different genotypes were measured weighed. A total 352 mature cows 100 heifers weighed using an electronic weighing scale HG, length, height at withers taken ordinary measuring tape condition scored (BCS) a five-point scale. The animals grouped according genotype age. Genotype...
In cabbage, glucosinolates such as sinigrin are hydrolyzed by plant myrosinase to allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), cyanide, and, in the presence of an epithiospecifier protein, 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane (CEP). Isothiocyanates have been implicated cancer-protective effects Brassica vegetables. The effect processing on hydrolysis was investigated cabbage. Cabbage steamed or microwaved for six time durations over 7 min. Glucosinolate concentrations were slightly reduced after microwave cooking (P...
Abstract Cabbage contains the glucosinolate sinigrin, which is hydrolyzed by myrosinase to allyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates are thought inhibit development of cancer cells a number mechanisms. The effect cooking cabbage on isothiocyanate production from glucosinolates during and after their ingestion was examined in human subjects. Each 12 healthy volunteers consumed three meals, at 48-h intervals, containing either raw cabbage, cooked or mustard according cross-over design. At each...
Fodder scarcity is a perennial problem for many smallholder farmers in developing countries. This paper discusses how fodder technologies and knowledge have been introduced integrated diverse livestock production systems Ethiopia, Syria Vietnam. A synthesis of lessons learnt shows that innovation triggered diffused by actors interacting learning networks, on farms. innovation, being only one element value chains, sustainably enhanced when linked to other innovations market-oriented...
The whale shark is an ideal flagship species for citizen science projects because of its charismatic nature, size, and the associated ecotourism ventures focusing on at numerous coastal aggregation sites. An online database encounters, identifying individuals basis their unique skin patterning, captured almost 30,000 encounter reports from 1992 to 2014, with more than 6000 identified 54 countries. During this time, number known sites (hotspots) increased 13 20. Examination...
Livestock provides an important source of income and nourishment for around one billion rural households worldwide. Demand livestock food products is increasing, especially in developing countries, there are opportunities to increase production meet local demand farm incomes. Estimating the scale yield gaps better understanding factors limiting current will help define technological investment needs each sector. The aim this paper quantify evaluate dairy Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia, using...
Abstract On low-input smallholder farms of Kenyan upland landscapes, erosion nutrient-rich topsoil strongly affects crop yields. Where maize ( Zea mays ) is intercropped on erosion-prone slopes, intercropping can potentially reduce soil erosion. The objective this research was to quantify the contribution crops and mixtures different growth habits control their influence above-ground biomass earthworm abundance as indicators function in farming systems under a bimodal rainfall pattern...
Legumes play an important role in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) farming systems through the provision of food, feed, fuel, income and a range biophysical benefits, such as soil fertility enhancement erosion control. However, their full potential is not being realized. The purpose this study was to assess farmers' perceptions knowledge towards legumes rationale farmers for current legume production practices using survey 268 Democratic Republic Congo Kenya. Most had some characteristics. they...
Smallholder dairy production represents a promising income generating activity for poor farmers in the developing world. Because of perishable nature milk, marketing arrangements collection, distribution and sale are important enhanced livelihoods smallholder sector. In this study we examined relationship between market quality basic feeding breeding practices at farm level. We define as attractiveness reliability procurement channels associated input supply arrangements. took our countries,...
This research describes and analyses how smallholder crop livestock farmers in rural Ea Kar, Vietnam, were able to take advantage of the rising demand for meat urban centres transform cattle production from a traditional, extensive grazing system more intensive, stall-fed that supplied quality markets. The traditional produced low-quality animals could only be sold local consumption. Introduction concept farm-grown fodder enabled produce fatter animals, achieving higher sale prices, reduce...
We assessed land use/land cover changes from remotely sensed satellite imagery and compared this with community perceptions on availability/use of livestock feed resources deficit management strategies since the 1973s in three districts representing pastoral, agro-pastoral mixed crop-livestock eco-environments Ethiopia. found that are proceeding all transitions grasslands, forest lands to bush/shrub crop pastoral site (Liben), grasslands (Mieso) lands, (Tiyo). The significantly affected...
The breakdown of glucosinolates, a group thioglucoside compounds found in cruciferous plants, is catalysed by dietary or microbial myrosinase. This hydrolysis releases range products among which are the isothiocyanates, have been implicated cancer-protective effects vegetables. respective involvement plant myrosinase and gut bacterial conversion, vivo , glucosinolates into isothiocyanates was investigated sixteen Fischer 344 rats. Glucosinolate gnotobiotic rats harbouring whole human faecal...
The objective of this study was to determine the extent which herbivores are able use conditioned food aversions and preferences learn about nutritional toxic properties plants, when options simultaneously available. Conditioned have been invoked as important mechanisms by free-ranging optimize selection learning negative positive consequences consuming particular plant species through a series encounters. In most previous tests hypothesis, access individual test foods has separated in time,...