The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture maintains the world's largest collection cowpea germplasm over 15,000 accessions. A sub-set 298 lines from loosely composed mini core 370 landraces were genotyped based on genotyping by sequencing (GBS). Ward's minimum variance hierarchical cluster analysis, model-based ancestry analysis and discriminant principal component (DAPC) carried out this sub-set. Three clusters identified different clustering methods. Principal further supported...

Marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) aims at increasing the frequency of favourable marker alleles in a population prior to inbred line extraction. This approach was used improve drought tolerance and grain yield biparental cross two elite tolerant lines. The testcrosses randomly selected 50 S1 lines from each three cycles (C0, C1, C2) MARS population, parental between parents (F1) were evaluated under stress (DS) well watered (WW) as rainfed conditions determine genetic gains other...

Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) is a breeding method used to accumulate favorable alleles that for example confer tolerance drought in inbred lines from several genomic regions within single population. A bi-parental cross formed two parents combine resistance Striga hermonthica with tolerance, which was improved through MARS, assess changes the frequency of and its impact on line improvement. total 200 testcrosses randomly selected S1 derived original (C0) advanced cycles this...

Abstract Striga hermonthica is a widespread, destructive parasitic plant that causes substantial yield loss to maize productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Under severe infestation, losses can range from 60 100% resulting abandonment of farmers’ lands. Diverse methods have been proposed for management; however, host resistance considered the most effective and affordable small-scale famers. Thus, conducting genome-wide association study identify quantitative trait nucleotides controlling S....

Crop genetic diversity is a sine qua non for continuous progress in the development of improved varieties, hence need germplasm collection, conservation and characterization. Over years, cowpea has contributed immensely to nutrition economic life people Togo. However, bulk varieties grown by farmers are landraces due absence any serious improvement activity on country. In this study, population structure 255 accessions collected from five administrative regions agricultural research...

Summary Striga hermonthica is a parasitic weed that poses serious threat to the production of economically important cereals in sub‐Saharan Africa. The existence genetic diversity within and between S. populations presents challenge successful development deployment effective control technologies against this weed. Understanding extent will facilitate design parasite. In present study, plants collected from different locations host crops Kenya Nigeria were genotyped using single nucleotide...

Drought represents a significant production challenge to maize farmers in West and Central Africa, causing substantial economic losses. Breeders at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture have therefore been developing drought-tolerant varieties attain high grain yields rainfed zones. The present review provides historical overview approaches used progress made hybrids over years. shift from wide area testing approach, use managed screening sites, precisely control intensity,...

In this investigation, a gene (CDF_Amyl) encoding extracellular α-amylase in Aspergillus niger strain CSA35 associated with cassava spoilage was amplified using specific primers and characterized silico. The had partial nucleotide sequence of 968 bp encoded protein 222 aa residues molecular weight isoelectric point 25.13 kDa 4.17, respectively. Its catalytic site located the active domain. BLASTp analysis showed that primary 98% 99% homologies A. oryzae RIB40, is more closely related to...

Abstract Host-specific interactions can maintain genetic and phenotypic diversity in parasites that attack multiple host species. Host diversity, turn, may promote parasite by selection for divergence or plastic responses to type. The parasitic weed purple witchweed [ Striga hermonthica (Delile) Benth.] causes devastating crop losses sub-Saharan Africa is capable of infesting a wide range grass hosts. Despite some evidence adaptation host-by- genotype interactions, little known about...

Abstract African yam bean, AYB ( Sphenostylis stenocarpa ), is an underutilized legume of tropical Africa. can boost food and nutritional security in sub-Saharan Africa through its nutrient-rich seeds tubers. However, inadequate information on germplasm with desirable agro-morphological traits, including insufficient data at the genomic level, has prevented full exploitation breeding potentials. Notably, assessing genetic diversity population structure a species prerequisite for improvement...

is a serious biotic stress limiting maize production in sub-Saharan Africa. The limited information on the patterns of genetic diversity among inbred lines derived from source germplasm with mixed backgrounds limits development lines, hybrids, and synthetics durable resistance to

Accurate estimation of genetic variability present in tropical maize inbreds with varying reactions to Strigahermonthica infestation is essential for efficient and sustainable utilization ensure increased gain a breeding program. Thirty-six early maturing inbred lines 156 single cross hybrids were evaluated under Striga-infested non-infested conditions Nigeria during the 2014 2015 cropping seasons. Under Striga infestation, grain yield ranged from 1134 kg ha−1 TZEI 26 × 5 5362 TZdEI 173 280....

Abstract Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important legume crop with high commercial value widely cultivated globally. Thus, the genetic characterization of existing soybean germplasm will provide useful information for enhanced conservation, improvement and future utilization. This study aimed to assess extent diversity elite breeding lines varieties developed by programme International Institute Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. The 65 genotypes was studied using...

Abstract Background The establishment of heterotic groups inbred lines is crucial for hybrid maize breeding programs. Currently, there no information on the patterns Provitamin A (PVA) developed in improvement program International Institute Tropical Agriculture (IITA) to form productive PVA enriched hybrids areas affected by vitamin deficiency. This study assessed feasibility classifying PVA-enriched into based content without compromising grain yield hybrids. Sixty were crossed two testers...

A hemiparasitic plant, Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth and soil nitrogen stress are the key constraints to maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in sub-Saharan Africa, where commonly cultivated is normal endosperm type that deficient provitamin A, tryptophan lysine (PVATL). Seventy-six extra-early inbreds with tryptophan, qualities (TZEEIORQ) were developed address these constraints, four checks assessed under Striga, low high conditions at three locations Nigeria. The further genotyped two...

Understanding the genetic diversity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) landraces is useful for effective characterization and ex-situ conservation germplasm. The analysis eighteen collected from five agro-ecological zones in Nigeria was reported this study. Five individuals per landrace were genotyped with six polymorphic microsatellite markers. Three to 5 alleles a mean 3.833 detected. Mean Polymorphic information content (PIC) observed heterozygosity markers 0.5721 0.2433,...

Biofortification is a promising, cost effective and sustainable strategy to mitigate micronutrient deficiencies related health complications. The principal aims of the study encompassed quantification carotenoid content 147 maize inbred lines, identification variable regions within ZEP1 gene, correlation these observed variances in presence this gene with content, identify lines harboring favorable alleles for crtRB1 gene. correlations among carotenoids synthesized by specific branch...

Striga hermonthica is the most widespread and destructive plant parasite infesting maize other major crops in sub-Saharan Africa where it causes severe yield losses threatens food security. Several tolerant lines supporting reduced S. emergence have been deployed. However, molecular bases of such resistance are yet poorly understood. Based on a time course comparative gene expression analysis between susceptible resistant we confirmed mechanisms known to be activated upon infestation...

The characterization of a greater number lines hence potentially increase the efficiency maize breeding programs. This study aims to assess genetic variation and relationships existing within population 177 two parental lines, using 8,883 SNPs markers obtained from sequencing genotyping (GBS) four agronomic traits. Two hundred S 1 checks including parents have been evaluated under Striga hermonthica infestation in Benin Republic Nigeria for years during 2018 2019 growing seasons 51 x 4...

Strigahermonthica (Del.) Benth is a parasitic weed that devastates cereals in Sub-Saharan Africa. Several control measures have been proposed for the parasite, of these, host plant resistance considered most cost-effective poor farmers. Some tolerant/resistant lines developed and these display tolerance/resistance mechanisms to parasite. A series studies was done investigate some through which resistant (TZISTR1108) susceptible (5057) maize line responds S. hermonthica infestation, as well...