Assessment of the potential for soil carbon sequestration based on type, land use, and climate scenarios is crucial determining which agricultural regions can be used to help mitigate increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. In semi-arid Mediterranean-type environments, organic (SOC) storage capacity rarely achieved under dryland systems. We aimed assess both actual (measured) attainable (modelled) SOC stock values production zone Western Australia. measured (0–0.3 m) known constraints...

Modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has been well adapted for survival and production in water-limited environments since it was first domesticated the Mediterranean basin at least 8000 years ago. Adaptation to various assisted through selection cross-breeding traits that contribute high stable yield time. Improvements crop management aimed improving grain quality probably developed more slowly but rate of change accelerated recent decades. Many studies have shown contribution increased...

There is an absence of drought tolerant herbaceous perennial forage legume and herb options other than lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) for environments with Mediterranean-like climates common in extensive areas Southern Australia, the Mediterranean basin, Chile.Therefore, a collection 174 entries from 103 species 32 genera was evaluated adaptation diverse range climatic Australia.The seasonal rainfall distribution varied moderately to highly winter dominant long term average annual ranging 318...

Objective To assess the effects of three types apical dissection on urinary continence after radical retropubic prostatectomy and to evaluate possible contributing factors, e.g. preservation bladder neck preprostatic sphincter, age, anastomotic strictures, previous transurethral resection nerve‐sparing surgery. Patients methods Having undergone one dissection, 280 patients were evaluated: in Group 1 (sphincter‐damaging) 134 underwent original technique ligating transecting venous complex; 2...

Sowing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at the right time is one of most important means maximising grain yield in dryland agriculture. Objectives this study were to understand variation estimates optimum sowing as influenced by cultivar and environmental characteristics, assess relative importance location, season, time, factors Western Australia. Twenty-seven × experiments conducted over three seasons (2003–05) a range locations (annual rainfall 300–450 mm, lat. 28–35°S). There four types...

Herbage production and persistence of 42 annual pasture legumes from 33 species were measured at five sites across southern Australia. Medicago polymorpha L. was highly productive on soils, particularly those not prone to waterlogging, with soil surface (0–10 cm depth) salinity [estimated by electrical conductivity (ECe)] levels in summer up 36 dS/m, whereas M. truncatula Gaertn. ECe least 11 dS/m. Trifolium michelianum Savi T. resupinatum soils subject but only where 0–10 less than 8 No...

A study was undertaken, using 2701 overwrapped loin samples aged for 5 days and subjected to a simulated retail display (SRD) 3 days; sourced from lambs in the Cooperative Research Centre Sheep Industry Innovation information nucleus flock, born 2007-2009. The ratio of reflectance light wavelengths 630 nm 580 (oxy/met) measured daily during SRD, Hunterlab spectrophotometer. series linear mixed models fitted oxy/met time data compare 4 breed types identify relevant covariates, 19, forward...

Polyploidization results in genome duplication and is an important step evolution speciation. The Malus confirmed that this genus was derived through auto-polyploidization, yet the genetic meiotic mechanisms for polyploidization, particularly aneuploidization, are unclear or other woody perennials. In fact contribution of aneuploidization remains poorly understood throughout Plantae. We add to knowledge by characterization eupolyploidization 27,542 F1 seedlings from seven diploid populations...

Interactions between soil pH and phosphorus (P) for plant growth have been widely reported; however, most studies based on pasture species, the agronomic importance of this interaction acid-tolerant wheat in soils with near-sufficient levels fertility is unclear. We conducted field experiments at two sites acid where lime treatments that had applied 6 years preceding caused significant changes to pH, extractable aluminium (Al), nutrients exchangeable cations. Soil pH(CaCl2) 0–10cm was 4.7...

Abstract This paper reports on the evaluation of “summer sowing,” an innovative approach to increase adoption recently domesticated species hard seeded annual legumes in Mediterranean and temperate Agriculture. The research revealed that several whose seed can be readily harvested on‐farm which possess natural dormancy, may sown into dry soil late summer without additional processing. These studies proved dormancy was broken down sufficiently over 4–6 weeks produce robust legume pastures...

In this paper we analyse existing experimental data (grain yield and components) from seed rate experiments on wheat in Western Australia, with the aims of determining which factors most influence optimum plant population, advancing some practical guidelines for improving choice under rain-fed conditions. Experiments (32) were conducted cropping zone Australia between 1996 2001, using factorial combinations cultivars (3–25) target populations (4 or 5). Some them also contained treatments...

The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects electrical stimulation and lamb age on retail colour stability meat. Poll Dorset Merino crossbred lambs that were 5 months (‘suckers’, SU) 12 (‘carryovers’, CO) finished same green annual pasture slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Half carcasses in each group (10) either electrically stimulated (ES) or not (NES) post-dressing with high voltage system. Luminescence (L), hue angle (indication redness), chroma (intensity), oxy/met (a...

Summary Long‐term research aimed to determine whether narrow row spacing and harvest weed seed destruction, in combination with herbicide use, would be sufficient drive a Lolium rigidum population extinction. A trial was run from 1987 2013, treatments including crop spacings of 9, 18, 27 or 36 cm residue burning retention. Herbicides were applied reflect regional practices. The initial design randomised, but maintained each plot over the following years. production at assessed 2003 2013....

Herbage production and persistence of 24 perennial legumes from 20 species 19 grasses 10 were measured at five sites across southern Australia that differed in annual rainfall extent salinity waterlogging. At Cranbrook, Western Australia, a site with occasional waterlogging summer [estimated by electrical conductivity (ECe)] 6.9 dS/m the surface cm soil, strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum L.) Lotus uligonosis Schkuhr produced 2.7 t/ha second year had highest legume plant frequencies 3,...

Pattern of disease spread provides improved knowledge on how the pathogen introduces itself and interacts with environment in fields expresses as a disease. It is especially significant when epidemiology disease, such Rice False Smut (RFSm), unclearly understood. Not reported before, this study attempted an analysis spatial pattern natural RFSm nine intensive rice ecosystem Bangladesh. Both conventional specialized statistical methods were applied analysis. Results show that was not similar...

SUMMARY The effectiveness of various treatments upon, and pathological biochemical changes in, ovine weaner nutritional myopathy were observed. Clinical was already apparent in the sheep at start study, they fed decreasing amounts a ration containing low levels selenium α‐tocopherol, periodically deprived water. In spite this management there spontaneous remission clinical sheep, but subclinical identified some end trial. conclusions that not caused by dietary intake and/or α‐tocopherol...

Abstract Nitrogen fixation from pasture legumes is a fundamental process that contributes to the profitability and sustainability of dryland agricultural systems. The aim this research was determine whether well-managed pastures, based on aerial-seeding legumes, could partially or wholly meet nitrogen (N) requirements subsequent grain crops in an annual rotation. Fifteen experiments were conducted Western Australia with wheat, barley canola grown rotation included legume species French...

Seventeen experiments were conducted in 1996, 1997 and 1998 the central northern wheatbelt of Western Australia, covering a range soil types, seasonal rainfall, cultivars sowing times. The objective was to investigate how these factors affect optimum seed rates derived from seeding rate and, thus, improve advice farmers. Our results suggest that type rainfall major influencing differences rate. Regression tree methods used show clay loam soils had higher (52–76 kg/ha, depending on used). In...

SUMMARY Twelve widely grown cultivars of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) were screened both under controlled environment conditions for their resistance to five fungi commonly associated with root rot and field natural infections. All showed decreased seedling survival (particularly from Pythium irregulare Rhizoctonia solani) , tap lateral Fusarium avenaceum P. R. reduced plant size solani irregulare). Individual generally differed in response the pathogens any one pathogen...

SummaryThe objectives of this experiment were to: 1. compare the hypopharyngeal gland development (by measuring head weight) caged newly hatched nurse bees fed on eight different pollen and artificial diets; 2. examine correlation between protein intake weight. The diets: substitute 2; FeedBee®; 1; stimulated (in order) significantly higher weight than pure irradiated mixed pollen; redgum (Corymbia calophylla); + soyflour isolate; supplement. Only diets overall more 10 mg maintained above...