A 1D electrochemical-thermal model of an electrode pair a lithium ion battery is developed in Comsol Multiphysics. The mathematical validated against the literature data for 10 Ah phosphate (LFP) pouch cell operating under 1 C to 5 electrical load at 25 °C ambient temperature. used conduct statistical analysis most influential parameters that dictate performance; i.e., particle radius ( r p ); thickness L o s volume fraction active material ε , ) and C-rate; their interaction on two main...

Variation in energy capacity and resistance of cells connected parallel can degrade the overall performance storage system (ESS). Such variations lead to significant individual differences battery load current, state charge (SOC) heat generation. An experimentally validated 1D electrochemical-thermal model a large format 53 Ah pouch cell is employed underpin evaluation within context complete ESS. The model, developed COMSOL Multiphysics coupled with an electrical circuit ESS Matlab. Results...

This study investigates the impact of a multi-layered porosity profile on electrical and thermal performance lithium-ion battery. Consideration is given to key attributes battery, namely its specific power energy temperature distribution that may generated throughout cell under load. The COMSOl Multiphysics software tool has been employed develop 3D electrochemical–thermal model commercially available 10 Ah lithium iron phosphate cell. Through an extensive simulation study, for fixed value...

On an average about 40% of world energy is used in residential buildings and the largest consumption allocated to cooling air-conditioning systems. So every attempt economize very valuable. In this research a nocturnal radiative system with flat plate solar collectors humid area, Babol, Iran, assessed both experimentally numerically. Different methods available literature are reviewed by using widely accepted model, sky temperature determined. The mathematical model for collector as...

As electric vehicles (EVs) gain market dominance, ensuring safety during the battery usage is crucial. This paper presents a new thermal management approach to address heat accumulation challenge through novel combination of composite phase change material (CPCM) with liquid cooling systems. An optimised hybrid model developed evaluate proposed system (BTMS) under high-temperature and high-power conditions. Benchmark studies are conducted assess impact inlet position, flow rate, channel...

In this research, the variational iteration method as an approximate analytical is utilized to overcome some inherent limitations arising uncontrollability nonzero endpoint boundary conditions and used solve examples in field of heat transfer. The available exact solutions for linear equations numerical nonlinear ones are good bases demonstrate accuracy efficiency proposed method. With help one can simply analyze thermal characteristics a straight rectangular fin all possible types transfer...

High Performance (HP) battery electric vehicle (BEV) and racing applications represent significantly different use cases than those associated with conventional consumer vehicles road driving. The differences between HP the duty-cycles embodied within established test standards will lead to unrepresentative estimates for life performance a application. A strategic requirement exists define methodology that may be used create representative duty-cycle. Within this paper two methods duty-cycle...

In this study, a general proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model has been developed in order to investigate the balance of plant fork-lift truck thermodynamically. The takes into account effects pressure losses, water crossovers, humidity aspects, and voltage overpotentials cells. Moreover, it is zero-dimensional assumed be steady state. system includes compressor, an air humidifier, set heat exchangers, stack that together build up anode circuit, cathode cooling loop. Several...

Abstract Addressing large load fluctuation in automotive applications, dynamic analysis of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system is conducted here. Operations comprehensive system-level control-oriented model with all necessary auxiliary components are demonstrated and simulation results for start-up scenario presented. It shown that stability influenced by slow thermal management controls. High loads at affect voltage efficiency adversely. Cathode inlet water levels found to be...

The performance and ageing of lithium-ion cells are particularly sensitive to the battery operating temperature in-cell gradient. To mitigate adverse whilst maximising performance, thermal management systems required maintain cell within its optimum range. In this paper, an aggressive duty cycle representative track racing conditions for a electric vehicle (EV) is used as input into 1-D electrochemical-3-D model which validated against experimental data with peak error 10.6%. simulated...

Cooling the surface of large format batteries with solid conductive plates, or fins, has an inherent advantage reducing number liquid seals relative to some mini-channel cold plate designs, as is not passed through numerous individual plates directly. This may reduce overall pack leakage risk which utmost importance due safety concerns associated possibility a cell short circuit and thermal runaway event. However, fin cooling comes at cost increased resistance can lead higher temperatures...

Land subsidence (LS) due to natural and human-driven forces (e.g., earthquakes overexploitation of groundwater) has detrimental irreversible impacts on the environmental, economic, social aspects human life. Thus, LS hazard mapping, monitoring, prediction are important for scientists decision-makers. This study evaluated performance seven machine learning approaches (MLAs), comprising six classification one regression approach, namely (1) trees (CARTs), (2) boosted tree (BRT), (3) Bayesian...